List of refrigerants

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Template:Short description This is a list of refrigerants, sorted by their ASHRAE-designated numbers, commonly known as R numbers. Many modern refrigerants are human-made halogenated gases, especially fluorinated gases and chlorinated gases, that are frequently referred to as Freon (a registered trademark of Chemours).

Freons are responsible for the formation of the ozone hole. The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol are international agreements that oblige signatory countries to limit the emission of ozone-depleting gases. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol furthermore obliges signatory countries to limit the emission of gases with high global warming potential.

Numbering scheme

According to ASHRAE standard 34, the R-number of a chemical refrigerant is assigned systematically according to its molecular structure and has between two and four digits. If there are carbon-carbon multiple bonds, there are four digits in all: the number of these bonds is the first digit and the number of carbon atoms minus one (C-1) is next. If there is more than one carbon atom but no multiple bonds, there are three digits, and the number of carbon atoms minus one is the first digit. If there is only one carbon atom, then there are only two digits. The last two digits are always the number of hydrogen atoms plus one (H+1), followed by the number of fluorine atoms. Any other atoms attached to the carbons are assumed to be chlorine atoms. For example, R-22 has one carbon atom, one hydrogen atom (2−1 = 1), two fluorine atoms, and one chlorine atom (4−2−1 = 1), so it is chlorodifluoromethane, while R-134 has two carbon atoms (2−1 = 1), two hydrogen atoms (3−1 = 2), four fluorine atoms, and no chlorine atoms (6−2−4 = 0), so it is one of the tetrafluoroethanes. This basic scheme is modified as follows:

  • Capital letters "B" and "I" are suffixed, together with atom counts, if chlorine atoms have been replaced with bromine or iodine.
  • If there are two carbons, the isomer without suffix is the most symmetrical; after this, lower-case suffixed letters "a", "b", ..., are added, moving forwards through the alphabet as symmetry decreases.
  • If there are more than two carbons, a more complex system of suffixed letters and possibly numbers is used to distinguish isomers, when necessary.
  • The suffixes "(Z)" and "(E)" may be used to differentiate (Z)- and (E)- (cis- and trans-) isomers.
  • For larger molecules, numerical "digits" exceeding 9 may occur; in this case, these numbers are separated by dashes.
  • For a cyclic carbon skeleton, the prefixed capital letter "C" is used.
  • For an oxygen-containing refrigerant (an ether), the prefixed capital letter "E" is used.Template:R

There are separate numbering schemes for zeotropic and azeotropic blends, organic chemicals which don't fit into the scheme above, and inorganic chemicals:

  • Zeotropic blends are numbered starting with 400. Suffixed capital letters "A", "B", ... may be used to distinguish different blends with the same constitutents.
  • Azeotropic blends are numbered similarly to zeotropic blends, but starting with 500.
  • Other organic chemicals may be numbered starting with 600. Suffixed lowercase letters "a", "b", ..., may be used to distinguish isomers.
  • Inorganic chemicals are given numbers equalling 700 plus their molecular weight, if the weight is less than 100, or 7000 plus the molecular weight otherwise. Suffixed capital letters "A", "B", ... may be used to distinguish different chemicals with the same molecular weight.Template:R

Columns

The table is sortable by each of the following refrigerant properties (scroll right or reduce magnification to view more properties):

Since over 100,000 refrigerant blends are possible,[1] this list should only have notable refrigerants and refrigerant blends.

List

Template:Sticky header

Type ASHRAE
number 		IUPAC chemical name Molecular
formula 		CAS no/
blend
name 		Atmospheric
lifetime
(years) 		Semi-
empirical
ODP
(R-11 = 1) 		Net
GWP
100-yr
(R-744 = 1) 		OEL/PEL
ppm (v/v) &
ASHRAE 34
safety group 		RCL/IDLH
(ppm v/v, followed by g/m3) 		Molecular
mass
Da 		Boiling, or
bubble/dew
/azeotropic
point(s) °C 		Critical
temp.
°C 		Critical
pressure,
absolute
kPa
PCC R-Template:Nts Carbon tetrachloride (Tetrachloromethane) CCl4 56-23-5 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[4] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts? B1[6] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:Nts Trichlorofluoromethane CCl3F 75-69-4 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[10] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:Nts Dichlorodifluoromethane CCl2F2 75-71-8 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[10] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
H R-Template:NtsB1 Bromochlorodifluoromethane CBrClF2 or CF2ClBr 353-59-3 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
H R-Template:NtsB2 Dibromodifluoromethane CBr2F2 75-61-6 Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:Nts Chlorotrifluoromethane CClF3 75-72-9 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[10] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
H R-Template:NtsB1 Bromotrifluoromethane CBrF3 or CF3Br 75-63-8 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
H R-Template:NtsI1 Trifluoroiodomethane CF3I 2314-97-8 Template:Nts[13] A1[13] Template:Nts[13] Template:Nts[13]
PFC R-Template:Nts Tetrafluoromethane CF4 75-73-0 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCC R-Template:Nts Chloroform (Trichloromethane) CHCl3 67-66-3 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Dichlorofluoromethane CHFCl2 75-43-4 Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[15] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts? B1[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chlorodifluoromethane CHClF2 75-45-6 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3][16] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
H R-Template:NtsB1 Bromodifluoromethane CHBrF2 or CHF2Br 1511-62-2 Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Nts Trifluoromethane (Fluoroform) CHF3 75-46-7 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCC R-Template:Nts Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) CH2Cl2 75-09-2 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[17] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts? B2[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chlorofluoromethane CH2FCl 593-70-4 Template:Nts[15] Template:Nts? B2? Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Nts Difluoromethane CH2F2 75-10-5 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A2L[18] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCC R-Template:Nts Chloromethane CH3Cl 74-87-3 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts? B2[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Nts Fluoromethane CH3F 593-53-3 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Nts Methane CH4 74-82-8 Template:Nts ± 3[2] Template:Ntsh<0(smog)[20] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts±2[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
PCC R-Template:Nts Hexachloroethane C2Cl6 67-72-1 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:Nts Pentachlorofluoroethane C2FCl5 354-56-3 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2F2Cl4 76-12-0 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2F2Cl4 76-11-9 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 1] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane C2F3Cl3 76-13-1 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[10] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane C2F3Cl3 354-58-5 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 1] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane C2F4Cl2 76-14-2 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[10] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane C2F4Cl2 374-07-2 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 1] Template:Nts[7]
H R-Template:NtsB2 Dibromotetrafluoroethane C2F4Br2 or CF2BrCF2Br 124-73-2 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:Nts Chloropentafluoroethane C2F5Cl 76-15-3 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
PFC R-Template:Nts Hexafluoroethane C2F6 76-16-4 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCC R-Template:Nts Pentachloroethane C2HCl5 76-01-7 Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1-fluoroethane C2HFCl4 354-14-3 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.04[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2-fluoroethane C2HFCl4 354-11-0 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.04[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2-Trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2HF2Cl3 354-21-2 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.08[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2HF2Cl3 354-15-4 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.08[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2HF2Cl3 354-12-1 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.08[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane C2HF3Cl2 306-83-2 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] B1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane C2HF3Cl2 354-23-4 Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane C2HF3Cl2 812-04-4 Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane C2HF4Cl 2837-89-0 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane C2HF4Cl 354-25-6 Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Nts Pentafluoroethane C2HF5 354-33-6 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtshE125 Pentafluorodimethyl ether C2F5OC2F5 3822-68-2 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7]
HCC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane C2H2Cl4 79-34-5 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane C2H2Cl4 630-20-6 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane C2H2FCl3 359-28-4 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.05[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,2-Trichloro-1-fluoroethane C2H2FCl3 811-95-0 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane C2H2FCl3 2366-36-1 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 431-06-1 Template:Ntsh0.008–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 471-43-2 Template:Ntsh0.008–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 1,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 1649-08-7 Template:Ntsh0.008–0.05[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsc 1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 1842-05-3 Template:Ntsh0.008–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
H R-Template:NtsbB2 1,2-Dibromo-1,1-difluoroethane C2H2Br2F2 75-82-1 Template:Ntsh0.2–1.5[12] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1-Chloro-1,2,2-Trifluoroethane C2H2F3Cl 431-07-2 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.06[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1-Chloro-2,2,2-Trifluoroethane C2H2F3Cl 75-88-7 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.06[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 1-Chloro-1,1,2-Trifluoroethane C2H2F3Cl 421-04-5 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.06[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane C2H2F4 359-35-3 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane C2H2F4 811-97-2 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14][17] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtshE134 Bis(difluoromethyl)ether C2H2F4O 1691-17-4 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7]
HCC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2-Trichloroethane C2H3Cl3 79-00-5 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts±2.5[8]
HCC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform) C2H3Cl3 or CH3CCl3 71-55-6 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1,2-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane C2H3FCl2 430-57-9 Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts[7]
H R-Template:NtsB2 1,2-Dibromo-1-fluoroethane C2H3Br2F 358-97-4 Template:Ntsh0.1–1.7[12] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoroethane C2H3FCl2 430-53-5 Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane C2H3FCl2 1717-00-6 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A2? Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1-Chloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2H3F2Cl 338-64-7 Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts?[lower-alpha 3] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane C2H3F2Cl 75-68-3 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,2-Trifluoroethane C2H3F3 430-66-0 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane C2H3F3 420-46-2 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A2L[18] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtshE143a Methyl trifluoromethyl ether C2H3F3O 421-14-7 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7]
HCC R-Template:Nts 1,2-Dichloroethane C2H4Cl2 107-06-2 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1-Dichloroethane C2H4Cl2 75-34-3 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1-Chloro-2-fluoroethane C2H4ClF 762-50-5 Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsa 1-Chloro-1-fluoroethane C2H4ClF 1615-75-4 Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Nts 1,2-Difluoroethane C2H4F2 624-72-6 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsa 1,1-Difluoroethane C2H4F2 75-37-6 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14][17] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCC R-Template:Nts Chloroethane (ethyl chloride) C2H5Cl 75-00-3 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Nts Fluoroethane C2H5F 353-36-6 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Nts Ethane C2H6 or CH3CH3 74-84-0 Template:Nts days[22] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[2]–Template:Nts[22] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][23] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:NtshE170 Dimethyl ether CH3OCH3 115-10-6 Template:Nts[2] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-Heptachloro-3-fluoropropane C3FCl7 422-78-6 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts Hexachlorodifluoropropane C3F2Cl6 134452-44-1 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,1,3,3-Pentachloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3F3Cl5 2354-06-5 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,2,2,3-Tetrachloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3F4Cl4 2268-46-4 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3F5Cl3 4259-43-2 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3F6Cl2 661-97-2 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3F6Cl2 662-01-1 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 1] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Nts 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane C3F7Cl 422-86-6 Template:Nts[12] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:Ntsba 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane C3F7Cl 76-18-6 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 1] Template:Nts[7]
PFC R-Template:Nts Octafluoropropane C3F8 76-19-7 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
HCFC R-Template:Nts 1,1,1,2,2,3-Hexachloro-3-fluoropropane C3HFCl6 422-26-4 Template:Ntsh0.015–0.07[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Pentachlorodifluoropropane C3HF2Cl5 134237-36-8 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsc 1,1,1,3,3-Pentachloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3HF2Cl5 422-49-1 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.09[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Tetrachlorotrifluoropropane C3HF3Cl4 134237-37-9 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.08[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,1,3,3-Tetrachloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3HF3Cl4 422-52-6 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.08[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1,1,3-Tetrachloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3HF3Cl4 422-50-4 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.08[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Trichlorotetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 134237-38-0 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,3,3-Trichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 422-54-8 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.09[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1,3-Trichloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 422-53-7 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscc 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 422-51-5 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Dichloropentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 127564-92-5 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsaa 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 128903-21-9 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsba 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 422-48-0 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsbb 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 422-44-6 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 3,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 422-56-0 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 507-55-1 Template:Nts[2][3] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscc 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 13474-88-9 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsda 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 431-86-7 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsea 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 136013-79-1 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntseb 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 111512-56-2 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chlorohexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 134308-72-8 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsba 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 51346-64-6 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 3-Chloro-1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 422-57-1 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 422-55-9 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsda 2-Chloro-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 431-87-8 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.1[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsea 1-Chloro-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 359-58-0 Template:Ntsh0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,1,2,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane C3HF7 2252-84-8 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsca2 Trifluoromethyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether C3HF7O 2356-61-8 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsea 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane C3HF7 431-89-0 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14][17] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Ntsme Trifluoromethyl 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether C3HF7O 2356-62-9 Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Pentachlorofluoropropane C3H2FCl5 134190-48-0 Template:Ntsh0.05–0.09[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Tetrachlorodifluoropropane C3H2F2Cl4 134237-39-1 Template:Ntsh0.008–0.1[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,1,3,3-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H2F2Cl4 1112-14-7 Template:Ntsh0.008–0.1[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1,1,3-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H2F2Cl4 677-54-3 Template:Ntsh0.008–0.1[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Trichlorotrifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 134237-40-4 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.23[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,1,3-Trichloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 131221-36-8 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.23[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1,3-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 421-99-8 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.23[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscc 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 131211-71-7 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.23[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Dichlorotetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 127564-83-4 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsaa 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 17705-30-5 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsab 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 149329-24-8 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsba 1,2-Dichloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 425-94-5 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsbb 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 149329-25-9 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsbc 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 149329-26-0 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,3-Dichloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 70341-81-0 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 4071-01-6 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscc 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 422-00-4 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscd 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 70192-63-1 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsda 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 146916-90-7 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfa 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 76140-39-1 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfb 1,1-Dichloro-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 64712-27-2 Template:Ntsh0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chloropentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 134237-41-5 Template:Ntsh0.03–0.52[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1-Chloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 28103-66-4 Template:Ntsh0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 3-Chloro-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 422-02-6 Template:Ntsh0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscc 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 679-99-2 Template:Ntsh0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsda 2-Chloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 134251-06-2 Template:Ntsh0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfa 1-Chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 677-55-4 Template:Ntsh0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1,1,2,2,3-Hexafluoropropane C3H2F6 677-56-5 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts
HFC R-Template:Ntsea 1,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane C3H2F6 431-63-0 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Ntsfa 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane C3H2F6 690-39-1 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts±.35[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Ntsme 1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether C3H2F6O 57041-67-5 Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Tetrachlorofluoropropane C3H3FCl4 134190-49-1 Template:Ntsh0.004–0.09[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Trichlorodifluoropropane C3H3F2Cl3 134237-42-6 Template:Ntsh0.005–0.13[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Dichlorotrifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 134237-43-7 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.12[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,3-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 67406-68-2 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 70192-70-0 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscc 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 7125-99-7 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsda 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 338-75-0 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsea 1,3-Dichloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 151771-08-3 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsec 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 149329-27-1 Template:Ntsh0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chlorotetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 134190-50-4 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsba 2-Chloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 149329-28-2 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsbb 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 421-73-8 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 3-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 679-85-6 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1-Chloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 67406-66-0 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscc 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 421-75-0 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsda 2-Chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 19041-02-2 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsdb 2-Chloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 117970-90-8 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsea 3-Chloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntseb 3-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 151771-09-4 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsec 1-Chloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 149448-09-9 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfa 3-Chloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 149329-29-3 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfb 1-Chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 2730-64-5 Template:Ntsh0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,1,2,2,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 679-86-7 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Ntscb Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 1814-88-6 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsea 1,1,2,3,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 24270-66-4 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntseb 1,1,1,2,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 431-31-2 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsfa 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 460-73-1 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14][17] Template:Nts[5] Template:Nts[11] B1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Ntsmc Methyl pentafluoroethyl ether C3H3F5O 22410-44-2 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsmf Difluoromethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether C3H3F5O 1885-48-9 Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsqc Difluoromethyl 1,1,2-trifluoroethyl ether C3H3F5O 69948-24-9 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Trichlorofluoropropane C3H4FCl3 134190-51-5 Template:Ntsh0.001–0.01[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Dichlorodifluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 134190-52-6 Template:Ntsh0.005–0.04[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1,3-Dichloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 1112-36-3 Template:Ntsh0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 1112-01-2 Template:Ntsh0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsdc 1,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 7126-15-0 Template:Ntsh0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsec 1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 151771-10-7 Template:Ntsh0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chlorotrifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 134237-44-8 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsba 2-Chloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 151771-11-8 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsbb 2-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 69202-10-4 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1-Chloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 56758-54-4 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntscb 1-Chloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 70192-76-6 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsea 3-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 121612-65-5 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntseb 1-Chloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 151771-12-9 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsec 1-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 134251-05-1 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfa 3-Chloro-1,3,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfb 3-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 460-35-5 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfc 1-Chloro-1,1,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 83124-56-5 Template:Ntsh0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntscb 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoropropane C3H4F4 40723-63-5 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntspc Methyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether C3H4F4O 425-88-7 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Dichlorofluoropropane C3H5FCl2 134237-45-9 Template:Ntsh0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsba 1,2-Dichloro-2-fluoropropane C3H5FCl2 420-97-3 Template:Ntsh0.002–0.02[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chlorodifluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 134190-53-7 Template:Ntsh0.002–0.02[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsca 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 420-99-5 Template:Ntsh0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfa 3-Chloro-1,1-difluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 83124-57-6 Template:Ntsh0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfb 1-Chloro-1,3-difluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 151771-13-0 Template:Ntsh0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Nts Trifluoropropane C3H5F3 94458-05-6 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Nts Chlorofluoropropane C3H6FCl 134190-54-8 Template:Ntsh0.001–0.03[15] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsb 2-Chloro-2-fluoropropane C3H6FCl 420-44-0 Template:Ntsh0.001–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsd 2-Chloro-1-fluoropropane C3H6FCl 20372-78-5 Template:Ntsh0.001–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HCFC R-Template:Ntsfb 1-Chloro-1-fluoropropane C3H6FCl 430-55-7 Template:Ntsh0.001–0.03[lower-alpha 2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Nts Difluoropropane C3H6F2 94458-04-5 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Nts Fluoropropane C3H7F 106857-11-8 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HC R-Template:Nts Propane C3H8 or CH3CH2CH3 74-98-6 Template:Nts days[22] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[2]–Template:Nts[22] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts±.2[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
CFC R-Template:NtshC316 Dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane C4Cl2F6 356-18-3 74.6 ± 3(E),114.1 ± 10 (Z)[24] 0.40(E), 0.49(Z)[24] 4,160(E), 5,400(Z)[24] Template:Nts[7]
CFC R-Template:NtshC317 Chloroheptafluorocyclobutane C4ClF7 377-41-3 Template:Nts[7]
PFC R-Template:NtshC318 Octafluorocyclobutane (Perfluorocyclobutane) C4F8 or -(CF2)4- 115-25-3 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
PFC R-Template:Ntsh3-1-10 Decafluorobutane (Perfluorobutane) C4F10 355-25-9 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
HFC R-Template:Ntsccb 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-Nonafluorobutane C4HF9 375-17-7 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntseea 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,4-Octafluorobutane C4H2F8 75995-72-1 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsccd 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-Heptafluorobutane C4H3F7 662-00-0 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsmcc Perfluoropropyl methyl ether C4H3F7O 375-03-1 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsmmy Perfluoroisopropyl methyl ether C4H3F7O 22052-84-2 Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[3] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:Ntsmfc 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorobutane C4H5F5 406-58-6 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14][17] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7]
PFC R-Template:Ntsh4-1-12 Dodecafluoropentane (Perfluoropentane) C5F12 678-26-2 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7]
PFC R-Template:Ntsh5-1-14 Tetradecafluorohexane (Perfluorohexane) C6F14 355-42-0 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[14] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
CFC R-Template:Nts R-12/114(50/50 wt%) OR
(60/40)(must be specified)		 50% CCl2F2Template:·50% C2F4Cl2 OR
60% CCl2F2Template:·40% C2F4Cl2		 Template:Ntsh200Template:Refn OR
180Template:Refn		 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Ntsh10,450Template:Refn
10,540Template:Refn		 Template:Nts[11] A1[11]
1,000[11] A1[11]		 Template:Ntsh28,000[11]
30,000[11]		 Template:Ntsh160[11]
170[11]		 Template:Ntsh141.6[7]
136.9[7]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-22/152a/124 (53±2/13+.5,-1.5/34±1) 53±2% CHClF2Template:·13+.5,-1.5% C2H4F2Template:·34±1% C2HF4Cl MP-39[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−34.4/−28.8[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsB R-22/152a/124 (61±2/11+.5,-1.5/28±1) 61±2% CHClF2Template:·11+.5,-1.5% C2H4F2Template:·28±1% C2HF4Cl MP-66[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−35.7/−30.8[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsC R-22/152a/124 (33±2/15+.5,-1.5/52±1) 33±2% CHClF2Template:·15+.5,-1.5% C2H4F2Template:·52±1% C2HF4Cl MP-52[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−30.5/−23.8[19]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/290/22 (60±2/2±1/38±2) 60±2% C2HF5Template:·2±1% C3H8Template:·38±2%  CHClF2 HP-80[9][25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−49.2/−47.0[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsB R-125/290/22 (38±2/2±1/60±2) 38±2% C2HF5Template:·2±1% C3H8Template:·60±2% CHClF2 HP-81[9][25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−47.2/−44.9[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-290/22/218 (5+.2,-2/75±2/20±0) 5+.2,-2% C3H8Template:·75±2% CHClF2Template:·20±0% C3F8 ISCEON 69-S[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[26] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−44.0/−42.3[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsB R-290/22/218 (5+.2,-2/56±2/39±0) 5+.2,-2% C3H8Template:·56±2% CHClF2Template:·39±0% C3F8 ISCEON 69-L[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−43.8/−42.3[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/143a/134a (44±2/52±1/4±2) 44±2% C2HF5Template:·52±1% C2H3F3Template:·4±2% C2H2F4 HP-62,[9][25] FX-70[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−46.6/−45.8[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-22/152a/142b/C318 (45±0/7±1/5.5±1/42.5±2) 45±0% CHClF2Template:·7±1% C2H4F2Template:·5.5±1% C2H3F2ClTemplate:·42.5±2% C4F8 GREENCOOL G2015[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1? Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−32.9/−24.5[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC [[R-406A|R-Template:NtsA]] R-22/600a/142b (55±2/4±1/41±0) 55±2% CHClF2Template:·4±1% C4H10Template:·41±0% C2H3F2Cl GHG[9][25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−32.7/−23.5[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsB R-22/600a/142b (65±2/4±1/31±0) 65±2% CHClF2Template:·4±1% C4H10Template:·31±0% C2H3F2Cl GHG-HP[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts? A2? Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7]
HFC [[R-407A|R-Template:NtsA]] R-32/125/134a (20±2/40±2/40±2) 20±2% CH2F2Template:·40±2% C2HF5Template:·40±2% C2H2F4 Klea 60[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−45.2/−38.7[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsB R-32/125/134a (10±2/70±2/20±2) 10±2% CH2F2Template:·70±2% C2HF5Template:·20±2% C2H2F4 Klea 61[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−46.8/−42.4[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC [[R-407c|R-Template:NtsC]] R-32/125/134a (23±2/25±2/52±2) 23±2% CH2F2Template:·25±2% C2HF5Template:·52±2% C2H2F4 Klea 66,[9] AC9000[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−43.8/−36.7[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsD R-32/125/134a (15±2/15±2/70±2) 15±2% CH2F2Template:·15±2% C2HF5Template:·70±2% C2H2F4 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−39.4/−32.7[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsE R-32/125/134a (25±2/15±2/60±2) 25±2% CH2F2Template:·15±2% C2HF5Template:·60±2% C2H2F4 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−42.8/−35.6[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsF R-32/125/134a (30±2/30±2/40±2) 30±2% CH2F2Template:·30±2% C2HF5Template:·40±2% C2H2F4 Genetron Performax LT[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[28] A1[28] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−46.1/−39.7[28]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/143a/22 (7±2/46±1/47±2) 7±2% C2HF5Template:·46±1% C2H3F3Template:·47±2% CHClF2 FX-10[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−45.5/−45.0[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-22/124/142b (60±2/25±2/15±1) 60±2% CHClF2Template:·25±2% C2HF4ClTemplate:·15±1% C2H3F2Cl FX-56[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−35.4/−27.5[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsB R-22/124/142b (65±2/25±2/10±1) 65±2% CHClF2Template:·25±2% C2HF4ClTemplate:·10±1% C2H3F2Cl FX-57[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−36.5/−29.7[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC [[R-410A|R-Template:NtsA]] R-32/125 (50+.5,–1.5/50+1.5,–.5) 50+.5,–1.5% CH2F2Template:·50+1.5,–.5% CHF2CF3[29] AZ-20,[9] Puron,[9] Suva 9100[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−51.6/−51.5[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsB R-32/125 (45±1/55±1) 45±1% CH2F2Template:·55±1% CHF2CF3[29] AC9100[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts? A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−51.5/−51.4[19]
HCFO R-Template:NtsA R-1270/22/152a (1.5+0,–1/87.5+2,–0/11+0,–1) 1.5+0,–1% C3H6Template:·87.5+2,–0% CHClF2Template:·11+0,–1% C2H4F2 GREENCOOL G2018a[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−39.7/−37.2[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFO R-Template:NtsB R-1270/22/152a (3+0,–1/94+2,–0/3+0,–1) 3+0,–1% C3H6Template:·94+2,–0% CHClF2Template:·3+0,–1% C2H4F2 GREENCOOL G2018b[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−41.6/−41.3[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFO R-Template:NtsC R-1270/22/152a (3+0,–1/95.5+2,–0/1.5+0,–1) 3+0,–1% C3H6Template:·95.5+2,–0% CHClF2Template:·1.5+0,–1% C2H4F2 GREENCOOL G2018c[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts? A2? Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-22/218/142b (70±2/5±2/25±1) 70±2% CHClF2Template:·5±2% C3F8Template:·25±1% C2H3F2Cl Arcton TP5R[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−36.4/−28.8[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-218/134a/600a (9±1/88±2/3+0,–1) 9±1% C3F8Template:·88±2% C2H2F4Template:·3+0,–1% C4H10 ISCEON 49[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−29.3/−27.6[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-22/124/600a/142b (51±2/28.5±2/4±.5/16.5+.5,–1) 51±2% CHClF2Template:·28.5±2% C2HF4ClTemplate:·4±.5% C4H10Template:·16.5+.5,–1% C2H3F2Cl GHG-X4,[9] Autofrost,[9] Chill-It[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−34.0/−25.8[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsB R-22/124/600a/142b (50±2/39±2/1.5±.5/9.5+.5,–1) 50±2% CHClF2Template:·39±2% C2HF4ClTemplate:·1.5±.5% C4H10Template:·9.5+.5,–1% C2H3F2Cl Hot Shot,[9][25] Kar Kool[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−34.4/−26.1[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-22/152a (82±1/18±1) 82±1% CHClF2Template:·18±1% C2H4F2 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−37.5/−34.7[19]
HCFC R-Template:NtsB R-22/152a (25±1/75±1) 25±1% CHClF2Template:·75±1% C2H4F2 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−23.4/−21.8[19]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-134a/124/600 (59+.5,–1/39.5+1,–.5/1.5+1,–.2) 59+.5,-1% C2H2F4Template:·39.5+1,–.5% C2HF4ClTemplate:·1.5+1,–.2% C4H10 FRIGC (FR-12)[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−38.0/−32.9[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/134a/600 (46.6±1.1/50±1/3.4+.1,–.4) 46.6±1.1% C2HF5Template:·50±1% C2H2F4Template:·3.4+.1,–.4% C4H10 ISCEON 59,[9] NU-22[9] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−41.2/−40.1[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsB R-125/134a/600 (79±1/18.3±1/2.7+.1,–.5) 79±1% C2HF5Template:·18.3±1% C2H2F4Template:·2.7+.1,–.5% C4H10 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[28] A1[28] Template:Nts[28] Template:Nts[28] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−44.9/−41.5[28]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-290/22/152a (1.5±.5/96±1/2.5±.5) 1.5±.5% C3H8Template:·96±1% CHClF2Template:·2.5±.5% C2H4F2 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−42.6/−36.0[19]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/134a/E170 (77±1/19±1/4±1) 77±1% C2HF5Template:·19±1% C2H2F4Template:·4±1% C2H6O Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A2[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−25.0/−24.2[19]
HCFC R-Template:NtsA R-134a/142b (88+1,–0/12+0,–1) 88+1,–0% C2H2F4Template:·12+0,–1% C2H3F2Cl Choice Refrigerant[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−34.4/−28.8[19]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/134a (58±1/42±1) 58±1% C2HF5Template:·42±1% C2H2F4 Choice R421A[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsB R-125/134a (85±1/15±1) 85±1% C2HF5Template:·15±1% C2H2F4 Choice 421B[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/134a/600a (85.1±1/11.5±1/3.4+.1,–.4) 85.1±1% C2HF5Template:·11.5±1% C2H2F4Template:·3.4+.1,–.4% C4H10 ISCEON 79[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsB (NU-22B) R-125/134a/600a (55±1/42±1/3+.1,–.5) 55±1% C2HF5Template:·42±1% C2H2F4Template:·3+.1,–.5% C4H10 ICOR XAC1[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsC R-125/134a/600a (82±1/15±1/3+.1,–.5) 82±1% C2HF5Template:·15±1% C2H2F4Template:·3+.1,–.5% C4H10 ICOR XLT1[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsD R-125/134a/600a (65.1+.9,–1.1/31.5±1/3.4+.1,–.4) 65.1+.9,–1.1% C2HF5Template:·31.5±1% C2H2F4Template:·3.4+.1,–.4% C4H10 ISCEON MO29[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-134a/227ea (52.5±1/47.5±1) 52.5±1% C2H2F4Template:·47.5±1% C3HF7 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/134a/600a/600/601a (50.5±1/47±1/.9+.1,–.2/1+.1,+.2/.6+.1,–.2) 50.5±1% C2HF5Template:·47±1% C2H2F4Template:·1.9+.3,–.1% C4H10Template:·.6+.1,–.2% C5H12 RS-44 (new comp.)[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-32/134a/227ea (18.5±.5/69.5±.5/12±.5) 18.5±.5% CH2F2Template:·69.5±.5% C2H2F4Template:·12±.5% C3HF7 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/134a/600/601a (5.1±1/93±1/1.3+.1,–.2/.6+.1,–.2) 5.1±1% C2HF5Template:·93±1% C2H2F4Template:·1.3+.1,–.2% C4H10Template:·.6+.1,–.2% C5H12 RS-24 (new comp.)[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-32/125/143a/134a (15±2/25±2/10±2/50±2) 15±2% CH2F2Template:·25±2% C2HF5Template:·10±2% C2H3F3Template:·50±2% C2H2F4 Forane 427A[25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/143a/290/600a (77.5±1/20±1/.6+.1,–.2/1.9+.1,–.2) 77.5±1% C2HF5Template:·20±1% C2H3F3Template:·.6+.1,–.2% C3H8Template:·1.9+.1,–.2% C4H10 RS-52[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[30] Template:Nts[30] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-E170/152a/600a (60±1/10±1/30±1) 60±1% C2H6OTemplate:·10±1% C2H4F2Template:·30±1% C4H10 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-152a/600a (76±1/24±1) 76±1% C2H4F2Template:·24±1% C4H10 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-290/152a (71±1/29±1) 71±1% C3H8Template:·29±1% C2H4F2 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HO R-Template:NtsA R-1270/E170 (80±1/20±1) 80±1% C3H6Template:·20±1% C2H6O Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7]
HO R-Template:NtsA R-1270/290 (30±1/70±1) 30±1% C3H6Template:·70±1% C3H8 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−44.6/−44.2?
HO R-Template:NtsB R-1270/290 (5±1/95±1) 5±1% C3H6Template:·95±1% C3H8 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[31] A3[31] Template:Nts[31] Template:Nts[31] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−42.7/−42.5[31]
HO R-Template:NtsC R-1270/290 (25±1/75±1) 25±1% C3H6Template:·75±1% C3H8 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[31] A3[31] Template:Nts[31] Template:Nts[31] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−44.3/−43.9[31]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/143a/134a/600a (63.2±1/18±1/16±1/2.8+.1,–.2) 63.2±1% C2HF5Template:·18±1% C2H3F3Template:·16±1% C2H2F4Template:·2.8+.1,–.2% C4H10 RS-45[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−45.0/−42.3[32]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-E170/152a (80±1/20±1) 80±1% C2H6OTemplate:·20±1% C2H4F2 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−26.1/−25.9[11]
HC R-Template:NtsA R-290/600a (56±1/44±1) 56±1% C3H8Template:·44±1% C4H10 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−34.3/−26.2[11]
HC R-Template:NtsB R-290/600a (52±1/48±1) 52±1% C3H8Template:·48±1% C4H10 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−33.4/−25.0[11]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-125/134a/600/601 (19.5+.5,–1.8/78.5+1.5,–.7/1.4+.1,–.2/.6+.1,–.2) 19.5+.5,–1.8% C2HF5Template:·78.5+1.5,–.7% C2H2F4Template:·1.4+.1,–.2% C4H10Template:·.6+.1,–.2% C5H12 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−32.9/−29.2[11]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-32/125/134a/600/601a (8.5+.5,-1.5/45±1.5/44.2±1.5/1.7+.1,-.2/.6+.1,-.2) 8.5+.5,-1.5% CH2F2Template:·45±1.5% C2HF5Template:·44.2±1.5% C2H2F4Template:·1.7+.1,-.2% C4H10Template:·.6+.1,-.2% C5H12 KDD5,[25] ISCEON MO99[25] Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Nts[26] A1[26] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−43.0/−36.4[26]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-32/125/600a (50±1/47±1/3±.5) 50±1% CH2F2Template:·47±1% C2HF5Template:·3±.5% C4H10 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[18] A2[18] Template:Nts[18] Template:Nts[18] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−52.0/−51.8[18]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-290/134a/152a (.6±.1/1.6±.6/97.8±.5) .6±.1% C3H8Template:·1.6±.6% C2H2F4Template:·97.8±.5% C2H4F2 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[18] A2[18] Template:Nts[18] Template:Nts[18] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−25.5/−24.3[18]
HC R-Template:NtsA R-170/290/600a/600 (3.1±.3/54.8±2/6±.6/36.1±2) 3.1±.3% C2H6Template:·54.8±2% C3H8Template:·42.1±2.6% C4H10 HCR-188C[25] Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[18] A3[18] Template:Nts[18] Template:Nts[18] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−41.9/−20.4[18]
HFC /

HFO[33]

R-Template:NtsA R-32/125/134a/1234ze/1234yf

(26%/26%/21%/7%/20%)[33]

26% CH2F2 Template:·
26% C2HF5 Template:·
21% C2H2F4 Template:·

7% C3H2F4 Template:·
20% C3H2F4[33]

Solistice N-40[33] 0[33] 1273[33] A1[33] 86.3[34] Template:Nts[34] Template:Nts[33] 4,660[33]
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-32/R-125/134a/1234yf
(24.3%/24.7%/25.7%/25.3%) 		24.3% CH2F2 Template:·
24.7% C2HF5 Template:·
25.7% C2H2F4 Template:·
25.3% C3H2F4 		Forane 449a[35] 0 Template:Nts[35] A1[35] 87.2[35] Template:Nts[35] Template:Nts[35]
HFO R-452A R-32/R-125/1234yf
(11%/59%/30%) 		11% CH2F2 Template:·
59% C2HF5 Template:·
30% C3H2F4 		Opteon™️ XP44, Solstice® R452A
HFO R-Template:NtsB R-32/R-125/1234yf
(67.0%/7.0%/26.0%) 		67.0% CH2F2 Template:·
7.0% C2HF5 Template:·
26.0% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL55,[36] Solstice L41y[37] 0 Template:Nts[36][37] A2L[37] 63.5[37] Template:Ntsh−50.9/−50.1[37] Template:Nts[37] 5,220[37]
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-32/125/134a/227ea/600/601a
(20%/20%/53.8%/5%/0.6%/0.6%) 		20.0% CH2F2 Template:·
20.0% C2HF5 Template:·
53.8% C2H2F4 Template:·
5.0% C3HF7 Template:·
0.6% C4H10 Template:·
0.6% C5H12 		RS-70[38] 0 Template:Nts[38] 1,000[38] A1[38] 88.8[38] Template:Nts[38] Template:Nts[38] 4,530[38]
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-32/1234yf (35.0%/65.0%) 35.0% CH2F2 Template:·
65.0% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL40[39] 0 Template:Nts[39] A2L[39] 80.5[39] Template:Nts[39] Template:Nts[39]
HFO [[R-454B|R-Template:NtsB]] R-32/1234yf (68.9%/31.1%) 68.9% CH2F2 Template:·
31.1% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL41,[40] Puron Advance[41] 0 Template:Nts[40] A2L[40] 62.6[40] Template:Nts[40] Template:Nts[40]
HFO R-Template:NtsC R-32/1234yf (21.5%/78.5%) 21.5% CH2F2 Template:·
78.5% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL20[42] 0 Template:Nts[42] A2L[42] 90.8[42] Template:Nts[42] Template:Nts[42]
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-1234yf/32/744 (75.5%/21.5%/3%) 21.5% CH2F2 Template:·
75.5% C3H2F4 Template:·
3% CO2 		Solstice L40x[43] 0 Template:Nts[43] A2L[43] 87.5[43] Template:Ntsh−52.3/−39.4[43] Template:Nts[43] 4,660[43]
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-32/134a/1234ze(E) (6.0%/45.0%/49.0%) 6.0% CH2F2 Template:·
45.0% C2H2F4 Template:·
49.0% C3H2F4 		0 687 Template:Nts
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-32/152a/1234yf
(18.0%/12.0%/70.0%) 		18.0% CH2F2 Template:·
12.0% C2H4F2 Template:·
70.0% C3H2F4 		Forane 457a[44] 0 Template:Nts[45] A2L[45] Template:Nts
HFC R-Template:NtsA R-32/125/134a/227ea/236fa (20.5%/4.0%/61.4%/13.5%/0.6%) 20.5% CH2F2Template:·
4.0% C2HF5Template:·
61.4% C2H3F3Template:·
13.5% C3HF7Template:·
0.6% C3H2F6 		0 Template:Nts"#cite_note-Federal_Register_" contains a listed "#" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid. Template:Nts
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-32/1234yf(E)/1234ze(E) (68.0%/26.0%/6.0%) 68.0% CH2F2 Template:·
26.0% C3H2F4 Template:·
6.0% C3H2F4 		Forane 459a[44] 0 460
HFC/H R-466A R-32/125/13I1 (49/11.5/39.5) 49% CH2F2Template:·
11.5% C2HF5Template:·
39.5% CIF3 		Solstice N41[47] 0[47] 733[47] A1[47] −51.7[47] 76.5[47] 5144[47]
HCFC R-Template:Nts R-12/152a (73.8/26.2) 73.8% CCl2F2Template:·26.2% C2H4F2 Carrene #7[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh−33/0[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts R-22/12 (75/25) 75% CHClF2Template:·25% CCl2F2 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/−41[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts R-22/115 (48.8/51.2) 48.8% CHClF2Template:·51.2% C2F5Cl Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/19[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts R-23/13 (40.1/59.9) 40.1% CHF3Template:·59.9% CClF3 Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1? Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/88[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts R-32/115 (48.2/51.8) 48.2% CH2F2Template:·51.8% C2F5Cl Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1? Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/17[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts R-12/31 (78/22) 78% CCl2F2Template:·22% CH2FCl Template:Nts+Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts+Template:Refn Template:Nts? B2? Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/115[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts R-31/114 (55.1/44.9) 55.1% CH2FClTemplate:·44.9% C2F4Cl2 Template:Nts+Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts+Template:Refn Template:Nts? B2? Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/18[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Nts[A] R-125/143a (50/50) 50% C2HF5Template:·50% C2H3F3 AZ-50[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/−40[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:Nts[A] R-23/116 (39/61) 39% CHF3Template:·61% C2F6 Klea 5R3[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/−86[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFC R-Template:NtsB R-23/116 (46/54) 46% CHF3Template:·54% C2F6 Suva 95[9][25] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Ntsh-88.3/−45.6[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCFC R-Template:Nts[A] R-22/218 (44/56) 44% CHClF2Template:·56% C3F8 Arcton TP5R2[9] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/0[19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Nts[A] R-E170/600a (88±.5/12±.5) 88±.5% C2H6OTemplate:·12±.5% C4H10 Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Ntsh<0(smog)Template:Refn Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/−25.2[11]
HC R-Template:Nts[A] R-290/E170 (95±1/5±1) 95±1% C3H8Template:·5±1% C2H6O Template:Nts?Template:Refn Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:NtsTemplate:Refn Template:Nts[27] A3[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts/−20-40[27]
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-1234yf/134a (56%/44%) 56% C3H2F4 Template:·44% C2H2F4 Template:Nts[48] Template:Nts[48] A1[48] Template:Nts[48] Template:Nts[48] Template:Nts[48] Template:Nts[45]
HFO R-Template:NtsA R-1336mzz-Z/trans-1,2-Dichloroethene(t-DCE)(74.7%/25.3%)[49] 74.7% C4H2F6 Template:·25.3% C2H2CL2[50] Template:Nts Template:Nts B1 Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts
HFO R-Template:NtsB R-1234ze/227ea Template:Nts[51]
HC R-Template:Nts Butane C4H10 or CH3CH2CH2CH3 106-97-8 Template:Nts days[22] Template:Nts[17] Template:Nts[2]–Template:Nts[22] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts? Template:Nts? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[19]±1[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Ntsa Isobutane C4H10 or CH(CH3)2CH3 75-28-5 Template:Nts ± 3[52][lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[17][53] Template:Nts[53] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Nts Pentane C5H12 or CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 109-66-0 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[17] Template:Nts ± 2[lower-alpha 6] Template:Nts[11] A3[32] Template:Nts[32] Template:Nts[32] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[32]±.2[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Ntsa Isopentane C5H12 or (CH3)2CHCH2CH3 78-78-4 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[17] Template:Nts ± 2[lower-alpha 6] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Nts Ethoxyethane (Diethyl ether) CH3CH2OCH2CH3 60-29-7 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts ± 2[lower-alpha 6] Template:Nts[11] A3? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC R-Template:Nts Methyl formate HCOOCH3 107-31-3 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[17][53] Template:Ntsh< 25[17][53] Template:Nts[11] B2[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HC Template:Hidden sort keyTemplate:NtshHC-12a Propane/isobutane[54] 40–70% C3H8 · 30–60% C4H6 (by volume) Template:Nts
HC Template:Hidden sort keyTemplate:NtshHC-22a Propane[54] C3H8 98% by volume Template:Nts
HC Template:Hidden sort keyTemplate:NtshHC-502a Propane/ethane[54] C3H8 60–100% · C2H6 3-7% (by volume) Template:Nts
HFC / HFO Template:Hidden sort keyTemplate:NtshDR-14A[55] Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts
HFC Template:Hidden sort keyTemplate:NtshSP34E[56] R-134a (98.5%) C2H2F4 (98.5%)
R-Template:Nts Methylamine CH3NH2 74-89-5 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
R-Template:Nts Ethylamine CH3CH2(NH2) 75-04-7 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
R-Template:Nts Hydrogen H2 1333-74-0 Template:Nts[2] Template:Ntsh A3[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Helium He 7440-59-7 Template:NtshUnlimited[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts? A1[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Ammonia NH3 7664-41-7 Template:Ntsh< 0.019165[57] Template:Nts[57] Template:Nts[57] Template:Nts[11] B2L[18] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[58] Template:Nts[58]
R-Template:Nts Water/Steam H2O 7732-18-5 Template:Nts Template:Nts[59] Template:Nts ± 0.2[2] Template:Ntsh A1[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[19] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Neon Ne 7440-01-9 Template:NtshUnlimited[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts? A1[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Nitrogen N2 7727-37-9 Template:NtshUnlimited[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Ntsh A1[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Air N2/O2/Ar (78.082/20.945/.934 vol%) 78.082% N2Template:·20.945% O2Template:·.934% Ar Template:NtshUnlimited[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[59][lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts+[2] Template:Ntsh A1? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts? Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
R-Template:Nts Oxygen O2 7782-44-7 Template:NtshUnlimited[lower-alpha 7] Template:Ntsh< 0[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Ntsh A1? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Argon Ar 7440-37-1 Template:NtshUnlimited[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts? A1[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Carbon dioxide CO2 124-38-9 Template:Ntsh29,300-36,100[60] Template:Nts[17] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A1[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts at 518 kPaTemplate:Refn[61] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:NtsA Nitrous oxide N2O 10024-97-2 Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[20] Template:Nts[5] Template:Ntsh A1? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
R-Template:Nts Sulfur dioxide SO2 7446-09-5 Template:Nts[62] B1[11] Template:Nts[62] Template:Nts[62] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][19] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
R-Template:Nts Krypton Kr 7439-90-9 Template:NtshUnlimited[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 7] Template:Nts? A1? Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[21] Template:Nts[21]
CFO R-Template:Ntsa 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethylene C2Cl2F2 79-35-6 Template:Nts[7]
CFO R-Template:Nts Chlorotrifluoroethylene C2ClF3 79-38-9 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
PFO R-Template:Nts Tetrafluoroethylene C2F4 116-14-3 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
HCO R-Template:Nts Trichloroethylene (trielene) C2HCl3 79-01-6 Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCO R-Template:Nts(E) trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene C2H2Cl2 156-60-5 Template:Nts[17] Template:Ntsh< 25[17] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFO R-Template:Ntsa 1,1-Difluoroethylene C2H2F2 75-38-7 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[63] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HCO R-Template:Nts Chloroethylene (vinyl chloride) C2H3Cl 75-01-4 Template:Nts? B3[6] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFO R-Template:Nts Fluoroethylene (vinyl fluoride) C2H3F 75-02-5 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
HO R-Template:Nts Ethene (Ethylene) CH2=CH2 74-85-1 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
PFO R-Template:Nts Hexafluoropropylene C3F6 116-15-4 Template:Nts+[2][3] Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts+[2] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8]
PFO R-Template:Nts Hexafluoropropene trimer (C3F6)3 6792-31-0 Template:Nts[lower-alpha 4] Template:Nts[7]
HCFO R-Template:Ntsyd(Z) (Z)-2,3,3,3,-Tetrafluoro-1-Chloropropene[64][65][66] (Z)-CF3-CF=CHCl 111512-60-8 0.032 (21 days)[67] 0.00012[67] <1[67] 148.5[67] 14°C[67] 156°C[67] 3330[67]
HCFO R-Template:Ntszd(E) trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene C3H2ClF3 102687-65-0 Template:Nts[68] Template:Nts[68] Template:Nts[68] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts
HFO R-Template:Ntsyf 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene C3H2F4 754-12-1 Template:Nts[69] Template:Nts[53] Template:Nts[53][70][69] Template:Nts[71] A2L[18] Template:Nts[72] Template:Nts[72] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[72]
HFO R-Template:Ntsze(E) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene C3H2F4 29118-24-9 Template:Nts[53] Template:Nts[53][70] Template:Nts[27] A2L[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[27] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8][27]
HO R-Template:Nts Propene (Propylene) C3H6 or CH3CH=CH2 115-07-1 Template:Nts ± 3[lower-alpha 5] Template:Ntsh< 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] Template:Nts[2] Template:Nts[11] A3[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[11] Template:Nts[7] Template:Nts[8] Template:Nts[9] Template:Nts[9]
HFO R-Template:Ntsmzz(E)[55] trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene C4H2F6 66711-86-2 Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts
HFO R-Template:Ntsmzz(Z) (DR-2)[55][73] cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene CF3CH=CHCF3(Z) 692-49-9 Template:Nts Template:Nts A1 Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts
T
y
p
e 		ASHRAE
number 		IUPAC chemical name Molecular
formula 		CAS no/
blend
name 		Atmospheric
lifetime
(years) 		Semi-
empirical
ODP 		Net
GWP
100-yr 		OEL/PEL
ppm (v/v) &
ASHRAE 34
safety group 		RCL/IDLH Molecular
mass
Da 		Boiling, or
bubble/dew
/azeotropic
point(s) °C 		Critical
temp.
°C 		Critical
pressure,
absolute
kPa
ppm
(v/v) 		g/m3

Script error: No such module "anchor". Type and flammability

Legends
Types / Prefixes[74]
Type Meaning Atoms in the Molecule
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon Cl, F, C
CFO Chlorofluoroolefin
HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon H, Cl, F, C
HCFO Hydrochlorofluoroolefin
HFC Hydrofluorocarbon H, F, C
HFO Hydrofluoroolefin
HCC Hydrochlorocarbon H, Cl, C
HCO Hydrochloroolefin
HC Hydrocarbon H, C
HO Olefin (Alkene)
PFC Perfluorocarbon F, C
PFO Perfluoroolefin
PCC Perchlorocarbon Cl, C
H Halon/Haloalkane Br, Cl (in some but not all), F, H (in some but not all), C
Safety Classification of Refrigerants[75]
Flammability in Air @ 60 °C & 101.3 kPa ASHRAE 34 Safety group
Higher Flammability
LFL or ETFL60 = 100 g/m3 OR HOC = 19 MJ/kg[76]		 A3 B3
Lower Flammability
LFL or ETFL60 > 100 g/m3 & HOC < 19 MJ/kg[76]		 A2 B2
Lower Flammability
LFL or ETFL60 > 100 g/m3 & HOC < 19 MJ/kg[76]
with a maximum burning velocity of = 10 cm/s		 A2L B2L
No flame Propagation A1 B1
Flammability in Air @ 60 °C & 101.3 kPa Lower Toxicity
OEL ≥ 400 ppm[28]		 Higher Toxicity
OEL < 400 ppm[28]

LFL = Lower Flammability Limit
ETFL60 = Elevated Temperature Flame Limit @ 60 °C
HOC = Heat Of Combustion

Compounds used as refrigerants may be described using either the appropriate prefix above or with the prefixes "R-" or "Refrigerant." Thus, CFC-12 may also be written as R-12 or Refrigerant 12.
An alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated compound containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.[77]

Educated Estimates

Template:Reflist

See also

References

Template:Reflist

Notes

Template:Reflist

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named AR4
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WMO2006
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae Myhre, G., D. Shindell, F.‐M. Bréon, W. Collins, J. Fuglestvedt, J. Huang, D. Koch, J.‐F. Lamarque, D. Lee, B. Mendoza, T. Nakajima, A. Robock, G. Stephens, T. Takemura and H. Zhang, 2013: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.‐K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US.
  6. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE1997-34a-f,h,j-l,o-p
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Wieser
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WP-ChemBox
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Schoen
  10. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34m-v
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EPAodsC1
  13. ↑ a b c d Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2019-34t
  14. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EPAodsSub
  15. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EPAodsC2
  16. ↑ The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. UNEP, 2000. Template:ISBN
  17. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named FTOC2006
  18. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2010-34e-h
  19. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2004-34d,j,l-m,t
  20. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Ravishankara
  21. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Critical point (thermodynamics)#Table of liquid–vapor critical temperature and pressure for selected substances
  22. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lide
  24. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EPAblend
  26. ↑ a b c d Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34af-g
  27. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2010-34i-l,n-o
  28. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2010-34a-b,d
  29. ↑ a b IPCC Assessment Report 4 (AR4) 2007, Table 2.14, page 212
  30. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34a-h
  31. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34x-y,aa-e
  32. ↑ a b c d e Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34i-k
  33. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Dead link
  37. ↑ a b c d e f g Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Dead link
  40. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Dead link
  43. ↑ a b c d e f g Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. "#cite_ref-Federal_Register_" contains a listed "#" character as part of the property label and has therefore been classified as invalid. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ a b c d e f g Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ a b c d e f Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Opteon
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Safety
  53. ↑ a b c d e f g h Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EPAhfc
  54. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named IIAR
  58. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named et971
  59. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named et1220
  60. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named carbon_lifetime1
  61. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Span_1996
  62. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named CDCso2
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ a b c d e f g Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Honeywell
  69. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named GM1234yf
  70. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  71. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2010-34c
  72. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34w
  73. ↑ https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2524&context=iracc Template:Bare URL PDF
  74. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named epaScheme
  75. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34ak
  76. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ASHRAE2007-34z
  77. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Wade


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