Elections in Kerala
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Elections in Kerala are regularly held to appoint government officials at various levels, both within the state of Kerala and in India as a whole. These elections encompass national elections as well as regional elections for local bodies and panchayats.
The Kerala Assembly has the authority to enact laws concerning the conduct of local body elections independently. However, any modifications made by the state legislature to the procedures of state-level elections require approval from the Parliament of India. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to Article 356 of the Indian Constitution and President's rule may be imposed.
State Election Commission prepares the electoral rolls of Panchayats, Municipalities and Municipal Corporation and conduct their elections. The State Election Commissioner is also the Chairman of the Delimitation Commission.[1]
Types of elections
Elections in Kerala include elections for:
- Members of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha (Upper House)
- Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (Lower House)
- Members of the Kerala Legislative Assembly (State Assembly)
- Members of local governance bodies (municipal bodies and panchayats)
- A by-election is held when the seat-holder of a particular constituency dies, resigns, or is disqualified.
Loksabha elections
Members of parliament in the Lok Sabha (Lower House) from Kerala are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of Kerala can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the Lok Sabha elections are called "Members of Parliament" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the president of India on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chamber of the Sansad Bhavan in New Delhi on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of India. Elections take place once every five years to elect 20 members from Kerala.[2] The leader of the majority party or alliance in the country takes oath as prime minister of India. Indian General Elections in Kerala has been mainly contested between two political parties since the formation of the state. The Indian National Congress which currently leads United Democratic Front (UDF) alliance and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) which currently leads Left Democratic Front (LDF) alliance. The Indian National Congress has been in lead, 11 out of 16 election from 1957 in Kerala.
The elections for both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are conducted by the Election Commission of India (ECI).
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Party Wise Results
| Lok Sabha | Election Year | 1st Party | 2nd Party | 3rd Party | 4th Party | Others | Total Seats | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2nd Lok Sabha | 1957 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 9 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 6 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | PSP 1 | Ind 2 | 18 | ||
| 3rd Lok Sabha | 1962 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 6 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 5 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | RSP 1 | Ind 3 | 17 |
| 4th Lok Sabha | 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 9 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 3 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | SSP 3 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | INC 1, Ind 1 | 19 |
| 5th Lok Sabha | 1971 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC(R) 6 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 3 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC 3 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 2 | RSP 2, IUML 2, Ind 1 | 19 |
| 6th Lok Sabha | 1977 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 9 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 4 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC 2 | IC (S) 1, RSP 1 | 19 |
| 7th Lok Sabha | 1980 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 6 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC (I) 4 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | INC (U) 3 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 2 | IUML 2, KC 2, Ind 1 | 20 |
| 8th Lok Sabha | 1984 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 13 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC (J) 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 1 | IC (S) 1, JP 1, | 20 |
| 9th Lok Sabha | 1989 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 14 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC (M) 1 | IC (S) 1 | 20 |
| 10th Lok Sabha | 1991 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 13 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 3 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC (M) 1 | IC (S) 1 | 20 |
| 11th Lok Sabha | 1996 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 7 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 5 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | JD 1, KC (M) 1, RSP 1, Ind 1 | 20 |
| 12th Lok Sabha | 1998 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 8 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 4 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | KC (M) 1, RSP 1, Ind 2 | 20 |
| 13th Lok Sabha | 1999 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 8 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 4 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC(M) 1 | KC 1 | 20 |
| 14th Lok Sabha | 2004 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 12 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 3 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 1 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC(J) 1 | IFDP 1, JD(S) 1, Ind 1 | 20 |
| 15th Lok Sabha | 2009 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 13 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 4 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | KC(M) 1 | – | 20 |
| 16th Lok Sabha | 2014 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 8 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 7 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI 1 | KC 1, RSP 1 | 20 |
| 17th Lok Sabha | 2019 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 15 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 1 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | RSP 1 | KC(M) 1 | 20 |
| 18th Lok Sabha | 2024 | style="background-color: Template:Party color"| | INC 14 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | IUML 2 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | CPI(M) 1 | style="background-color:Template:Party color"| | BJP 1 | RSP 1, KC 1 | 20 |
Alliance Wise Results
| Year | Lok Sabha Election | 1st Alliance | Seats won | 2nd Alliance | Seats won | Other parties | Seats won | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1957 | 2nd | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | CPI | 9 | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | INC | 6 | PSP/Independents | 1 / 2 |
| 1962 | 3rd | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | INC/PSP/IUML | 8 | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | CPI | 6 | RSP/ Independents | 1 / 3 |
| 1967 | 4th | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | United Front | 17 | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | INC | 1 | Independents | 1 |
| 1971 | 5th | rowspan=2 style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | United Front | 16 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | CPI(M) | 2 | 1 | |
| 1977 | 6th | 20 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| 1980 | 7th | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | LDF | 12 | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | UDF | 8 | 0 | |
| 1984 | 8th | rowspan="6" style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | UDF | 18 | rowspan="6" style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | LDF | 2 | 0 | |
| 1989 | 9th | 17 | 3 | 0 | |||||
| 1991 | 10th | 15 | 5 | 0 | |||||
| 1996 | 11th | 10 | 10 | 0 | |||||
| 1998 | 12th | 11 | 9 | 0 | |||||
| 1999 | 13th | 11 | 9 | 0 | |||||
| 2004 | 14th | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | LDF | 18 | style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | UDF | 1 | NDA | 1 |
| 2009 | 15th | rowspan="4" style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | UDF | 16 | rowspan="4" style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | LDF | 4 | 0 | |
| 2014 | 16th | 12 | 8 | 0 | |||||
| 2019 | 17th | 19 | 1 | 0 | |||||
| 2024 | 18th | 18 | 1 | NDA | 1 | ||||
State Legislative Assembly Elections
Members of the Kerala Legislative Assembly are directly elected by being voted upon by all adult citizens of the state from a set of candidates who stand in their respective constituencies. Every adult citizen of Kerala can vote only in their constituency. Candidates who win the legislative assembly elections are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly" and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the governor of Kerala on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Assembly Chamber of the Chief Secretariat in Thiruvananthapuram on matters relating to the creation of new laws or removing or improving the existing laws that affect all citizens of Kerala. Elections take place once every five years to elect 140 members to the legislative assembly. The leader of the majority party or alliance takes oath as chief minister of Kerala.
Party wise election results
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