Lophophora
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "For". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Automatic taxobox
Lophophora (Template:IPAc-en)Script error: No such module "Unsubst". is a genus of spineless, button-like cacti. Its native range covers Texas through Mexico to southwestern Mexico.[1] The species are extremely slow growing, sometimes taking up to thirty years to reach flowering age (at the size of about a golf ball, excluding the root) in the wild.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Cultivated specimens grow considerably faster, usually taking between three and ten years to reach from seedling to mature flowering adult.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The slow rate of reproduction and over-harvesting by collectors render the species under threat in the wild.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Taxonomy
Lophophora means "crest-bearing", referring to the tufts of trichomes that adorn each tubercle. Lophophora has been reported to have two species, L. diffusa and L. williamsii. Another three species have been proposedScript error: No such module "Unsubst".: L. fricii, L. koehresii, and L. alberto-vojtechii.[2] Recent DNA sequencing studies (Butterworth et al. 2002) have shown that L. diffusa and L. williamsii indeed are distinct species. DNA evidence from the alleged species L. fricii and L. koehresii would allow for more accurate classification.[3]
Species
| Image | Scientific Name | Description | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Lophophora alberto-vojtechii.jpg | Lophophora alberto-vojtechii Bohata, Myšák & ŠnicerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Plants have gray green stems, typically reaching up to 2 cm in diameter | Mexico (San Luis Potosí) |
| File:Lophophoradiffusa1.jpg | Lophophora diffusa (Croizat) BravoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | The plants are yellow-green, usually lacking well-defined ribs and furrows. The podaria are rarely elevated, but are broad and flat. The tufts of hair are usually spread unequally on the prominent podaria. The flowers are commonly whitish to yellowish-white. This species contains zero to trace amounts of mescaline; pellotine is the principal alkaloid. | south end of the range of the genus in Querétaro state, Mexico |
| Lophophora fricii Haberm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Mexico Northeast | ||
| File:Lophophora williamsii.jpg | Lophophora williamsii (Lemaire ex Salm-Dyck) J.M.Coult.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | The plants are blue-green, usually with well-defined ribs and furrows. The tufts of hair are usually equally spaced on the ribs. The flowers are pinkish or rarely whitish. The mescaline content in dried "Peyote" can reach almost 7%.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". | the full range of the genus except in Querétaro state, Mexico |
Cultivation
Lophophora species easily adapt to cultivation, requiring warm conditions and a free-draining substrate, and to be kept dry in winter.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ C. A. Butterworth & J. H. Cota-Sanchez, & R. S. Wallace (2002), ”Molecular systematics of Tribe Cacteae (Cactaceae: Cactoideae): A phylogeny based on rpl16 intron sequence variation”, Systematic Botany 27 (2), 257-270.
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Edward F. Anderson, The Cactus Family (Timber Press, 2001) Template:ISBN, pp. 396–397
- Edward F. Anderson, Peyote: The Divine Cactus (University of Arizona Press; 2nd edition, 1996) Template:ISBN
- Lyman Benson, Cacti of the United States and Canada (Stanford University Press, 1983) Template:ISBN, pp. 680–683
- John M. Coulter, Preliminary revision of the North American species of Cactus, Anhalonium, and Lophophora (Contributions from the U. S. National Herbarium 3(2), 1894)
- Rudolf Grym, Rod/Die Gattung Lophophora (Vydavateľstvo Igor Dráb, 1997) Template:ISBN