Milwaukee County, Wisconsin

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Milwaukee County (Template:IPAc-en) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 939,489 at the 2020 census.[1][2] It is both the most populous and most densely populated county in Wisconsin, containing about 15% of the state's population; it is also the 62nd-most populous county nationwide. The county seat is Milwaukee,[3] the most populous city in Wisconsin. Named after the Milwaukee River, the county was created in 1834 as part of Michigan Territory and organized the following year.[4] Milwaukee County is the most populous county of the Milwaukee metropolitan area, as well as of the Milwaukee–Racine–Waukesha combined statistical area.

Uniquely among Wisconsin counties, Milwaukee County is completely incorporated (i.e., no part of the county has the unincorporated "town" jurisdiction). There are 19 municipalities in Milwaukee County; 10 incorporated as cities and 9 incorporated as villages. After the city of Milwaukee, the most populous in 2020 were West Allis (60,325), Wauwatosa (48,387), Greenfield (37,803), Oak Creek (36,497), and Franklin (36,816). The county is home to two major-league professional sports teams, the Milwaukee Bucks and Milwaukee Brewers, and the world's largest music festival, Summerfest.

History

Portions of what is now Milwaukee County are known to have been inhabited by a number of Native American tribes, including the Sauk, Meskwaki or "Fox", Menomonee, Ojibwe and Potawotami, with elements of other tribes attested as well.[5]

In 1818, when the land later to be Wisconsin was made part of Michigan Territory, territorial governor Lewis Cass created Brown County, which at that time included all the land now part of Milwaukee County. It remained a part of Brown county until 1834, when Milwaukee County was created, including the area south of the line between townships eleven and twelve north (i.e., the northern boundary of Washington and Ozaukee counties), west of Lake Michigan, north of Illinois, and east of the line which now separates Green and Rock counties. This territory encompassed all of what are now Milwaukee, Jefferson, Kenosha, Ozaukee, Racine, Rock, Walworth, Washington, and Waukesha counties, as well as large parts of the present-day Columbia, Dane and Dodge counties.

Milwaukee County remained attached to Brown County for judicial purposes until August 25, 1835, when an act was passed by the Michigan territorial legislature giving it an independent organization. In 1836, the legislature divided the area south and east of the Wisconsin and Fox rivers into counties, as a consequence reducing Milwaukee County's extent to what is now Milwaukee and Waukesha counties. In 1846 Waukesha County was created by taking from Milwaukee all of the territory west of range 21, reducing Milwaukee County to its present boundaries.[6]

The county peaked in its relative importance in Wisconsin in the 1930s–1960s, when about 25% of the state's population resided in Milwaukee County. Its population has been shrinking since 1970.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (80%) is water.[7] It is the third-smallest county in Wisconsin by land area. It is watered by the Milwaukee, Menomonee, Kinnickinnic, and Root Rivers. The surface is undulating, and the soil calcareous and fertile.[8]

File:ISS030-E-223828.jpg
The city at the center is Milwaukee. The photo was taken at 11:23:40 PM CDT in 2012 during Expedition 30 at the International Space Station. Due to the angle of the photo, north points rightwards, and west upwards.

Adjacent counties

Climate

Milwaukee County
Climate chart (explanation)
Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header Template:Climate chart/month header
 
 
97
 
 
−4
−6
 
 
101
 
 
−6
−11
 
 
68
 
 
4
−5
 
 
165
 
 
11
3
 
 
111
 
 
11
3
 
 
138
 
 
15
9
 
 
100
 
 
22
16
 
 
95
 
 
24
14
 
 
67
 
 
19
14
 
 
92
 
 
14
8
 
 
64
 
 
8
2
 
 
78
 
 
2
−3
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: [9]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
3.8
 
 
25
21
 
 
4
 
 
21
12
 
 
2.7
 
 
39
23
 
 
6.5
 
 
52
37
 
 
4.4
 
 
52
37
 
 
5.4
 
 
59
48
 
 
3.9
 
 
72
61
 
 
3.7
 
 
75
57
 
 
2.6
 
 
66
57
 
 
3.6
 
 
57
46
 
 
2.5
 
 
46
36
 
 
3.1
 
 
36
27
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
185031,077—
186062,518Script error: No such module "String".%
187089,930Script error: No such module "String".%
1880138,537Script error: No such module "String".%
1890236,101Script error: No such module "String".%
1900330,017Script error: No such module "String".%
1910433,187Script error: No such module "String".%
1920539,449Script error: No such module "String".%
1930725,263Script error: No such module "String".%
1940766,885Script error: No such module "String".%
1950871,047Script error: No such module "String".%
19601,036,041Script error: No such module "String".%
19701,054,063Script error: No such module "String".%
1980964,988Script error: No such module "String".%
1990959,275Script error: No such module "String".%
2000940,164Script error: No such module "String".%
2010947,735Script error: No such module "String".%
2020939,489Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)924,740[10]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790–1960[12] 1900–1990[13]
1990–2000[14] 2010–2020[2] 2020 census[15]

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File:USA Milwaukee County, Wisconsin age pyramid.svg
2000 Census Age Pyramid for Milwaukee County

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Milwaukee County, Wisconsin – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[16] Pop 2010[17] Pop 2020[18] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 583,481 514,958 456,520 62.06% 54.34% 48.59%
Black or African American alone (NH) 228,471 248,794 240,416 24.30% 26.25% 25.59%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 5,735 5,212 3,878 0.61% 0.55% 0.41%
Asian alone (NH) 23,879 32,007 45,989 2.54% 3.38% 4.90%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) 324 296 262 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%
Other race alone (NH) 1,259 1,139 4,227 0.13% 0.12% 0.45%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 14,609 19,290 35,180 1.55% 2.04% 3.74%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 82,406 126,039 153,017 8.77% 13.30% 16.29%
Total 940,164 947,735 939,489 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2020 census

As of the census of 2020,[1] the population was 939,489. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 424,191 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county (including Hispanics in the racial counts) was 52.0% White, 26.2% Black or African American, 4.9% Asian, 0.8% Native American, 6.8% from other races, and 9.3% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 16.3% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

2010 census

As of the 2010 census,[19] there were 947,735 people, 383,591 households, and 221,019 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 418,053 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 60.6% White, 26.8% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 3.4% Asian, 0.003% Pacific Islander, 5.4% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. 13.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 383,591 households, of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 17.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.4% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the county, the age distribution was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 11.4% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.6 years. For every 100 females there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

2000 census

As of the 2000 census,[19] there were 940,164 people, 377,729 households and 225,126 families resided in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 400,093 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 65.6% White, 24.6% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 2.6% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 4.2% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. 8.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 25.0% were of German, 10.9% Polish and 5.3% Irish ancestry.

There were 377,729 households, of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.0% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the county, the age distribution was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, from 1980 to 2000, the residential pattern of Blacks versus Whites in Milwaukee County was the most segregated in the country.[20]

Birth related statistics

In 2017, there were 13,431 births, giving a general fertility rate of 63.8 births per 1000 women aged 15–44, which is slightly above the Wisconsin average of 60.1.[21] Additionally, there were 2,347 reported induced abortions performed on women of Milwaukee County residence, with a rate of 11.1 abortions per 1000 women aged 15–44, which is above the Wisconsin average rate of 5.2.[22]

Religious statistics

In 2010 statistics, the largest religious group in Milwaukee County was the Archdiocese of Milwaukee, with 199,153 Catholics worshipping at 80 parishes, followed by 32,340 non-denominational adherents with 126 congregations, 28,274 Missouri Synod Lutherans with 44 congregations, 23,043 ELCA Lutherans with 50 congregations, 20,416 Wisconsin Synod Lutherans with 45 congregations, 18,127 NBC Baptists with 27 congregations, 12,191 CoGiC Pentecostals with 28 congregations, 12,121 SBC Baptists with 32 congregations, 10,960 AoG Pentecostals with 20 congregations, and an estimated 9,156 Muslims with 8 congregations. Altogether, 46.4% of the population was claimed as members by religious congregations, although members of historically African-American denominations were underrepresented due to incomplete information.[23] In 2014, Milwaukee County had 483 religious organizations, the 48th most out of all 3,141 US counties.[24]

Government

Milwaukee County is governed through an eighteen-member Board of Supervisors and by an elected county executive. County supervisors, the county executive, and the county comptroller run in nonpartisan elections while other countywide officials, such as the district attorney and sheriff, run in partisan elections.

Office Officeholder Party
Executive David Crowley Template:Party shading/Nonpartisan| Nonpartisan
Comptroller Liz Sumner Template:Party shading/Nonpartisan| Nonpartisan
Sheriff Denita Ball style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Democratic
Clerk George Christenson style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Democratic
Treasurer David Cullen style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Democratic
Register of Deeds Israel Ramon style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Democratic
Clerk of Circuit Court Anna Hodges style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Democratic
District Attorney Kent Lovern style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Democratic

Politics

Like most urban counties, Milwaukee County is a Democratic stronghold, having voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in every election since 1960, and in all but four since 1912. Template:PresHead Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresFoot

However, there have been some notable exceptions. Former County Sheriff David Clarke, while repeatedly nominated and elected as a Democrat, was initially appointed by a Republican governor, stated that he considered himself nonpartisan, and espoused politically conservative positions. Former County Executive Scott Walker was a Republican member of the Wisconsin State Assembly before being elected county executive in a 2002 special election and elected to full terms in 2004 and 2008, though the office of county executive is nonpartisan. Former Governor Tommy Thompson, a Republican, won Milwaukee County in his 1994 and 1998 reelection campaigns—to date, the last time a statewide Republican candidate won the county.

In May 2019, the Milwaukee County executive became the first local government in the US to issue a declaration stating that racism constitutes a public health emergency.[25][26]

Transportation

Bus service in Milwaukee County is provided by the Milwaukee County Transit System, which operates almost 370 buses. The city of Milwaukee also operates The Hop tram system in the downtown area.

Airports

Railroads

Buses

Major highways

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Communities

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File:Milwaukee Skyline 2023.jpg
Milwaukee, Wisconsin's largest city

Cities

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Villages

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Former towns/neighborhoods

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Education

School districts include:[27]

K-12:

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Secondary:

Elementary:

Charter schools:

See also

References

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  5. ↑ Watrous, Jerome A. (ed.). Memoirs of Milwaukee County from the Earliest Historical Times Down to the Present. Madison, Wis.: Western Historical Association, 1909. Vol. 1; Vol. 2, pp. 28–37.
  6. ↑ Watrous, Jerome A. (ed.). Memoirs of Milwaukee County from the Earliest Historical Times Down to the Present. Madison, Wis.: Western Historical Association, 1909. Vol. 1; Vol. 2, pp. 45–46.
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Reported Induced Abortions in Wisconsin, Office of Health Informatics, Division of Public Health, Wisconsin Department of Health Services. Section: Trend Information, 2013–2017, Table 18, pages 17–18
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". – Text list

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External links

Template:Geographic Location

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