Maai

, translating simply to "interval", is a Japanese martial arts term referring to the space between two opponents in combat; formally, the "engagement distance".

The concept of incorporates not just the distance between opponents, but also the time taken to cross the distance and the angle and rhythm of attack; collectively, these all factor in to the exact position from which one opponent can strike the other. For example, a faster opponent's is further away than a slower opponent.

It is ideal for one opponent to maintain while preventing the other from doing so, meaning that they can strike before the opponent can, rather than both striking simultaneously, or being struck without the ability to strike back.

Types

In kendo, has a more specific interpretation. In physical terms, it pertains to the distance maintained between two opponents. When is interpreted as the actual distance between opponents, there are three types:

1. — long distance
2. — one-foot-one-sword distance, also called (middle distance)
3. — short distance

is the distance equaling a single step to make one strike. It measures about two metres between opponents and either one of them only needs to advance a single step in order to strike the other. Normally, most techniques are initiated at this distance. is the distance narrower than (short/close distance), and is greater (long/far distance). At , there is a small margin of time to allow for a reaction to be made against an opponent's attack. However, at , there exists almost no margin at all, so that at this distance one's attention must remain constantly alert and unbroken.

Timing

In terms of time, pertains to the momentary lapses of awareness that are manifested in the opponent's mind. Extended further, it also embraces the concept of (emptiness-fullness of ). These momentary lapses of mind, and , are known as the (mental interval). The implication of is that although the physical distance between opponents may be mutually advantageous, the mental interval possessed by individuals will determine who will have the decisive advantage.

External links

• The Kendo Reader (PDF)