Magnesium aspartate
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Magnesium aspartate is a magnesium salt of L-aspartic acid, an amino acid, with the chemical formula Template:Chem2. It is used as a mineral supplement, and as an ingredient in manufacturing of cosmetics and household products.[1][2]
As magnesium is an essential micronutrient,[3] the use of magnesium aspartate as a supplement is intended to increase magnesium levels in the body.[4][5] It is primarily used as a dietary supplement to address magnesium deficiency and is an ingredient in cosmetics and personal care products as a buffering agent.[6] Magnesium aspartate is investigated for its potential in managing conditions such as chronic fatigue, cardiac surgery electrolyte balance, and other magnesium deficiency-related disorders, though it is not approved as a standalone medical treatment in major jurisdictions like the United States or European Union.[7][8]
Bioavailability
Absorption of magnesium from different preparations of magnesium supplements varies, with some studies indicating that magnesium in the aspartate (and several other) forms has more complete absorption than magnesium oxide and magnesium citrate forms.[4]
In its evaluation in 2005, a scientific panel of the European Food Safety Authority concluded that the bioavailability of magnesium L-aspartate was similar to that from other organic magnesium salts and the more soluble inorganic magnesium salts.[9] Overall, it was concluded that organic salts of magnesium have the greatest water solubility and demonstrate a greater oral absorption and bioavailability compared to less soluble magnesium preparations such as magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and magnesium sulfate.[10]
Chemical structure and properties
Magnesium aspartate is a compound formed by the combination of the divalent magnesium cation (Mg2+) and the aspartate. The chemical formula for this compound is quoted as "Template:Chem2",[2][11] but detailed chemical analysis reveals a more complicated formula that also includes water bonded to the magnesium.[12]
Supplemental use
Magnesium deficiency is unlikely to occur from low dietary intake because magnesium is abundant in the food supply and the kidneys restrict its excretion via the urine.[3] Long-term deficiency of magnesium may result from chronic alcoholism or some prescription drugs.[3] Signs of deficiency that may require magnesium supplementation include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weakness.[3]
Dosage
| Age | Male | Female | Pregnancy | Lactation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth to 6 months | 30 mg* | 30 mg* | ||
| 7–12 months | 75 mg* | 75 mg* | ||
| 1–3 years | 80 mg | 80 mg | ||
| 4–8 years | 130 mg | 130 mg | ||
| 9–13 years | 240 mg | 240 mg | ||
| 14–18 years | 410 mg | 360 mg | 400 mg | 360 mg |
| 19–30 years | 400 mg | 310 mg | 350 mg | 310 mg |
| 31–50 years | 420 mg | 320 mg | 360 mg | 320 mg |
| 51+ years | 420 mg | 320 mg |
- Adequate Intake (AI)
Magnesium supplements and other magnesium containing products, such as antacids, can bind with prescription medicines, reducing their effectiveness.[3]
Safety
Adverse effects from magnesium occurring naturally in food have not been described.[4] However, excessive magnesium supplementation causes diarrhea — a side effect used by prescription as a laxative.[3][4] Individuals with kidney disease have higher risk for adverse effects with magnesium supplementation.[3][4] Excessive magnesium supplementation may cause a fall in blood pressure.[3][4]
See also
References
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External links
- Magnesium in the diet - MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine, January 2023
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