Living stump
A living stump is created when a live tree is cut, burned, eaten, or infected, causing its cambium to die above the root system.
Living stumps are generally characterized as having a thin outer layer of living cells that surround a hollow central cavity. [1]
Living stumps can survive for several years by
- using excess carbon reserves,
- transfer of nutrients from the roots of neighbouring trees, often aided by mycorrhiza[2] or
- root grafting to the root system of living trees.
Root grafting allows for carbon transfer from living trees to living stumps resulting in incremental cambium growth in the stump.[3]
Stumps can grow a callus tissue over its cross section which prolongs longevity of the stump by protecting it from infection and insect damage.[4] A living stump which is capable of producing sprouts or cuttings is known as a stool, and is used in the coppicing method of woodland management.[5]
Common examples
- Pinus strobus (white pine)
- Castanea dentata (American chestnut)
- Tsuga spp. (hemlock)
- Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir)
- Cedrus spp. (cedar)
References
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- ↑ Crist, John B.; Mattson, James A.; Winsauer, Sharon A. 1983. Effect of severing method and stump height on coppice growth. In: Hansen, Edward A., ed. Intensive plantation culture: 12 years research. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-91. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station: 58-6; retrieved on 2008-05-10 from www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/18839.
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