List of large aircraft

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File:Giant planes comparison.svg
A size comparison of five of the largest aircraft: <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  Airbus A380
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  Antonov An-225 Mriya
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  Boeing 747-8
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  Hughes H-4 Hercules
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  Stratolaunch

This is a list of large aircraft, including three types: fixed wing, rotary wing, and airships.

The US Federal Aviation Administration defines a large aircraft as any aircraft with a certificated maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of more than Script error: No such module "convert". [1]

The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) defines a large aircraft as either "an aeroplane with a maximum take-off mass of more than Script error: No such module "convert". or a multi-engined helicopter."[2]

Fixed-wing

File:Antonov 225 (2010).jpg
Antonov An-225

Template:Avilisthead |- ! Type !! First flight ! Role !! Built !! Length !! Span !! MTOW !! Capacity ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | Ilya Muromets || 1913 | airliner/bomber || 85+ || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 4.527 tons || Pax: 16 | First multi-engine aircraft in serial production, Russky Vityaz development |- | Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI || 1916 | Bomber || 56 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 11.613 tons || | Largest WWI aircraft in regular service |- style="font-style: italic; background-color: lightgrey" | Tarrant Tabor || 1919 | Bomber || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 19.97 tons || Template:Cvt | Crashed on first flight |- | Dornier Do X || Script error: No such module "sort". | Flying boat || 3 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 51.1787 tons || Pax: 100 | Then longest, widest and heaviest |- style="font-style: italic; background-color: lightgrey" | Kalinin K-7 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 45.77 tons || Pax: 120 | Widest aircraft until the Tupolev ANT-20 |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Tupolev ANT-20 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 2 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 52.16 tons || Pax: 72 | Widest and heaviest until the Douglas XB-19 |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Douglas XB-19 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Bomber || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 72.34 tons || | Longest until the Laté. 631, widest until the B-36, heaviest until the Martin Mars |- | Messerschmitt Me 323 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 198 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 42.32 tons || 11.81 tons | Highest cargo capacity land-based World War II transport |- | Martin JRM Mars || Script error: No such module "sort". | Flying boat || 7 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 73.62 tons || 14.76 tons | Heaviest until the Junkers 390, Largest serial production flying boat |- | Latécoère 631 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Flying boat || 11 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 70.27 tons || Pax: 46 | Longest until the Convair B-36 |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Junkers Ju 390 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Bomber || 2 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 74.31 tons || 9.84 tons | Heaviest until the BV 238, Junkers entry for the Amerika Bomber project |- style="font-style: italic; background-color: lightgrey" | Blohm & Voss BV 238 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Flying boat || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 98.42 tons || | Heaviest built during WWII, destroyed in 1945 |- | Convair B-36|| Script error: No such module "sort". | Bomber || 384 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 183.06 tons || | Heaviest until the B-52, longest and widest until the Hughes H-4 |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Hughes H-4 Hercules (Spruce Goose) || Script error: No such module "sort". | Flying boat || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 177.15 tons || | Longest until the Lockheed C-5 Galaxy and widest until the Stratolaunch |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Convair XC-99 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 142.71 tons || 44.28 tons | B-36 development, most capable transport aircraft until the An-22 |- | Boeing B-52|| Script error: No such module "sort". | Bomber || 744 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 216.525 tons || | Heaviest until the XB-70, still in service |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | XB-70|| Script error: No such module "sort". | Bomber || 2 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 242.115 tons || | Heaviest until the An-22, Mach 3 prototype bomber |- | Antonov An-22 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 68 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 246.05 tons || 80 t | Heaviest until the C-5, Heaviest turboprop aircraft |- style="font-style: italic; background-color: lightgrey" | Caspian Sea Monster || Script error: No such module "sort". | Ekranoplan || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert".37.6 m || 535.41 tons|| |Ground-effect vehicle. Heaviest and longest flying vehicle until the An-225, 1980 crash |- | Lockheed C-5 Galaxy || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 131 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 410.41 tons || 125.49 tons | Largest payload capacity until the An-124 |- | Boeing 747 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Airliner || 1557 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 406.86 tons || Pax: 550/660 | Highest passenger capacity airliner until the Airbus A380 |- | Antonov An-124 || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 55 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 395.65 tons || 147.63 tons | Most capable transport until the An-225 |- style="font-style: italic; background-color: lightgrey" | Antonov An-225 Mriya || Script error: No such module "sort". | Transport || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 629.89 tons || 246.05 tons | Heaviest aircraft and most capable transport, destroyed in 2022 |- | Airbus Beluga || Script error: No such module "sort". | Outsize cargo || 5 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 152.55 t || Script error: No such module "convert". | Airbus A300 derivative, largest volume until the Dreamlifter |- | Airbus A380|| Script error: No such module "sort". | Airliner || 254 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 565.92 tons || Pax: 850 | Highest passenger capacity airliner |- | Boeing Dreamlifter || Script error: No such module "sort". | Outsize cargo || 4 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 358.25 tons || Script error: No such module "convert". | Boeing 747-400 derivative, largest volume until the BelugaXL |- | Airbus BelugaXL|| Script error: No such module "sort". | Outsize cargo || 6 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 223.41 tons|| Script error: No such module "convert". | Airbus A330 derivative, largest volume |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Scaled Composites 351 Stratolaunch || Script error: No such module "sort". | Air launch || 1 || Script error: No such module "convert". || Script error: No such module "convert". || 580.68 t || 246.052 t | Current heaviest and widest, prototype air-launch-to-orbit carrier |}

Projects

Template:Avilisthead |- ! Type ! Proposed ! data-sort-type=number | MTOW ! class="unsortable"| Notes |- | Poll Triplane | 1917 (circa) || | 50 m wingspan[3] |- | Victory Bomber | 1940/1941 || 47.2 tons | 52 m wingspan, to carry a ten-ton earthquake bomb, rejected by the RAF[4] |- | Boeing 2707 SST | 1960s || 301.17 tons | A 93 m long Concorde answer, canceled in 1971 |- | Lockheed CL-1201 | 1960s || 6318.61 tons | Nuclear-powered, 1,120 feet (340 m) wing span, airborne aircraft carrier |- | Boeing RC-1 | 1970s || 1584.57 tons | "flying pipeline", proposed before the 1973 oil crisis |- | Conroy Virtus | 1974 || 379.90 tons | 140 m wingspan, to carry Space Shuttle parts |- | Beriev Be-2500 | 1980s || 2460.57 tons | Super heavy amphibious transport aircraft |- | Beriev Be-5000 | 1980s || 4921.03 tons | Twin fuselage Be-2500 |- | McDonnell Douglas MD-12 | 1990 || 423.21 tons | Proposed double deck airliner, canceled in mid-1990s |- | Boeing New Large Airplane | 1990s || 523.6 tons | 747 replacement powered by 777 engines, canceled in the 1990s |- | Aerocon Dash 1.6 wingship | 1990s || 4921.03 tons | US ground effect aircraft, developed with Russian consultation |- | Tupolev Tu-404 | 1990s || 595.45 tons | Blended wing body airliner for 1,214 passenger, 110 m wingspan[5] |- | Sukhoi KR-860 | 1990s || 639.73 tons | Transport for 300 t payload or 860–1,000 passengers Double deck airliner |- | Skylon | 1993 || 339.55 tons | Reusable spaceplane, cancelled in 2024 |- | Boeing 747X | 1996 || 465.53 tons | 747-400 stretch, Airbus A3XX competitor |- | Boeing Pelican | 2002 || 2657.36 tons | Ground effect and medium altitude transport |- | Airbus A380-900 | 2006 || 580.68 tons | Airbus A380-800 stretch, postponed in May 2010[6] |- | TsAGI HCA-LB | current || 984.21 tons | Ground effect aircraft powered by LNG |- | WindRunner | current || | Outsize cargo freight aircraft: 108 m long, 80 m wingspan.[7][8] |}

Rotary-wing

File:Aeroflot Mil V-12 (Mi-12) Groningen Airport.jpg
Aeroflot Mil V-12 at Groningen Airport in May 1971

Template:Avilisthead |- ! Type ! First flight ! MTOW !Number built !class="unsortable"| Notes |- | Cierva W.11 Air Horse | Template:Datesort | 8 t | 1 | Three rotor helicopter |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Hughes XH-17 | Template:Datesort | 23 t | 1 | Prototype heavy-lift helicopter, largest rotor at 39.6 m |- | Mil Mi-6 | Template:Datesort | 44 t | 926 | Heavy transport helicopter, 35 m rotor |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Mil V-12 or Mi-12 | Template:Datesort | 105 t | 2 | Largest prototype helicopter, 2 × 35 m rotors |- | Mil Mi-26 | Template:Datesort | 56 t | 316 | Heaviest serial production helicopter |- style="background-color: lightgrey" | Fairey Rotodyne | Template:Datesort | 15 t | 1 | Largest gyrodyne. Prototype for 40 passengers |- |Kamov Ka-22 |Template:Datesort |42.5 t |4 |Composite rotorcraft |- | Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey | Template:Datesort | 21.5 t | 400 | First operational VTOL tiltrotor |}

Proposals

Lighter than air

Template:Avilisthead |+ Large balloons ! Type !! Date !! Volume !! Description |- | Preusen ("Prussia") | 1901 | 8,400 m3[9] | German experimental prototype 

|-

| CL75 AirCrane | 2001 | 110,000 m3 | CargoLifter experimental prototype, approximately 120.6 tonnes with helium fill |}

Template:Avilisthead |+ Large airships ! Type ! First flight ! Volume ! Length ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | Zeppelin LZ 1 | 1900 | 11,300 m3[9] | 128 m | German experimental prototype |- | R38 (US: ZR-2) | 1921 | Template:Cvt[10] | 212 m | UK military, built for US Navy |- | R100 | 1929 | 193,970 m3 | 216 m | UK experimental passenger transport |- | HM Airship R101 | Script error: No such module "sort". | 156,000 m3 | 236 m | Followed by the smaller 146,000 m3 R100 (220 m) on 16 Dec 1929 |- | US Navy USS Akron | Script error: No such module "sort". | 180,000 m3 | 239 m | Largest helium-filled airship along its USS Macon sister ship |- | LZ 129 Hindenburg | Script error: No such module "sort". | 200,000 m3 | 245 m | Largest volume along with its LZ130 Graf Zeppelin II sister ship, approximately 237.2 tonnes with hydrogen fill |}

File:Giant Aircraft Comparison.svg
Hindenburg airship compared with the largest fixed-wing aircraft

Proposals

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Gunston, Bill, 1991. Giants of the Sky: The Largest Aeroplanes of All Time. Sparkford, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited.
  4. ↑ Buttler, Tony. Secret Projects: British Fighters and Bombers 1935 -1950 Midland Publishing, 2004. Template:ISBN.
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b Ege, L,; "Balloons and Airships", Blandford (1973).
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

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External links

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