Metam sodium
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| Template:Longitem | C2H4NNaS2 |
| Molar mass | 129.18 g/mol |
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Metam sodium is an organosulfur compound with the formula Template:Chem2. The compound is a sodium salt of a dithiocarbamate. The compound exists as a colorless dihydrate, but most commonly it is encountered as an aqueous solution.[2] It is used as a soil fumigant, pesticide, herbicide, and fungicide. It is one of the most widely used pesticides in the United States, with approximately 60 million pounds used in 2001.[3]
Metam-sodium belongs to two HRAC groups, so it is designated Group A/C (Aus), Group A/C1 (global) and Group 1/5 (numeric).[4]
Preparation and properties
Metam sodium is prepared by combining methylamine, carbon disulfide, and sodium hydroxide:[2]
It also arises from the reaction of methyl isothiocyanate and sodium thiolate.[1]
Upon exposure to the environment, metam sodium decomposes to methyl isothiocyanate and other sulfur compounds.[5]
Safety and environmental considerations
Metam sodium is nonpersistent in the environment since it decomposes rather quickly to toxic methyl isothiocyanate and carbon disulfide.[5] In 1991 a tank car with 19,000 gallons of a metam sodium based pesticide spilled into Sacramento River above Lake Shasta. This killed all fish in a 41-mile stretch of the river. 20 years later the rainbow trout population had recovered.[6]
See also
- Zineb - A related dithiocarbamate salt which is also used as a fungicide
References
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- ↑ a b Merck Index, 11th Edition, 5860.
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- ↑ 2000-2001 Pesticide Market Estimates Template:Webarchive, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
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