Mizo National Front

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The Mizo National Front (abbr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". MNF) is a regional political party in Mizoram, India. MNF emerged from the Mizo National Famine Front, which was formed by Pu Laldenga to protest against the inaction of the Government of India towards the 1959 famine in the Mizo areas of the Assam state. It staged a major uprising in 1966, followed by years of underground activities. In 1986, it signed the Mizoram Accord with the Government of India, renouncing secession and violence. The MNF then began contesting elections and has formed state government in Mizoram three times. It is currently the state's opposition party, with its president, Zoramthanga, as the Former Chief Minister of Mizoram.[1]

Origin

In 1958, the Mizo Hills were devastated by the Mautam, a cyclic phenomenon where the flowering of bamboo plants result in a plague of crop-eating rats, in turn causing a famine.[2][3]

Earlier in 1955, Mizo Cultural Society was formed, with Laldenga as its secretary. In March 1960, the name of the Mizo Cultural Society was changed to 'Mautam Front'.[4] During the famine of 1959–1960, this society took lead in demanding relief and attracted the attention of all sections of the people. In September 1960, the Society adopted the name Mizo National Famine Front (MNFF).[5][6] The MNFF gained considerable popularity as a large number of Mizo Youth assisted in transporting rice and other essential commodities to interior villages.[7]

Underground movement

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The MNFF, which was originally formed to help ease the immense sufferings of the people during the severe Mautam Famine in Mizoram, was converted into Mizo National Front (MNF) on 22 October 1961.[8] The first OB leaders elected were, President Laldenga, Vice President JF Manliana, General Secy. R. Vanlawma, and Treasurer Rochhinga and the ways in which the Indian authority of the day handled the famine left the people disillusioned. The wave of secessionist and armed insurrection was running high among the Mizos. In 1966, MNF led a major uprising against the government, but failed to gain administrative control of the Mizo district.[6] The secessionist movement held on for about two decades. During that time, they invaded Burma claiming Chin State and Tahan belong to Mizoram since most of the resident in Tahan are Mizo.[9][10]

Peace settlement

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". This chapter of insurgency finally came to a close with the signing of the Mizoram Accord on 30 June 1986 between the underground government of the Mizo National Front and the Government of India. Under the terms of the peace accord, Mizoram was granted statehood in February 1987.[11]

Political party

In the resulting election, the Congress won, and the MNF would be in opposition until 1998. In 1990, Laldenga died, and was replaced by his former secretary and Finance Minister, Zoramthanga. In 1998 and 2003 MNF won the state assembly elections, and Zoramthanga was chief minister for 10 years.[12] In the 2003 elections MNF won 21 out of 40 seats in the state assembly, and got 132 505 votes (31.66%).[13] The party was routed by the Congress in the 2008 state election, winning just 3 seats.[14] It contested the 2013 state elections in alliance with the Mizoram People's Conference, and won 5 seats to the Congress's 34.[1] In the 2018 state assembly elections, the MNF won 26 seats and returned to government.[15] The party lost power to the Zoram People's Movement during the 2023 state assembly elections.

Role in the national elections

For the 2014 Lok Sabha elections, it formed an alliance called United Democratic Front with seven other parties including BJP, to contest the only seat in Mizoram.[16] The MNF has been part of the National Democratic Alliance since 2014[17][18]

Election results

Mizoram Legislative Assembly

style="background-color:Template:Party color; color:white" | Year style="background-color:Template:Party color; color:white" | Party leader style="background-color:Template:Party color; color:white" | Seats won style="background-color:Template:Party color; color:white" | Change in seats style="background-color:Template:Party color; color:white" | Vote % style="background-color:Template:Party color; color:white" | Vote swing style="background-color:Template:Party color; color:white" | Outcome
1987 Laldenga Template:Composition bar Increase 24 43.31% New Government
1989 Template:Composition bar Decrease 10 35.29% Decrease 8.02% Opposition
1993 Zoramthanga Template:Composition bar Steady 40.41% Increase 5.12% Opposition
1998 Template:Composition bar Increase 7 24.99% Decrease 15.42% Government
2003 Template:Composition bar Steady 31.69% Increase 6.70% Government
2008 Template:Composition bar Decrease 18 30.65% Decrease 1.04% Others
2013 Template:Composition bar Increase 2 28.65% Decrease 2.00% Opposition
2018 Template:Composition bar Increase 21 37.70% Increase 9.05% Government
2023 Template:Composition bar Decrease 16 35.10% Decrease 2.6% Opposition

List of Chief Ministers

File:The Chief Minister, Mizoram, Shri Zoramthanga calls on the Union Minister for Health & Family Welfare, Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss to discuss various issues related to Health in the State, in New Delhi on September 08, 2006 (cropped).jpg
Zoramthanga, Party President and former Chief Minister of Mizoram.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

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List of Chief Ministers of Mizoram
Name Tenure Length
Laldenga 21 August 1986 – 7 September 1988 Template:Age in years and days
Zoramthanga 3 December 1998 – 4 December 2003 15 years, 0 days
4 December 2003 – 11 December 2008
15 December 2018 – 5 December 2023

Current Party Officers

File:Mizo National Front Office.JPG
MNF Office

As of the latest party election in 2019, the officers are:[19]

Current Party Officers
Position Officer
President Zoramthanga
Senior Vice President Tawnluia
Vice Presidents Vanlalzawma and Lalthlengliana
Treasurer K. Vanlalauva

See also

References

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External links

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