Minamoto no Yoshitomo
Template:Short description Template:Family name hatnote Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".
Script error: No such module "Nihongo". (1123 – 11 February 1160) was the head of the Minamoto clan and a general of the late Heian period of Japanese history. His son Minamoto no Yoritomo became shōgun and founded the Kamakura shogunate, the first shogunate in the history of Japan.
His Dharma name was Shōjō Juin (Script error: No such module "Lang".).
Hōgen Rebellion
With the outbreak of the Hōgen Rebellion in 1156, the members of the Minamoto and Taira samurai clans were called into the conflict. Yoshitomo and Taira no Kiyomori both threw their support behind Emperor Go-Shirakawa and Fujiwara no Tadamichi, while Yoshitomo's father, Minamoto no Tameyoshi, sided with the retired Emperor Sutoku and Fujiwara no Yorinaga. Yoshitomo, defeating his father and the forces of Sutoku and Yorinaga, became head of the Minamoto clan and established himself as the main political power in the capital of Kyoto. However, despite attempts to have his father pardoned,[1]Template:Fcn he was forced to execute Tameyoshi personally.[2] In the aftermath of the rebellion, the Taira and Minamoto became two of the strongest and most influential clans in Japan, which turned the two clans into bitter rivals.[3]
Heiji Rebellion
In the first months of 1160 while Taira no Kiyomori was absent from the capital of Kyoto, Yoshitomo and Fujiwara no Nobuyori placed Go-Shirakawa under house arrest and killed his retainers, including the scholar Fujiwara no Michinori, in what is called the Heiji rebellion. The civil war wasn't to go on for very long as Kiyomori declared his support for the Emperor and rapidly defeated the rebel forces within the span of a month.[3]Template:Rp
While making his escape from Kyoto, Yoshitomo was forced to sacrifice his son Tomonaga to buy time. Even so, Yoshitomo was eventually betrayed and murdered while taking a bath. Three of his surviving sons, Yoritomo, Yoshitsune and Noriyori, were spared execution and exiled by the victorious Kiyomori. However, Yoshitomo's allies Yoshihira and Nobuyori were both executed.[4]
His grave in Aichi Prefecture is surrounded on all sides by wooden swords (bokuto), as by legend his last words were "If only I'd had a bokuto...".
Family
Yoshitomo fathered five sons in total. His two sons, Yoshihira and Tomonaga, lost their lives following the Minamoto Clan's defeat in the Heiji Rebellion in 1160. At the time of the outbreak of the Genpei War in 1180, Minamoto no Yoritomo was his eldest surviving son. His other two surviving sons were Minamoto no Noriyori and Minamoto no Yoshitsune.
- Father: Minamoto no Tameyoshi (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1096–1156)
- Mother: Daughter of Fujiwara no Tadakiyo (藤原忠清の娘)
- Wife: Yura Gozen (Script error: No such module "Lang"., ?–1159), "Urahime" (Script error: No such module "Lang".), daughter of Fujiwara no Suenori (Script error: No such module "Lang".).
- Concubine: Tokiwa Gozen (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1138–c.1180)
- 1st son: Minamoto no Yoshihira (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1140–1160)
- 2nd son: Minamoto no Tomonaga (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1144–1160)
- 3rd son: Minamoto no Yoritomo (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1147–1199)
- 4th son: Minamoto no Yoshikado (Script error: No such module "Lang"., ?–?)
- 5th son: Minamoto no Mareyoshi (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1152–1180 or 1182)
- 6th son: Minamoto no Noriyori (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1150–1193)
- 7th son: Ano Zenjō (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1153–1203)
- 8th son: Gien (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1155–1181)
- 9th son: Minamoto no Yoshitsune (Script error: No such module "Lang"., 1159–1189)
See also
Script error: No such module "Side box".
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Bibliography
- Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. London: Cassell & Co. page 60.
Script error: No such module "Authority control".