List of wars involving Italy

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates This is a list of wars involving the Italian Republic and its predecessor states since the Italian wars of independence in the 19th century, but does not include wars fought by the historic states of Italy. The result of these conflicts follows this legend:

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*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Italy, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.

Italian Wars of Unification

The Risorgimento movement emerged to unite Italy in the 19th century. The Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia took the lead in a series of wars to liberate Italy from foreign control. Following three Wars of Italian Independence against the Habsburg Austrians in the north, the Expedition of the Thousand against the Bourbons of the Two Sicilies in the south, and the Capture of Rome, the unification of the country was completed in 1871 when Rome was declared capital of Italy.

Start	Finish	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			Combatant 1	Combatant 2
1848	1849	First Italian War of Independence	File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Kingdom of Sardinia File:Italy cockade.svg Italian Volunteer Army Supported by: File:Flag of Italy with inscription «Italia libera Dio lo vuole».svg Provisional Government of Milan File:Flag of the Republic of Venice 1848–49.svg Republic of San Marco File:Flag of the Papal States (1808-1870).svg Papal States File:Flag of Sicilian Kingdom 1848.svg Kingdom of Sicily File:State Flag of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1848-1849).svg Grand Duchy of Tuscany File:Flag of Italy.svg Duchy of Modena and Reggio File:Flag of Italy.svg Duchy of Parma and Piacenza File:Flag of the Roman Republic (19th century).svg Roman Republic	Template:Flagicon Austrian Empire File:Flag of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia.svg Lombardy–Venetia Template:Flagicon French Republic File:Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816).svg Kingdom of Two Sicilies File:Flag of the Papal States (1808-1870).svg Papal States File:Flag of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1840).svg Grand Duchy of Tuscany	Austrian-French Victory
1853	1856	Crimean War	Template:Flagdeco France Ottoman Empire Egypt Tunis Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn Template:Flagicon SardiniaTemplate:Efn Supported by: Austrian Empire Caucasus ImamateTemplate:Efn Circassia AbkhaziaTemplate:Efn	Template:Flagicon Russian Empire border=no Mingrelia Kurdish rebels Template:Flagicon GreeceTemplate:Efn	Allied Victory Treaty of Paris
1859	1859	Second Italian War of Independence	Template:Flagicon French Empire Template:Flagdeco Kingdom of Sardinia Support: File:Flag of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia (1859 - 1862).svg United Principalities	Template:Flagicon Austrian Empire File:Flag of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia.svg Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia	Italian Victory, Armistice of Villafranca (12 July 1859) Sardinia annexed Lombardy from Austria. Sardinia occupied and later annexed Habsburg-ruled Tuscany and Emilia. France gains Savoy and Nice from Sardinia.
1860	1861	Expedition of the Thousand	Template:Flagicon Sardinia	Two Sicilies Supported by Template:Flagicon Papal States Template:Flagicon France Spain	Italian Victory: Sicily, Southern Italy, Marche and Umbria annexed by Sardinia Collapse of Two Sicilies Foundation of the Kingdom of Italy
1861	1865	Brigandage in Southern Italy	Template:Flagcountry	Southern Italian Briganti File:Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816).svg Bourbon legitimists Spanish partisans	Italian Victory
1866	1866	Third Italian War of Independence	Template:Flagcountry	Austrian Empire	Italian Victory: Armistice of Cormons and Treaty of Vienna: Kingdom of Italy annexes Venetia and Friuli.
1866	1866	The Seven and a Half Days Revolt	Template:Flagcountry	Palermitan Rebels	Italian Victory, rebellion suppressed
1870	1870	Capture of Rome	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Country data Papal States	Italian Victory, Kingdom of Italy incorporates the Papal States.

Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)

Start	Finish	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			Combatant 1	Combatant 2
1885	1895	Eritrean war	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagcountry Mahdist Sudan Eritrean rebels	Italian Victory Treaty of Wuchale ends the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889, establishment of Italian Eritrea; defence and consolidation of the colony in the 1890s
1890	1894	Mahdist War	Template:Flagcountry United Kingdom	Mahdist Sudan	Italian Victory All Sudanese invasions repulsed Italians take Kassala
1895	1896	First Italo-Ethiopian War	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagcountry	Ethiopian Victory Ethiopia recognised as independent country by Italy. Italy abrogates the Treaty of Wuchale with the establishment of a corridor between Eritrea and Italian Somaliland
1890s	1908	Benadir war	Template:Flagcountry	Bimaal and other groups Template:Flagcountry Dervish movement	Italian Victory Establishment of Italian Somaliland Suppression of the Bimaal revolt
1897	1898	Cretan Revolt (1897–1898) (International Squadron (Cretan intervention, 1897–1898))	File:Arkadi Cretan flag.svg Cretan revolutionaries File:State Flag of Greece (1863-1924 and 1935-1973).svg Kingdom of Greece Template:Country data British Empire Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagicon Italy Russian Empire Austria-Hungary (until April 12, 1898) German Empire (until March 16th, 1898)	Ottoman Empire	Italian Victory Cretan State established through the intervention of the great powers of Europe Withdraw of Ottoman forces from Crete.
1899	1901	Boxer Rebellion	Template:Flagicon United Kingdom Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagicon France United States Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Austria-Hungary	Righteous Harmony Society	Italian Allied Victory, Boxer Protocol: Anti-foreign societies banned in China. Italy obtains the Italian concession of Tientsin
1900	1920	Somaliland Campaign	Template:Flagcountry United Kingdom	Dervish movement Template:Country data Ethiopian Empire	Italian-British Victory Collapse of the Dervish state
1902	1903	Venezuelan naval blockade	Template:Flagicon United Kingdom Template:Flagicon Germany Template:Flagicon Italy	Template:Flagicon Venezuela	Inconclusive/Other Outcome Venezuelan debt dispute resolved
1911	1912	Italo-Turkish War	Template:Flagcountry	Ottoman Empire	Italian Victory: Italy gains Tripolitania, Cyrenaica, Fezzan and the Dodecanese Islands.
1914	1918	World War I	Allied Powers France Template:Country data British Empire United Kingdom Canada Newfoundland Australia New Zealand India Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry United States Template:Flagcountry Japan Template:Country data Republic of China (1912–1949) Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Belgium Template:Flagcountry Portugal Brazil	Central Powers Template:Flagcountry Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Template:Flagcountry	Italian Allied Victory: Destruction of the Austro-Hungarian Empire Annexation of Trentino-Alto Adige, Gorizia and Gradisca, Istria, Trieste, Zara and the Julian March to the Kingdom of Italy. Armistice of Villa Giusti Treaty of Versailles: German demobilisation Russia pulls out in 1917 Russian Civil War Creation of the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin Rises to power Creation of League of Nations
1918	1920	Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War	Template:Flagicon White Movement Template:Country data British Empire United Kingdom Canada Australia India Template:Flagcountry United States Template:Flagicon France Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Czechoslovakia Template:Flagcountry Estonia Serbia Template:Country data Second Polish Republic Template:Country data Kingdom of Romania Template:Country data Republic of China (1912–1949)	Template:Country data Russian SFSR Template:Country data Far Eastern Republic Latvian SSR Ukrainian SSR Commune of Estonia Mongolian Communists	Bolshevik Victory: White Army defeated Allied withdrawal from Russia Soviet Union new Russian Power
1918	1923	Occupation of Constantinople	Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry	Ottoman Empire	Temporary occupation Constantinople Military occupation by the United Kingdom, followed by France and Italy, then abandoned. Britain officially dismantled the Ottoman Empire parliament on 16 March 1920 and restored it on 9 September 1922 to the Ankara Government
1919	1923	Turkish War of Independence	Ottoman Empire Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry	Italian Allied Victory Treaty of Lausanne
1920	1920	Vlora War	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagicon Principality of Albania	Compromise agreement Italy voluntarily abandons Vlora, but annexes the island of Saseno. Italy abandons plans to establish a mandate over Albania, but retains diplomatic protection over the country to guarantee its special interests.
1920	1920	Bloody Christmas	Template:Flagcountry	Italian Regency of Carnaro	Italian Victory: Expulsion of D'Annunzio's forces. Conquest of the Italian Regency of Carnaro. Independence of the Free State of Fiume.
1923	1932	Pacification of Libya	Template:Flagcountry	Senussi Order	Italian Victory: Stabilization of Italian rule in Libya. Ethnic cleansing of the Cyrenaican indigenous population. Mass deaths of Cyrenaican indigenous civilians.
1924	1927	Pacification of Italian Somaliland	Template:Flagcountry	Sultanate of Hobyo Majeerteen Sultanate Somali rebels	Italian Victory: Pacification of Somalia The independent Majeerteen Sultanate is suppressed in 1927, finalizing the Italian occupation of Somalia.
1935	1937	Second Italo-Abyssinian War	Template:Flagcountry Coat of arms of Italian Eritrea Italian Eritrea Coat of arms of Italian Somaliland Italian Somaliland	Template:Country data Ethiopian Empire	Italian Victory: Debellation of Ethiopia, foundation of Italian East Africa.
1936	1939	Spanish Civil War	Template:Flagicon Nationalist Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagdeco Portugal Foreign volunteers	Template:Flagicon Republican Foreign volunteers Soviet Union (1936–1938) Mexico	Italian Allied Victory Defeat of the Second Spanish Republic Beginning of Franco's dictatorship
1939	1939	Invasion of Albania	Template:Flagcountry	Albania	Italian Victory, Italian occupation of Albania.
1939	1945	World War II Italian Resistance (1943-1945) Italian Civil War	Axis Powers Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry (until 1943) Template:Country data Italian Social Republic (from 23 Sep. 1943) Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry (until 1944) Template:Flagcountry (until 1944) Serbia (until 1944) Template:Country data Slovak Republic (1939–1945) Template:Country data Independent State of Croatia Finland (until 1944) Vichy France Thailand Manchukuo Mengjiang	Allied Powers United States Soviet Union United Kingdom Template:Country data Republic of China (1912–1949) Template:Flagicon France Template:Flagicon Poland Canada Australia New Zealand India Template:Flagcountry Template:Country data Democratic Federal Yugoslavia Template:Flagcountry Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Czechoslovakia Brazil Mexico Template:Country data Ethiopian Empire Template:Flagcountry (from 1943) Template:Flagcountry (from 1944) Template:Flagcountry (from 1944) Template:Flagcountry (from 1944)	'United Nations' Allied victory: Kingdom of Italy signs the Armistice of Cassibile, declares war on Germany and becomes a co-belligerent of the Allies in 1943. Nazi Germany, along with the collaborationist regime of the Italian Social Republic, is defeated in the 1943-1945 Italian Campaign by the Allies and the Italian Resistance; an aspect of this conflict is the Italian civil war. Italy signs the Treaty of Paris. It is forced to cede Istria, Zara and most of the Julian March to Jugoslavia, Brigue and Tende to France, as well as losing all its colonies and part of its surviving fleet, and paying reparations to several countries.

Italian Republic (1946–present)

Start	Finish	Name of Conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			Combatant 1	Combatant 2
1960	1964	ONUC	United Nations	Various armed groups	Italian Allied Victory Stabilization of Congo's security
1982	1984	Multinational Force in Lebanon	Italy United States France United Kingdom	Islamic Jihad Organization Template:Flagicon Iran Syria Progressive Socialist Party Amal Movement	Syrian Allied Victory Multinational forces fail to prevent collapse of Lebanese Army into sectarian militias. Multinational forces evacuated after the US embassy and US Marine barracks are bombed by the Islamic Jihad Organization. Multinational forces oversee withdrawal of Palestine Liberation Organization. Civil war continues until 1990. Syrian occupation continues until 2005.
1991	1991	Gulf War Operazione Locusta	Kuwait United States Saudi Arabia France Egypt Syria United Kingdom Italy Other Allies	Iraq	Italian Allied Victory Kuwait regains its independence
1992	1995	Bosnian War	Template:Flagicon Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Belgium Canada Denmark France Germany Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States	Republika Srpska	Italian Allied Victory Dayton Accords Internal partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to the Dayton Accords Deployment of NATO-led IFOR to oversee the peace agreement Massive civilian casualties for the Bosniak ethnic group
1992	1995	Somali Civil War	United States United Kingdom Italy Saudi Arabia Malaysia Pakistan Spain India Greece Germany France Canada Botswana Belgium Australia	Template:Flagicon Various Somali factions	UN withdrawal UN withdrawal. About 100,000 lives were saved by outside resistance. Civil war is ongoing.
1997	1997	1997 Albanian civil unrest (Operation Alba)	Template:Flagicon Government of Sali Berisha (Operation Alba) Template:Flagicon Italian Armed Forces Template:Flagicon French Armed Forces Template:Flagicon Turkish Armed Forces Template:Flagicon Hellenic Armed Forces Template:Flagicon Romanian Armed Forces Template:Flagicon Austrian Armed Forces (Operation Libelle) Template:Flagicon German Armed Forces (Operation Silver Wake) Template:Flagicon United States Armed Forces	Template:Flagicon Rebels	Italian Allied Victory New Parliamentary Elections.
1998	1999	Kosovo War	United States France Canada Denmark Germany Italy File:UCK KLA.svg Kosovo Liberation Army	Template:Flagcountry	Italian Allied Victory Kosovo occupied by Nato forces Kosovo administered by UNMIK
2001	2001	2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia	National Liberation Army Template:Country data NATO	Template:Country data Republic of Macedonia Supported by: Ukraine(main arms supply) Bulgaria (arms supply) Template:Flagicon FR Yugoslavia (arms supply) Russia (arm supply and Contractors)	Inconclusive/Other Outcome Ohrid Agreement Macedonian offensive stopped by NATO involvement Ceasefire established The majority of Albanian insurgents agree to disarm in exchange for greater ethnic rights Low intensity resurgence since November 2001
2001	2021	Afghanistan War	Afghanistan United States United Kingdom Italy Germany France Canada Australia New Zealand Georgia Poland Romania Turkey Template:Flagicon Northern Alliance	Template:Flagicon Taliban al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan HI-Gulbuddin Hezb-e Islami Khalis Haqqani network Lashkar-e-Taiba Jaish-e-Mohammed East Turkestan Islamic Movement Template:Flagicon Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan Islamic Emirate of Waziristan Template:Flagicon Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi Islamic Jihad Union	Defeat Invasion of Afghanistan Fall of the Taliban government in Afghanistan Destruction of al-Qaeda camps Over two thirds of al-Qaeda's leadership demolished Occupation of Afghanistan Establishment of a new Afghan Government and Security Force Taliban insurgency Killing of Osama bin Laden Escape of Ayman al-Zawahiri Taliban retakes Kabul
2003	2006	Iraq War	Iraq Template:Country data Iraqi Kurdistan Multi-National Force – Iraq: United States United Kingdom Italy Australia New Zealand Spain Netherlands Poland South Korea Ukraine Georgia Other Allies	Islamic State of Iraq al-Qaeda Various insurgents	Italian Allied Victory Overthrow of Ba'ath Party government Execution of Saddam Hussein Deployment in Dhi Qar Province Iraqi insurgency, emergence of al-Qaeda in Iraq, and Sectarian Violence Rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the successor of al-Qaeda in Iraq Italian withdrawal in 2006, US withdrawal in 2011
2011	2011	First Libyan Civil War	Many NATO Template:Flagicon members acting under Template:Flagicon UN mandate, including: United States France Denmark Italy Canada and Template:Flagicon Anti-Gaddafi forces Template:Flagicon several Arab League states Template:Flagicon Sweden	Libya Pro-Gaddafi forces	Italian Allied Victory Fall of Gaddafi regime Muammar Gaddafi killed National Transitional Council take control
2023	Ongoing	Operation Prosperity Guardian	United States United Kingdom Canada France Greece Italy Netherlands Norway Spain Bahrain Seychelles Sri Lanka New Zealand	Template:Flagicon Supreme Political Council Template:Country data Houthi movement	Ongoing conflict
2024	Ongoing	Operation Aspides	Italy France Germany Belgium Greece	Template:Flagicon Supreme Political Council Template:Country data Houthi movement	Ongoing conflict

See also

• History of Italy
• Military history of Italy