List of wars involving England

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of England before the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain by the Acts of Union 1707. For dates after 1708, see List of wars involving the United Kingdom.

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*e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive, inconclusive

10th and 11th centuries

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
934	934	Æthelstan's invasion of Scotland	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England File:Flag of Deheubarth.svg Deheubarth File:Flag of Gwynedd.svg Gwynedd Kingdom of Gwent Brycheiniog	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland	Partial victory Militarily inconclusive Constantine acknowledges Æthelstan's overlordship
937	937	Battle of Brunanburh	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	Kingdom of Dublin Kingdom of Alba Kingdom of Strathclyde	Victory
945	945	Invasion of Strathclyde	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	Kingdom of Strathclyde	Victory Strathclyde ravaged Strathclyde ceded to Scotland
946	954	Northumbria's war of independence	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England Earl of Bamburgh	Northumbria	Victory Northumbria becomes absorbed by the Kingdom of England
991	991	Battle of Maldon	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Raven Banner.svg Vikings	Defeat King Æthelred makes a payment of Danegeld of 10,000 Roman pounds
1001	1001	First Battle of Alton	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Raven Banner.svg Vikings	Defeat The Anglo-Saxons retreats to Winchester
1001	1001	Battle of Pinhoe	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Raven Banner.svg Vikings	Defeat The Vikings burn Pinhoe to the ground
1004	1004	Battle of Thetford	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Raven Banner.svg Vikings	Victory The Vikings are repulsed
1006	1006	Siege of Durham (1006)	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland	Victory
1010	1010	Battle of Ringmere	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Raven Banner.svg Vikings	Defeat Over a three-month period the Vikings wasted East Anglia, burning Thetford and Cambridge
1013	1013	Sweyn Forkbeard’s invasion of England	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Raven Banner.svg Kingdom of Denmark	Defeat Sweyn Forkbeard becomes king of England and dies shortly after
1016	1016	Cnut the Great's invasion of England	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England Edmund IITemplate:Surrender Eadnoth the Younger † Ulfcytel Snillingr †	File:Raven Banner.svg Kingdom of Denmark Cnut the Great	Defeat King Edmund, cedes all of England, save Wessex, to Cnut. Following Edmund's death on 30 November, Cnut ascends to the throne as the sole king of England. Personal union formed between Denmark and England under Danish hegemony.
1018	1018	Battle of Carham	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland Kingdom of Strathclyde	Defeat
1026	1026	Battle of Helgeå	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png Kingdom of England Canute the Great	File:Royal Banner of Sweden (14th Century).svg Sweden Template:Flagicon Norway Anund Jacob Olaf II of Norway	Victory The Swedish and Norwegian attack to conquer Denmark while Canute is busy in England fails and Canute retains power Norway becomes a part of the North Sea empire and parts or the whole of Sweden are conquered by troops from England and Denmark including the capital, Gamla Uppsala Olaf II of Norway is forced into exile in Kievan Rus. Most of the Swedish forces, however, remain intact. The later invasion of Sweden seems to have ended badly, and in Anglo-Saxon sources the battle is described as a Swedish victory, and also that there was a great loss of English lives, and that the Swedes were in possession of the Battlefield. Sweden would continue to support Norwegian rebels loyal to Olaf II under the whole of Canute's reign. Most forces in the Battle of Stiklestad consisted of Swedes and the eventual Swedish support for Norwegian rebels would lead to the disintegration of the North Sea Empire and the Personal Union between Denmark and Norway.
1028	1029	Cnut’s invasion of Norway	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England File:Raven Banner.svg Kingdom of Denmark Norwegian chieftains	File:Raven Banner.svg Kingdom of Norway	Victory Norway conquered by Cnut
1040	1040	Siege of Durham (1040)	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland	Victory
1054	1054	Battle of Dunsinane	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland	Victory
1064	1066	Breton-Norman War	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Duchy of Brittany	Victory Norman victory
1066	1066	Battle of Stamford Bridge	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England Harold Godwinson Morcar, Earl of Northumbria Edwin, Earl of Mercia	File:Raven Banner.svg Kingdom of Norway Harald Hardrada † Tostig Godwinson † Eystein Orre †	Victory English Victory The Norse army is defeated
1066	1066	Battle of Hastings	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png England Harold Godwinson † Gyrth Godwinson † Leofwine Godwinson †	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy William of Normandy Alan the Red William FitzOsbern Eustace II, Count of Boulogne	Defeat Norman Victory England becomes absorbed by the Duchy of Normandy
1067	1081	Norman invasion of Wales	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg England	Welsh kingdoms	Defeat Forced Norman Retreat
1072	1072	Norman invasion of Scotland	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland	Victory Scottish attacks on Northumbria repelled Malcolm III forced to submit to William the Conqueror, though makes subsequent raids once the Norman king returns south
1076	1077	The Breton War	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg England File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Duchy of Brittany File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat Philip I of France prevents further Norman expansion into the region
1087	1087	The Vexin War	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg England File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat Failure to conquer the 'French Vexin' William I mortally wounded
1093	1093	Battle of Alnwick	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland	Victory
1096	1099	First Crusade	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of France Duchy of Apulia Byzantine Empire Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia	Great Seljuq Empire Danishmends Fatimid Caliphate Almoravids	Victory Recapture of Nicaea Formation of the Crusader States
1097	1098	The Second Vexin War	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg England File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Inconclusive Truce Mixed Results Status Quo Ante Bellum in Vexin Failure to conquer French Vexin Northern Maine Annexed

12th century

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
1105	1106	Invasion of Normandy	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	Victory Normandy is conquered by England after the Battle of Tinchebray
1109	1113	Anglo-French war 1109-1113	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Victory Henry I retains Gisors Henry I recognised as suzerain of Brittany and Maine
1116	1119	Anglo-French war 1116-1119	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France Norman Rebels	Victory Louis VI fails to annex Maine Victory at the Battle of Brémule swiftly ends the war
1123	1135	Anglo-French war 1123-1135	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France County of Maine	Victory French-Supported rebels in Maine defeated
1142	1142	Siege of Lisbon (1142)	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg Anglo-Norman Crusaders File:PortugueseFlag1095.svg Kingdom of Portugal	Taifa of Badajoz	Defeat Crusader forces fail to capture Lisbon
1145	1149	Second Crusade	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England (Holy land Crusade) Kingdom of Jerusalem (Holy land Crusade) Kingdom of France (Iberian and Holy Land Crusade) Holy Roman Empire (Wendish and Holy Land Crusade) Kingdom of Portugal (Iberian Crusade) Castile (Iberian Crusade) County of Barcelona (Iberian Crusade) León (Iberian Crusade) Byzantine Empire (Holy land Crusade) Kingdom of Denmark (Wendish Crusade) Duchy of Poland (Wendish Crusade) Kingdom of Sicily (Holy land Crusade)	Sultanate of Rum (Holy Land Crusade) Almoravids (Iberian Crusade) Almohads (Iberian Crusade) Zengids (Holy Land Crusade) Fatimids (Holy Land Crusade) Obotrite Confederacy (Wendish Crusade)	Partial Crusader Victory Crusader Victory in Iberian and Wendish Crusades Muslim Victory in the Holy Land Crusade
1150s	1150s	Eystein II expedition to England	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	Template:Flagicon Norway	Defeat Eastern English coast plundered
1158	1189	Anglo-French War 1158–1189	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg Angevins Supporting Prince Richard	Defeat Revolt of 1173-74 is defeated Richard’s Revolt is successful in 1189 with French aid
1166	1169	Invasion of Brittany	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Duchy of Brittany	Victory Brittany is absorbed into the Angevin Empire
1169	1177	Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England Anglo-Normans Cambro-Normans	Gaelic Ireland	victory Most of Ireland absorbed into the Lordship of Ireland
1189	1192	Third Crusade	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England Kingdom of Jerusalem File:Flag of France (XII-XIII).svg France File:War flag of the Holy Roman Empire (1200-1350).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of Hungary (late 12th century).svg Kingdom of Hungary	Ayyubids Zengids Sultanate of Rum Byzantine Empire Kingdom of Sicily	Partial Crusader victory Treaty of Ramla
1193	1199	Anglo-French War 1193–1199	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	victory Truce at Vernon Successful defence of Angevin territories

13th century

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
1202	1204	French invasion of Normandy (1202–1204)	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat England loses Normandy, Maine and Anjou to France
1209	1229	Albigensian Crusade	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg English volunteers Kingdom of France Duchy of Burgundy Duchy of Brittany County of Nevers County of Auxerre County of Saint-Pol Viscounty of Donges Viscounty of Torèna Papal States Episcopal Inquisition Dominican Order Militia of the Faith of Jesus Christ Hospitallers of the Holy Spirit Knights of Saint George Duchy of Austria Duchy of Berg Electorate of Cologne County of Aurenja County of Provence-Forcalquier	Cathars County of Toulouse Viscounty of Béziers and Albi County of Valentinois Lordship of Séverac Marquisate of Provence Template:Flagicon Viscounty of Béarn County of Astarac Crown of Aragon Template:Flagicon County of Foix County of Comminges Viscounty of Carcassonne Lordship of Menèrba Lordship of Tèrmes Lordship of Cabaret Lordship of Montsegúr Exiled knights	Crusader Victory
1211	1211	Welsh Uprising of 1211	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Flag of Gwynedd.svg Gwynedd File:Flag of Deheubarth.svg Deheubarth	Partial Victory Uprising defeated Peace treaty calling for less involvement from King John in Wales
1213	1214	Anglo-French War (1213–1214)	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England File:Shield and Coat of Arms of the Holy Roman Emperor (c.1200-c.1300).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Blason Nord-Pas-De-Calais.svg County of Flanders File:Blason comté fr Boulogne.svg County of Boulogne	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat Collapse of the Angevin Empire
1224	1224	Poitou War	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat French Victory La Rochelle absorbed into Capetian royal demesne
1230	1230	English invasion of France (1230)	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat English Withdrawal
1239	1241	Barons' Crusade	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France File:Evolution Coat of Arms of Navarre-3.svg Kingdom of Navarre Kingdom of Jerusalem	File:Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg Ayyubids	Crusader Diplomatic Victory
1242	1242	Saintonge War	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat
1271	1272	Ninth Crusade	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England File:Armoiries Chypre.svg Kingdom of Cyprus File:Blason Royaume de Jérusalem.svg Kingdom of Jerusalem File:Blason Bohémond VI d'Antioche.svg County of Tripoli Ilkhanate File:Armoiries Héthoumides.svg Armenian Cilicia	File:Mameluke Flag.svg Mamluks	Stalemate Status quo ante bellum
1277	1283	Conquest of Wales by Edward I of England	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of Llywelyn.svg Principality of Wales	English victory
1294	1303	Gascon War	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat Treaty of Paris Aquitaine becomes a Fief of France
1296	1328	First War of Scottish Independence	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Kingdom of Scotland File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France Connacht Thomond Uí Maine File:Arms of the house of O'Donnell (ancient).svg Tyrconnell Breifne O'Rourke Oriel Desmond Magh Luirg	Inconclusive (Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton) Scottish independence from England maintained English victory in Ireland Reinstatement of Anglo-Scottish border from reign of Alexander III of Scotland

14th century

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
1324	1324	War of Saint-Sardos	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat
1332	1357	Second War of Scottish Independence	File:Royal Arms of England (1340-1367).svg England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Kingdom of Scotland File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France	Defeat
1337	1453	Hundred Years' War	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg England File:Ancient Flag of Burgundy.svg Duchy of Burgundy File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Duchy of Brittany (Montfort) File:PortugueseFlag1248.svg Portugal File:Bandera de Reino de Navarra.svg Navarre File:Blason Nord-Pas-De-Calais.svg Flanders File:Hainaut Modern Arms.svg Hainaut Luxembourg Holy Roman Empire	File:Arms of France (France Moderne).svg France File:Bandera de la Corona de Castilla.svg Castile File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland File:Flag of Genoa.svg Genoa File:Armoiries Majorque.svg Majorca File:Flag of Bohemia.svg Bohemia File:Estandarte de la Corona de Aragon.svg Aragon File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Brittany (Blois)	Defeat: Overall French Victory Edwardian War - English Victory Caroline War - French Victory Lancastrian War - French Victory
1342	1344	Siege of Algeciras (1342–1344)	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg English forces under Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster.File:Estandarte de la Corona de Castilla.png Crown of Castile File:Flag of Genoa.svg Republic of Genoa File:Aragon Arms-crown.svg Kingdom of Aragon File:PortugueseFlag1248.svg Kingdom of Portugal File:Navarre Arms.svg Kingdom of Navarre File:Cross-Pattee-red.svg European crusaders	File:Flag of Morocco (1258-1659).svg Marinid Dynasty File:Royal Standard of Nasrid Dynasty Kingdom of Grenade.svg Emirate of Granada	Castilian-Allied Victory
1351	1369	Castilian Civil War	File:Royal Arms of England (1340-1367).svg England File:Royal Coat of Arms of the Crown of Castile (1284-1390).svg Forces of Peter of Castile File:Blason Royaume Navarre.svg Kingdom of Navarre File:Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Majorca and the Balearic Islands (14th-20th Centuries).svg Kingdom of Majorca File:COA of Nasrid dynasty kingdom of Grenade (1013-1492).svg Kingdom of Granada File:Arms of Aquitaine and Guyenne.svg Duchy of Aquitaine Other Elite European mercenaries	File:Arms of Henry II of Castile before his accession.svg Forces of Henry of Trastámara File:France moderne.svg Kingdom of France File:Aragon arms.svg Crown of Aragon	English alliance defeat. Victory for Henry of Trastámara and his allies.
1377	1575	Anglo-Scottish Wars	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg Kingdom of England	File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Scotland	Stalemate
1381	1382	Third Fernandine War	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg England File:PortugueseFlag1385.svg Portugal	File:Bandera de la Corona de Castilla.svg Castile	Defeat
1383	1385	1383–85 Crisis	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg England File:PortugueseFlag1385.svg Portugal	File:Royal Coat of Arms of the Crown of Castile (15th Century).svg Crown of Castile File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg Kingdom of France File:Aragon arms.svg Crown of Aragon	Victory

15th century

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
1470	1474	Anglo-Hanseatic War	Template:Country data Kingdom of England	File:Hanse Lübeck.svg Hanseatic League	Defeat, Hanseatic victory
1485	1488	Mad War	Rebllious French nobles File:Armoiries Saint-Empire bicéphale.svg Holy Roman Empire File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg Kingdom of England File:Blason Castille Léon.svg Kingdom of Castile and León	File:Blason France moderne.svg Kingdom of France	Defeat, French Royal victory
1487	1491	French-Breton War	File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Duchy of Brittany File:Armoiries Saint-Empire bicéphale.svg Holy Roman Empire File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg Kingdom of England File:Blason Castille Léon.svg Kingdom of Castile and León	File:Blason France moderne.svg Kingdom of France	Defeat, French victory
1487	1492	Second Flemish revolt against Maximilian of Austria	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Country data Habsburg Monarchy File:Flag of the Low Countries.svg Habsburg Netherlands	File:Blason Comte-de-Flandre.svg County of Flanders	Habsburg-Allied Victory City walls of Bruges demolished, loses economic position
1496	1498	Italian War of 1494–1498 (1494–1498)	League of Venice: Template:Country data Papal States Republic of Venice Template:Country data Kingdom of Naples Kingdoms of Spain Duchy of Milan Holy Roman Empire Template:Country data Republic of Florence Duchy of Mantua Template:Country data Kingdom of England (from 1496)	Template:Country data Kingdom of France Template:Flagicon Swiss mercenaries	Victory Forced French retreat

16th century

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
1512	1514	War of the League of Cambrai	Template:Country data Kingdom of England File:Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg Papal States File:Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg Venice File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of New Spain.svg Spain File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Swiss mercenaries	File:Pavillon royal de la France.png France File:Coat of arms of the House of Este (1471).svg Duchy of Ferrara File:Flag of Scotland.svg Scotland	Defeat, French and Venetian victory
1522	1525	Italian War of 1521–26	Template:Country data Kingdom of England File:Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg Papal States File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of New Spain.svg Spain	File:Pavillon royal de la France.png France File:Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg Venice	Victory
1528	1529	War of the League of Cognac	Template:Country data Kingdom of England File:Pavillon royal de la France.png France File:Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg Papal States File:Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg Venice File:Flag of Florence.svg Florence File:Flag of Milan.svg Duchy of Milan	File:Flag of New Spain.svg Spain File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of Genoa.svg Republic of Genoa	Defeat, Imperial-Spanish victory
1542	1546	Italian War of 1542–46	Template:Country data Kingdom of England File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of New Spain.svg Spain File:Flag of Electoral Saxony.svg Saxony File:Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Brandenburg	File:Pavillon royal de la France.png France File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1453-1844).svg Ottoman Empire File:Armoiries Guillaume de Clèves-less fancy.svg Jülich-Cleves-Berg	Inconclusive
1543	1550	Rough Wooing	Template:Country data Kingdom of England	File:Flag of Scotland.svg Scotland File:Pavillon royal de la France.png France	Defeat, Treaty of Norham, French-Scottish victory
1556	1559	Italian War of 1551–59 Anglo-French War (1557-1559)	Template:Country data Kingdom of England File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of New Spain.svg Spain File:Medici Flag of Tuscany.png Duchy of Florence File:Savoie flag.svg Duchy of Savoy	File:Pavillon royal de la France.png France File:Siena-Stemma.png Republic of Siena File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1453-1844).svg Ottoman Empire	Defeat, Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis, Loss of Calais
1560	1560	Siege of Leith	Template:Flagicon England Template:FlagiconProtestant Scots	Template:Flagicon France Template:Flagicon Catholic Scots	Inconclusive Catholic/French withstood siege. Mary of Guise died during the peace process. Treaty of Edinburgh signed with withdraw of English and French troops from Scotland. Auld Alliance between Scotland and France was dissolved.
1562	1563	English expedition to France (1562-1563)	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Huguenots (Before Edict of Amboise	File:Pavillon royal de la France.png France	Defeat, Treaty of Troyes (1564), Elizabeth I accepts French rule over Pale of Calais in exchange for 120,000 Crowns.
1562	1598	French Wars of Religion (1562–1598)	Protestants: File:Croix huguenote.svg Huguenots Template:Flagcountry	Catholics: File:Emblem of the Papacy SE.svg Catholic League Template:Flagicon Spain Duchy of Savoy	Victory Uneasy truce The Edict of Nantes granted the Huguenots substantial rights in certain areas Paris and other defined territories were declared to be permanently Catholic Failure of France's enemies to weaken France and to gain territories
1566	1648	Eighty Years' War	Template:Country data Kingdom of England File:Prinsenvlag.svg Dutch Republic File:Royal Standard of the King of France.svg France Huguenots German Protestants	File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of New Spain.svg Spain	Victory Peace of Münster, Netherlands becomes independent
1568	1573	Marian Civil War	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Flagicon King's Men	Template:Flagicon Queen's Men	Victory King's Men Victory
1569	1573	First Desmond Rebellion	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Kingdom of Ireland allied Irish clans	File:St Patrick's saltire.svg FitzGeralds of Desmond allied Irish clans	Victory Second Desmond Rebellion
1579	1583	Second Desmond Rebellion	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Kingdom of Ireland allied Irish clans	File:St Patrick's saltire.svg FitzGeralds of Desmond Spain Template:Country data Papal States allied Irish clans	Victory Famine throughout Munster Plantation of Munster
1580	1583	War of the Portuguese Succession	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Flagicon Portugal loyal to Prior of Crato Template:Flagcountry Template:Country data United Provinces	Template:Flagicon Spain Template:Flagicon Portugal loyal to Philip of Spain	Defeat Decisive Spanish victory Philip of Spain crowned King of Portugal
1585	1604	Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Country data United Provinces Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagicon Portuguese loyal to Prior of Crato French Huguenot forces	Template:Flagicon Spain Template:Flagicon Portugal under Philip of Spain French Catholic League File:O'Neill Clan.png Irish alliance Template:Flagicon Order of Saint John	Stalemate Status quo ante bellum Treaty of London
1594	1603	Nine Years' War (Ireland)	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Kingdom of Ireland	File:O'Neill Clan.png Alliance of Irish clans Template:Flagicon Spain Scottish Gaelic mercenaries	Victory Treaty of Mellifont (1603) Flight of the Earls (1607)
1595	1598	Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598) (simultaneously supporting the Dutch Republic in the Eighty Years' War during 1596–98)	Template:Country data Kingdom of France Kingdom of France England	Spain	Victory

17th century

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
1602	1661	Dutch-Portuguese War (1602–1661)	Template:Country data Dutch Republic Template:Country data Kingdom of England (until 1640) Template:Flagicon Johor Sultanate Kingdom of Kandy Kingdom of Kongo Kingdom of Ndongo	Template:Flagicon Kingdom of Portugal Template:Country data Crown of Castile (until 1640) Kingdom of Cochin Potiguara Tupis	Stalemate Treaty of Hague Formation of the Dutch Empire Portuguese Restoration War Dutch victory in the East Portuguese victory in South America and Africa
1612	1612	Battle of Swally	File:British East India Company flag.svg East India Company	Template:Flagicon Kingdom of Portugal	Victory
1613	1613	Raid on Acadia	Template:Flagcountry Colony of Virginia	Template:Flagcountry New France	Victory
1615	1617	Uskok War	Template:Flagcountry Republic of Venice Template:Country data Dutch Republic	Holy Roman Empire File:Coa Croatia Country History (Fojnica Armorial).svg Kingdom of Croatia Template:FlagiconSpain	Victory Many Uskok pirates executed or exiled; Austrian garrison installed to check Uskoks.
1620	1621	English expedition to Algiers (1620–1621)	Template:Flagcountry	Regency of Algiers	Defeat
1621	1622	Anglo-Persian capture of Queshm	File:British East India Company flag.svg East India Company Safavid Iran	Portugal	Anglo-Persian Victory Qeshm annexed to Persia
1622	1622	Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz	File:British East India Company flag.svg East India Company Safavid Iran	Portugal	Anglo-Persian Victory Hormuz annexed to Persia
1625	1630	Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630)	Template:Flagcountry Support: Template:Country data United Provinces	Template:Flagicon Spain	Status quo ante bellum Spain seeks and signs peace treaty with England in light of imminent war with France Treaty of Madrid, similar to previous Anglo-Spanish treaty although somewhat less strict regarding trade England bankruptcy practically ends English support to Dutch Republic in Eighty Years' War
1627	1629	Anglo-French War (1627–1629)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagcountry	Status quo ante bellum Treaty of Suza Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1632)
1636	1638	Pequot War	Massachusetts Bay Colony Plymouth Colony Saybrook Colony Connecticut Colony Narragansett Mohegans	Pequot Tribe Western Niantic people	Victory Pequot defeat and massacre Treaty of Hartford (1638)
1640	1668	Portuguese Restoration War	Template:Flagicon Kingdom of Portugal Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagicon Crown of Spain	Victory Treaty of Lisbon Charles II of Spain recognizes the sovereignty of the House of Braganza over Portugal and its colonial possessions
1647	1647	Skirmish at the Isle of Wight	Template:Flagicon England	Template:Flagdeco Sweden	Inconclusive
1651	1651	Stockholm incident	Template:Flagicon England	Template:Flagdeco Sweden	Victory
1652	1654	First Anglo-Dutch War	Template:Country data Commonwealth of England	Template:Country data Dutch Republic	Victory Treaty of Westminster
1654	1654	English Invasion of Acadia (1654)	Template:Country data Commonwealth of England New England Confederation	Template:Flagcountry New France	Victory Acadia becomes a colony from 1654 to 1667
1654	1660	Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)	Template:Country data Commonwealth of England Template:Flagcountry (1657–59)	Template:Flagicon Spain File:Royal Standard of Great Britain (1603-1649).svg Royalists of the British Isles	Victory Treaties of Madrid (1667 and 1670). Acquisition of Jamaica, the Cayman Islands, Dunkirk and Mardyck by the Commonwealth of England
1655	1655	Action of 14 April 1655	Template:Country data Commonwealth of England	Regency of Tunis Regency of Algiers	Victory
1661	1665	Dano-Dutch War	Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagcountry	Victory Cape Coast conquered
1662	1662	Battle of Tangier	Template:Flagicon England	Morocco	Defeat
1664	1664	Battle of Tangier	Template:Flagicon England	Morocco	Defeat
1665	1667	Second Anglo-Dutch War	Template:Flagcountry File:Flag of the Prince-Bishopric of Münster.svg Bishopric of Münster	Template:Country data Dutch Republic Template:Flagicon Denmark Template:Flagcountry	Defeat Uti possidetis Treaty of Breda
1669	1669	Battle of Cádiz	Template:Country data Kingdom of England	Regency of Algiers	Victory
1670	1670	Battle of Cape Spartel (1670)	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Country data Dutch Republic	Regency of Algiers	Victory
1672	1674	Third Anglo-Dutch War	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Country data Kingdom of France File:Flag of the Prince-Bishopric of Münster.svg Bishopric of Münster File:Black St George's Cross.svg Electorate of Cologne	Template:Country data Dutch Republic Template:Flagicon Denmark-Norway	Status quo ante bellum Status quo ante bellum: Treaty of Westminster (1674)
1672	1678	Franco-Dutch War	Template:Flagcountry (1678) Template:Country data Dutch Republic Holy Roman Empire (from 1673) Spain (from 1673) File:Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png Brandenburg-Prussia (from 1673) Template:Flagicon Lorraine (from 1673) Template:Flagicon Denmark–Norway (from 1674)	Template:Flagcountry (1672–74) Template:Flagcountry Münster (1672–1674) Cologne (1672–1674) Template:Flagicon Swedish Empire (from 1674)	Major French territorial gains Treaty of Westminster (1674) Treaty of Nijmegen (1678–79) Franche-Comté and Spanish Netherlands cities ceded to France
1675	1677	Chowanoc War	Province of Carolina	Chowanocs	Victory
1675	1675	Battle of Tangier	Template:Flagicon England	Morocco	Defeat
1677	1682	Anglo-Algerian War	Template:Flagicon England	Regency of Algiers	Defeat
1680	1680	Great Siege of Tangier	Template:Flagicon England	Morocco	Victory
1686	1690	Anglo-Mughal War	Template:Flagicon England File:British East India Company flag.svg East India Company	File:Flag of the Mughal Empire.png Mughal Empire	Defeat Victory for the Mughal Empire The British East India Company fined
1687	1688	Anglo-Siamese War	Template:Flagicon England File:British East India Company flag.svg East India Company	Template:Flagicon Kingdom of Ayutthaya (Siam) (Unauthorised piracy by English sailors under Siamese employ) • File:English Red Ensign 1620.svg English defectors	Inconclusive English factory rejected from Siam, after minor naval action, along with massacre in the aftermath: the war was not pursued. In 1688, a coup forced the closure of all official European trade in Siam for 150 years except for the Dutch.
1688	1697	Nine Years' War	Grand Alliance: Template:Country data Dutch Republic Template:Flagcountry Holy Roman Empire File:Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg Spanish Empire Duchy of Savoy File:Flag of Sweden.svg Swedish Empire (until 1691) Template:Flagcountry	Template:Flagcountry File:Jacobite Standard (1745).svg Jacobites	Treaty of Ryswick Louis XIV recognises William III of Orange as King of England, Scotland and Ireland.
1694	1700	Komenda Wars	Royal African Company	Dutch West India Company	Victory English-supported Takyi Kuma becomes king of Eguafo.
1695	1695	Action of 18 April 1695	Template:Flagicon England	Template:Flagdeco Sweden	Defeat
1695	1695	Action of 10 August 1695	Template:Flagicon England	Template:Flagdeco Sweden	Victory
1695	1695	Anglo–Swedish skirmish (1695)	Template:Flagicon England	Template:Flagdeco Sweden	Victory
1699	1699	Siege of Tranquebar	File:British East India Company flag.svg East India Company	Thanjavur Maratha	Victory

18th century

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			England & allies	England's opposition
1700	1721	The Great Northern War (1700–1721)	Template:Flagicon England (until 1707) Template:Flagicon Great Britain (from 1707) Template:Flagicon Swedish Empire Ottoman Empire Template:Country data United Provinces File:Coat of Arms of Brunswick-Lüneburg.svg Brunswick-Lüneburg	Template:Flagdeco Tsardom of Russia Kalmyk Khanate File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanat.svg Cossack Hetmanate Template:Flagicon Denmark–Norway Template:Country data Electorate of Saxony Poland–Lithuania Prussia Template:Flagicon Hanover	Inconclusive for England Britain did not gain or lose anything from the war and exited the war a year before it had ended due to financial trouble Russian Allied victory: Tsardom of Russia establishes itself as a new power in Europe. Decline of Swedish Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1701	1714	War of the Spanish Succession	Template:Flagicon England (until 1707) Template:Flagicon Great Britain (from 1707) Template:Flagicon Austrian monarchy Template:Flagicon Dutch Republic Template:Flagicon Holy Roman Empire Template:Flagicon Piedmont-Savoy Template:Flagicon Prussia Habsburg Spain Kingdom of Portugal	Template:Flagcountry Template:Flagicon Spanish monarchy Bavaria (~1704) Cologne Template:Flagicon Mantua (~1708)	Victory Treaty of Utrecht: Philip V recognised as King of Spain by the Grand Alliance Spain cedes the Spanish Netherlands, Kingdom of Naples, Duchy of Milan and Sardinia to the Austrian Habsburgs; Sicily to the Duchy of Savoy; and Gibraltar and Menorca to Britain. France recognises British sovereignty over Rupert's Land and Newfoundland and cedes Acadia and its half of Saint Kitts to Britain. Indecisive or failure for Britain's various allies.
1704	1704	Battle of Orford Ness	Template:Flagicon England	Template:Flagdeco Sweden	Victory

Civil wars and revolutions

Start	End	Name of conflict	Belligerents		Outcome
			English Government	Rebels
1069	1070	Harrying of the North	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg William I of England	File:White Dragon Flag of England.png House of Wessex Kingdom of Denmark Anglo-Saxons Anglo-Scandinavians	Internal Conflict, William was Victorious An uprising which started 4 years after the Norman Conquest. Edgar Ætheling, the grandson of Edmund Ironside and the last notable heir to the House of Wessex, fought with the support of the King of Denmark Sweyn II, Anglo-Saxons, and Anglo-Scandinavians. It ended in defeat for the Anglo-Saxons & Anglo-Scandinavians. William the Conqueror paid Sweyn and his Danish fleet to go home, but the remaining rebels refused to meet him in battle, and he decided to starve them out by laying waste to the northern shires using scorched earth tactics. The Norman campaign to reconquer Northern England resulted in a genocide against the people living there.
1070	1071	Ely Rebellion	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg William I of England	King of Denmark Sweyn II Hereward the Wake Morcar Bishop Aethelwine of Durham	Internal Conflict, William Victorius An anti-Norman insurrection centred on the Isle of Ely. The Danish king Sweyn Estrithson sent a small army to try to establish a camp on the Isle of Ely. The Isle became a refuge for Anglo-Saxon forces under Earl Morcar, Bishop Aethelwine of Durham and Hereward the Wake in 1071. The area was taken by William the Conqueror only after a prolonged struggle.
1075	1075	Revolt of the Earls	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg William I of England	Three earls Ralph de Gael Roger de Breteuil, 2nd Earl of Hereford Waltheof, 1st Earl of Northumberland	Internal Conflict, William was Victorious Waltheof was beheaded in 1076 Roger lost his lands and earldom, was imprisoned, and was beheaded in 1087. Ralph lost his lands and earldom, and was expelled from England
1088	1088	Rebellion of 1088	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg England William Rufus	File:Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg Duchy of Normandy Robert Curthose	Internal Conflict, William Rufus Victorius
1135	1154	The Anarchy	Supporters of Stephen of Blois	Supporters of Empress Matilda and Henry Curtmantle	Civil War Treaty of Wallingford Henry would do homage to Stephen, in return Stephen promised Henry would become King of England upon his death
1173	1174	Revolt of 1173–74	File:Royal Arms of England (1154-1189).svg English royalists	English rebels Kingdom of France Kingdom of Scotland County of Flanders County of Boulogne Duchy of Brittany	Internal Conflict Treaty of Falaise Scotland cedes the castles of Roxburgh, Berwick, Jedburgh, Edinburgh, and Stirling over to English soldiers William is forced to recognize Henry's overlordship
1215	1217	First Barons' War	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg Pro-Angevin forces	Rebel Barons File:Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg France File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Kingdom of Scotland	Civil War, Angevinian victory Treaty of Lambeth Restoration of Magna Carta
1264	1267	Second Barons' War	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg English royalists	Rebel barons	Civil War, Royalist victory Capture and imprisonment of King Henry III by baronial forces Establishment of de facto Protectorate ruled by Simon de Montfort's Parliament until 1265 Restoration of Royal Authority in 1266 Peace treaty agreed with Dictum of Kenilworth in 1267 Statute of Marlborough issued in 1267; legal confirmation of the Magna Carta and Parliament
1264	1267	Welsh Uprising (1282)	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg English royalists	File:Arms of Dafydd ap Gruffydd.svg Dafydd ap Gruffydd	Internal Conflict, Royalist victory
1321	1322	Despenser War	File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg England	Contrariants Marcher Lords Template:Plainlist Supported by: File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Kingdom of Scotland	Civil War, Decisive Royal victory Return of the Despensers Execution of rebels Revocation of the Ordinances of 1311 Strengthening of the monarchy until 1326
1326	1326	Invasion of England (1326)	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg Royal government Edward II (POW) Hugh Despenser the YoungerTemplate:Executed Hugh Despenser the ElderTemplate:Executed Earl of ArundelTemplate:Executed	Contrariants Supported by: County of Hainaut Isabella of France Roger Mortimer Earl of Leicester Earl of Norfolk Earl of Kent	Civil War, Contrariants' victory Continuation of the Despenser War. Isabella of France, and her lover, Roger Mortimers invasion led to: Executions of Hugh Despenser the Younger and Hugh Despenser the Elder Abdication of Isabella's husband, King Edward II for their son Edward III Edward II died, most likely assassinated by orders of Isabella and Mortimer.
1381	1381	Peasants' Revolt	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg Royal government	Rebel forces	Internal Conflict, Royal government victorious Most rebel leaders executed no further attempts by Parliament to impose a poll tax or to reform England's fiscal system.
1400	1415	Glyndŵr Rising Part of the Hundred Years' War	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg England	File:Arms of Owain Glyndŵr.svg Welsh rebels File:Arms of France (France Moderne).svg Kingdom of France	Internal Conflict, Total English victory
1414	1414	Oldcastle Revolt	File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg England	Lollards	Internal Conflict, Government Victory Suppression of the revolt
1455	1485	Wars of the Roses	File:White Rose Badge of York.svg House of York Supported by: File:Arms of the Duke of Burgundy since 1430.svg Burgundian State File:Coat of arms of the Lordship of Ireland.svg Lordship of Ireland File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Duchy of BrittanyTemplate:Efn	File:Red Rose Badge of Lancaster.svg House of Lancaster File:Tudor Rose.svg House of Tudor Supported by: File:Arms of France (France Moderne).svg Kingdom of France File:Royal Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg Kingdom of Scotland File:Arms of the Prince of Wales (Modern).svg Principality of Wales File:Arms of Jean III de Bretagne.svg Duchy of BrittanyTemplate:Efn File:White Rose Badge of York.svg Yorkist rebels	Civil War, Victory for the House of Lancaster and their allies End of the Plantagenet dynasty House of York reigns for 24 years Extinction of the House of Lancaster House of Tudor inherits Lancastrian claim to the throne and defeats the Yorkist dynasty Establishment of the Tudor dynasty End of the middle ages in England Strengthening of the English monarchy under the Tudors Dawn of the English RenaissanceTemplate:SfnTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn
1497	1497	Cornish Rebellion of 1497	Template:Country data Kingdom of England File:Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg Henry VII File:Coat of arms of Sir Giles Daubeny, 1st Baron Daubeny, KG.png Giles, Lord Daubeny	Cornish rebels File:COA Tuchet.svg James, Baron Audley Template:Executed File:Flamock of Boscarne Arms.jpg Thomas Flamank Template:Executed Michael An Gof Template:Executed	Internal Conflict, English victory
1549	1549	Prayer Book Rebellion	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Flagicon Edward VI Template:Flagicon Edward Seymour Template:Flagicon John Russell Template:Flagicon Anthony Kingston Template:Flagicon William Francis	Southwestern Catholic Rebels File:Shield of Arms of the Lord Arundell of Wardour.svg Sir Humphrey Arundell Template:Executed John Winslade Template:Executed John Bury Template:Executed Robert Welch, Vicar of St Thomas, Exeter Template:Executed	Internal Conflict, Edwardian victory rebellion suppressed execution of rebel commanders
1569	1570	Rising of the North	Template:Country data Kingdom of England Template:Flagicon Elizabeth I of England Template:Flagicon English and Welsh Protestants Template:Flagicon Scottish Protestants	Template:Flagicon Partisans of Mary, Queen of Scots Template:Flagicon Northern English Catholics	Internal Conflict, Elizabethan Victory Elizabeth's authority strengthened Aristocracy of the North weakened
1639	1651	Wars of the Three Kingdoms	Royalists Confederates	Parliamentarians Scottish Covenanters	Civil War, Parliamentarian victory Bishops' Wars (1639) Covenanters defeat Scottish Royalists and Template:Flagicon England Second Bishops' War (1640) Covenanters defeat Scottish Royalists and Template:Flagicon England Irish Rebellion of 1641 Founding of the Irish Catholic Confederation and beginning of the Irish Confederate Wars First English Civil War (1642–46) Template:Flagicon Parliamentarian & Scottish Covenanters victory over the Royalists Irish Confederate Wars (1642–48) Template:Flagicon Parliamentarian conquest of Ireland Defeat of Royalists and crushing of Irish Catholic Confederation Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1644–47) Covenanters defeat Royalists and Irish Confederation Second English Civil War (1648) Template:Flagicon English Parliamentarian victory over the Royalists and Scottish Covenanters forces. Execution of King Charles I Exile of Charles II Establishment of the republican Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell Kirk Party takes power in Scotland Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (1649) Template:Flagicon English Parliamentarian & Protestant colonists victory over Irish Catholic Confederation and English Royalists English Parliamentarian conquest of Ireland End of the Irish Catholic Confederation Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652 Third English Civil War (1650–1652) Template:Country data Commonwealth of England victory over Scotland Scotland absorbed into the Commonwealth of England
1685	1685	Monmouth Rebellion	Template:Flagicon Royal army of James II	Rebel army of Duke of Monmouth	Internal Conflict, Victory for James II
1688	1689	Glorious Revolution	Template:Flagicon James II	William of Orange Dutch military forces British military forces	Internal Conflict James II replaced as king by his daughter Mary II and her husband William III
1689	1746	Jacobite Rebellions	Template:Flagicon England (until 1707) Template:Flagicon Great Britain (from 1707)	Jacobites	Civil War, Royalist victory in England, Scotland and Ireland Williamite War in Ireland (1688–91) - The Battle of the Boyne saw the last battle between two rival claimants for the throne Jacobite rising of 1689 (1689–1692) Jacobite rising of 1715 (1715–16) Jacobite rising of 1719 (1719) Jacobite rising of 1745 (1741–1746) - Jacobite restoration attempt defeated

See also

• List of English civil wars
• List of wars in Great Britain
• Military history of England
• List of wars involving England and France
• List of wars involving the United Kingdom

Further reading

• Barnett, Correlli. Britain and her army, 1509-1970: a military, political and social survey (1970).
• Carlton, Charles. This Seat of Mars: War and the British Isles, 1485-1746 (Yale UP; 2011) 332 pages; studies the impact of near unceasing war from the individual to the national levels.
• Chandler, David G., and Ian Frederick William Beckett, eds. The Oxford history of the British army (Oxford UP, 2003).
• Cole, D. H and E. C Priestley. An outline of British military history, 1660-1936 (1936). online
• Higham, John, ed. A Guide to the Sources of British Military History (1971) 654 pages excerpt; Highly detailed bibliography and discussion up to 1970.
• Sheppard, Eric William. A short history of the British army (1950). online

Historiography

• Messenger, Charles, ed. Reader's Guide to Military History (2001) pp 55–74; annotated guide to most important books.