Lithium tetrafluoroborate
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| Template:Longitem | LiBF4 |
| Molar mass | 93.746 g/mol |
| Appearance | White/grey crystalline solid |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 0.852 g/cm3 solid |
| Melting point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Boiling point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Template:Longitem | Tetrafluoroborate, |
| Template:Longitem | Nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate |
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Lithium tetrafluoroborate is an inorganic compound with the formula LiBF4. It is a white crystalline powder. It has been extensively tested for use in commercial secondary batteries, an application that exploits its high solubility in nonpolar solvents.[2]
Applications
Although BF4− has high ionic mobility, solutions of its Li+ salt are less conductive than other less associated salts.[2] As an electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries, LiBF4 offers some advantages relative to the more common LiPF6. It exhibits greater thermal stability[3] and moisture tolerance.[4] For example, LiBF4 can tolerate a moisture content up to 620 ppm at room temperature whereas LiPF6 readily hydrolyzes into toxic POF3 and HF gases, often destroying the battery's electrode materials. Disadvantages of the electrolyte include a relatively low conductivity and difficulties forming a stable solid electrolyte interface with graphite electrodes.
Thermal stability
Because LiBF4 and other alkali-metal salts thermally decompose to evolve boron trifluoride, the salt is commonly used as a convenient source of the chemical at the laboratory scale:[5]
Production
LiBF4 is a byproduct in the industrial synthesis of diborane:[5][6]
LiBF4 can also be synthesized from LiF and BF3 in an appropriate solvent that is resistant to fluorination by BF3 (e.g. HF, BrF3, or liquified SO2):[5]
- LiF + BF3 → LiBF4
References
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- ↑ GFS-CHEMICALS Template:Webarchive
- ↑ a b Xu, Kang. "Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries."Chemical Reviews 2004, volume 104, pp. 4303-418. Script error: No such module "CS1 identifiers".
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