Llŷr
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "For". Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Wikidata imageTemplate:Compare image with Wikidata Llŷr (Template:Langx (Script error: No such module "IPA".); Script error: No such module "Lang". meaning 'half-speech'[1] or 'half-language'[2]) is a figure in Welsh mythology, probably originally a deity, probably derived from Irish Ler ('the Sea'), father of Manannán mac Lir.[3] Other than his progeny and odd tidbits, his identity remains obscure.
Llŷr appears as the father of Brân, Brânwen and Manawydan by Penarddun in the Branwen, Daughter of Llyr, the Second Branch of the Mabinogi.[4]
The Welsh Triads states that Llŷr was imprisoned by Euroswydd,[5] and presumably, Penarddun subsequently married Euroswydd,[6] giving birth by Euroswydd to her two younger sons, Nisien and Efnisien, as stated in the Second Branch.[4]
William Shakespeare's play King Lear is based on material taken secondhand (through Raphael Holinshed) from Geoffrey of Monmouth's mythical king King Leir, who has often been connected, but is likely unrelated, to Llŷr.[7]
The House of Llŷr
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(*) Unbordered names are figures not in Llŷr's line of descent, though perhaps members of the extended family.
(*) This stemma is subject to further elaboration. If the Beli above is to be equated with Beli Mawr then Caswallawn stands as Penarddun's sibling. But Bromwich observes that Penarddun should be emended to being the sister of Beli, which would bring consistency with statement elsewhere that Caswallawn and Brân are cousins.[8]
Collectively, Llŷr's children are Children of Darkness, as opposed to Dôn's Children of Light.[9]
See also
- The House of Dôn
Notes
References
- (Dictionaries)
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1"., p. 301, under "Llŷr".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- The New Companion to the Literature of Wales, Meic Stevens.
- (Texts)
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- Gantz, Jeffrey (translator) (1987). The Mabinogion. New York: Penguin. Template:ISBN.
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Template:Celtic mythology (Welsh) Template:King Lear Template:Geoffrey of Monmouth Template:Authority control
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., triads #8 and #52
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., "Llŷr is often assumed to be borrowed from the Irish Lir, the patronym of the sea-god Manannán
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Footnotes".: "Bendigeidfran son of Llŷr was crowned king. His two brothers on the mother's side (Nisien and Efnisien) were sons of Euroswydd by his mother Penarddun."
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., triad #52
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes". Celt. Enc. vol. 4, p. 930, "Penarddun then married Euroswydd and bore his children Nissyen and Evnissyen"
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., "Many trace Shakespear's.. Lear to Llŷr, but the route is tortuous; Shakespeare drew from Holinshed's Chronicles (1577)", etc.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., endnotes, p.284- on "Bran Vendigeit m. Llyr".
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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