Malva Schalek
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Malva Schalek, aka Malvina Schalková (18 February 1882 – 24 May 1944[1] or 24 March 1945[2]), was a Czech-Jewish painter. Trained in Prague, she went on to work in Vienna as a painter. From 1942 to 1944 she was imprisoned in the Theresienstadt concentration camp. In 1944 she was moved to the Auschwitz concentration camp, where she was murdered. Many of her works are held in the Ghetto Fighters' House in Israel.
Life
Malva Schalek was born in Prague to a German-speaking Jewish intellectual family active in the Czech national movement.[3] She went to school in Prague, Vrchlabi (Hohenelbe), and studied art, first at the Frauenakademie in Munich and then privately in Vienna. She earned her living as a painter in Vienna, in her studio above the Theater an der Wien, until July 1938, when she was forced to flee from the Nazis, leaving her paintings behind. Only some 30 works from this period have been recovered; two were found in the Template:Ill.[4]
Schalek was deported to the Terezin (Theresienstadt) ghetto in February 1942, where she produced more than 100 drawings and watercolors portraying fellow inmates and their life there. Because of her refusal to portray a collaborationist doctor, she was deported to Auschwitz on 18 May 1944, where she was murdered.[2][1]
Work
Her work, especially her drawings of the camp at Theresienstadt, is characterized by a sober realism. These drawings have been described by Tom L. Freudenheim, director of the Baltimore Museum of Art, as "perhaps the finest and most complete artistic oeuvre to survive the Holocaust."[1] Recovered after the liberation, most are in the art collection of the Ghetto Fighters' House museum at kibbutz Lohamei HaGeta'ot in Israel.
References
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Further reading
- Spiritual Resistance: Art from Concentration Camps, 1940-1945: a Selection of Drawings and Paintings from the Collection of Kibbutz Lohamei Haghetaot, Israel, with essays by Miriam Novitch, Lucy S. Dawidowicz, and Tom L. Freudenheim. Union of American Hebrew Congregations, Jewish Publication Society of America, Baltimore Museum of Art, 1981 Template:ISBN, 9780807401576
- Heinrich Fuchs, Die österreichischen Maler der Geburtsjahrgänge 1881-1900. Heinrich Fuchs, Selbstverl., 1977
- Pnina Rosenberg, Images and Reflections: Women in the Art of the Holocaust (exhibition catalogue) Israel: Beit Lohamei Haghetaot, Spring 2002
- Catherine Stodolsky, Die gebürtige Pragerin Malvina Schalek. Theresienstädter Studien und Dokumente 10 (2003): 145-161.
External links
- Pages with script errors
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- 1882 births
- 1944 deaths
- Painters from Prague
- Czech Jews who died in the Holocaust
- Czech people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp
- Jewish painters
- Czech painters
- Czech women painters
- Theresienstadt Ghetto prisoners
- Czechoslovak civilians killed in World War II
- 20th-century Czech women artists
- 20th-century Czech artists
- Jewish women artists