Prime Minister of Slovakia

The prime minister of Slovakia, officially the chairman of the government of the Slovak Republic (Slovak: Predseda vlády Slovenskej republiky), commonly referred to in Slovakia as Predseda vlády or informally as Premiér, is the head of the government of the Slovak Republic. Officially, the officeholder is the third-highest constitutional official in Slovakia after the president of the Republic (appointer) and chairman of the National Council; in practice, the appointee is the country's leading political figure.

Since the office was created in 1969, fifteen people have served as head of government. Since 1993, when Slovakia gained independence, nine people have occupied the function. On 25 October 2023, Robert Fico became the prime minister of Slovakia.

History

The office of the prime minister of Slovakia was established in 1969 by the Constitutional Act on the Czechoslovak Federation. A similar office had existed from 1918 when various officials were presiding over executive bodies governing the Slovak part of Czechoslovakia or the Slovak State respectively. Since 1993, when the independent Slovak Republic was established, nine persons have held the office.

Since 25 October 2023, the prime minister of Slovakia has been Robert Fico. Fico is the longest serving prime minister, if the years are counted cumulatively, with 11 years in total as of 2025.

Powers and role

Since Slovakia is a parliamentary republic, the prime minister is accountable to the National Council. The Slovak Constitution provides that upon the accession to the office, each prime minister must gain and thereafter maintain the confidence of the Parliament. When the prime minister loses confidence, the president must dismiss him and designate a new prime minister or entrust the dismissed prime minister to act as a caretaker with limited powers.

The prime minister is the most powerful state office since he commands and presides over the government. Although it is not the prime minister but the president who appoints ministers in Cabinet, the president appoints ministers on the prime minister's advice.

Designated Prime Minister of Slovakia

Designated Prime Minister of Slovakia (Template:Langx) is an unofficial title for a person who has been entrusted by the president of the Slovak Republic with forming a new government and replacing the outgoing prime minister. This title, as well as the authorization of the president to entrust the designated prime minister, is not set by an act but is a legal or, more precisely, constitutional tradition. According to this tradition, the president designates a person who has the support of the majority of deputies in the National Council.

List of prime ministers of Slovakia

Czechoslovak Republic

Autonomous Land of Slovakia (1938–1939)

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Party
		Took office	Left office	Duration
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2010-0049, Josef Tiso.jpg	Jozef Tiso (1887–1947)	7 October 1938	9 March 1939	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	HSĽS-SSNJ

(First) Slovak Republic (1939–1945)

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Party
		Took office	Left office	Duration
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2010-0049, Josef Tiso.jpg	Jozef Tiso (1887–1947)	14 March 1939	17 October 1939	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	HSĽS-SSNJ
File:Vojtech Tuka Nový svet cover.png	Vojtech Tuka (1880–1946)	27 October 1939	5 September 1944	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	HSĽS-SSNJ
File:Štefan Tiso foto.jpg	Štefan Tiso (1897–1959)	5 September 1944	4 April 1945	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	HSĽS-SSNJ

Czechoslovak Socialist Republic

Slovak Socialist Republic (1969–1990)

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Party
		Took office	Left office	Duration
File:Noimage.png	Štefan Sádovský (1928–1984)	1 January 1969	5 May 1969	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	KSS
File:Peter Colotka (Obrana lidu, May 1971).png	Peter Colotka (1925–2019)	5 May 1969	13 October 1988	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	KSS
File:Noimage.png	Ivan Knotek (1936–2020)	13 October 1988	23 June 1989	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	KSS
File:Noimage.png	Pavel Hrivnák (1931–1995)	23 June 1989	8 December 1989	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	KSS
File:Milan Čič (jan. 2012) (cropped).jpg	Milan Čič (1932–2012)	8 December 1989	6 March 1990	Template:Age in years and days	style="background-color: Template:Party color|	KSS

Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–1992)

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Party		Government Composition	Election
		Took office	Left office	Duration
File:Milan Čič (jan. 2012) (cropped).jpg	Milan Čič (1932–2012)	6 March 1990	27 June 1990	Template:Age in years and days		VPN	Čič caretaker
File:Vladimir Meciar.jpg	Vladimír Mečiar (born 1942) 1st term	27 June 1990	6 May 1991	Template:Age in years and days		VPN	Mečiar I VPN–KDH–DS	1990
File:Ján Čarnogurský (2012).jpg	Ján Čarnogurský (born 1944)	6 May 1991	24 June 1992	Template:Age in years and days		KDH	Čarnogurský ODÚ–KDH–DS
File:Vladimir Meciar.jpg	Vladimír Mečiar (born 1942) 2nd term	24 June 1992	31 December 1992	Template:Age in years and days		HZDS	Mečiar II HZDS–SNS	1992

Slovak Republic (since 1993)

Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Duration	Party		Cabinet	Composition	Election	President
File:Vladimir Meciar.jpg	Vladimír Mečiar (born 1942)	1 January 1993	15 March 1994	Template:Age in years and days		HZDS	Mečiar II	HZDS • SNS	1992	File:Michal Kováč.jpg Michal Kováč (1993–1998)
File:Jozef Moravčík.jpg	Jozef Moravčík (born 1945)	15 March 1994	13 December 1994	Template:Age in years and days	style="background:Template:Party color;" |	DEÚS	Moravčík	SDĽ • KDH • DEÚS • NDS
File:Vladimir Meciar.jpg	Vladimír Mečiar (born 1942)	13 December 1994	30 October 1998	Template:Age in years and days		HZDS	Mečiar III	HZDS • SNS • ZRS	1994
File:Mikulas Dzurinda.jpg	Mikuláš Dzurinda (born 1956)	30 October 1998	16 October 2002	Template:Age in years and days	style="background:Template:Party color;" |	SDKTemplate:Efn	Dzurinda I	SDK • SDĽ • SMK • SOP	1998	File:Rudolf Schuster 2011.jpg Rudolf Schuster (1999–2004)
		16 October 2002	4 July 2006		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	SDKÚ	Dzurinda II	SDKÚ • SMK • KDH • ANO (2002–2006)	2002
					SDKÚ • SMK • ANO (2006)			File:Ivan Gašparovič (cropped) Election infobox.jpg Ivan Gašparovič (2004–2014)
File:Valdis Dombrovskis tiekas ar Slovākijas premjeru Robertu Fico (8053988819) (cropped).jpg	Robert Fico (born 1964)	4 July 2006	8 July 2010	Template:Age in years and days	style="background:Template:Party color;" |	Smer	Fico I		Smer • SNS • ĽS–HZDS	2006
File:Prime Minister Iveta Radičová (cropped).jpg	Iveta Radičová (born 1956)	8 July 2010	4 April 2012	Template:Age in years and days	style="background:Template:Party color;" |	SDKÚ–DS	Radičová		SDKÚ–DS • SaS • KDH • Most–Híd	2010
File:Robert Fico, official portrait (2016, cropped).jpg	Robert Fico (born 1964)	4 April 2012	23 March 2016	Template:Age in years and days	rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	Smer	Fico II		Smer	2012
		23 March 2016	22 March 2018		Fico III		Smer • SNS • Most–Híd • Network (2016)	2016	File:Andrej Kiska in Senate of Poland (cropped 1).jpg Andrej Kiska (2014–2019)
							Smer • SNS • Most–Híd (2016–2018)
File:Peter Pellegrini 555x763.jpg	Peter Pellegrini (born 1975)	22 March 2018	21 March 2020	Template:Age in years and days	rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	Smer	Pellegrini			Smer • SNS • Most–Híd
					File:Zuzana Caputova, 2023.jpg Zuzana Čaputová (2019–2024)
File:Igor Matovič after an interview (2020).jpg	Igor Matovič (born 1973)	21 March 2020	1 April 2021	Template:Age in years and days		style="background:Template:Party color;" |	OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ	Matovič	OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ • We Are Family • SaS • For the People	2020
File:Eduard Heger 817x1119.jpg	Eduard Heger (born 1976)	1 April 2021	15 May 2023	Template:Age in years and days		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZTemplate:Efn	Heger	OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ • We Are Family • SaS • For the People (2021–2022)
						OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ • We Are Family • For the People (2022–2023)
File:Ludovit Odor 753x1039.png	Ľudovít Ódor (born 1976)	15 May 2023	25 October 2023	Template:Age in years and days		style="background:Template:Party color;" |	Independent	Ódor	Technocratic cabinet
File:Robert Fico, Nov 2023.jpg	Robert Fico (born 1964)	25 October 2023	Incumbent	Template:Age in years and days		rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" |	Smer	Fico IV	Smer • Hlas • SNS	2023
					File:Peter Pellegrini, 2024.jpg Peter Pellegrini (2024-incumbent)

Timeline

Slovak Republic (1993–present)

<timeline> ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:120 right:130 left:20 AlignBars = late

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1993 till:31/12/2025 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:2 start:1994 ScaleMinor = unit:month increment:6 start:1993

Legend = columns:3 left:150 top:77 columnwidth:240

Colors =

    id:ind         value:gray(0.8)        legend:Independent
    id:HZDS        value:rgb(0.45,0.76,1) legend:Movement_for_a_Democratic_Slovakia
    id:DEUS        value:rgb(0,0.48,0.66) legend:Democratic_Union_of_Slovakia
    id:SDK         value:rgb(1,0.867,0)   legend:Slovak_Democratic_Coalition
    id:SDKU        value:rgb(0,0.31,0.64) legend:Slovak_Democratic_and_Christian_Union
    id:SMER        value:rgb(0.761,0,0)   legend:Direction_–_Social_Democracy
    id:OL'aNO      value:rgb(0.7,0.8,0.2) legend:Ordinary_People_and_Independent_Personalities
    id:liteline    value:gray(0.8)
    id:line        value:rgb(0.3,0.3,0.3)
    id:bg          value:white

Define $now = 24/12/2025

TextData =

 pos:(20,77) textcolor:black fontsize:M
 text:"Political Affiliation:"

BarData =

 bar:Mečiar
 bar:Moravčík
 bar:Dzurinda
 bar:Fico
 bar:Radičová
 bar:Pellegrini
 bar:Matovič
 bar:Heger
 bar:Ódor

PlotData=

 width:4 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

 bar:Mečiar
  from: 01/01/1993 till: 15/03/1994 color:HZDS
  from: 13/12/1994 till: 30/10/1998 color:HZDS      text:"Vladimír Mečiar"
 bar:Moravčík
  from: 15/03/1994 till: 13/12/1994 color:DEUS      text:"Jozef Moravčík"
 bar:Dzurinda
  from: 30/10/1998 till: 16/10/2002 color:SDK
  from: 16/10/2002 till: 04/07/2006 color:SDKU      text:"Mikuláš Dzurinda"
 bar:Fico 
  from: 04/07/2006 till: 08/07/2010 color:SMER
  from: 04/04/2012 till: 22/03/2018 color:SMER      
  from: 25/10/2023 till: $now       color:SMER      text:"Robert Fico"
 bar:Radičová
  from: 08/07/2010 till: 04/04/2012 color:SDKU      text:"Iveta Radičová"
 bar:Pellegrini
  from: 22/03/2018 till: 21/03/2020 color:SMER      text:"Peter Pellegrini"
 bar:Matovič
  from: 21/03/2020 till: 01/04/2021 color:OL'aNO    text:"Igor Matovič"
 bar:Heger
  from: 01/04/2021 till: 07/03/2023 color:OL'aNO
  from: 07/03/2023 till: 15/05/2023 color:OL'aNO    text:"Eduard Heger"
 bar:Ódor
  from: 15/05/2023 till: 25/10/2023 color:ind       text:"Ľudovít Ódor"

</timeline>

Statistics

Slovak Republic (1993–present)

Prime Minister	Date of birth	Age at inauguration (first term)	Time in office (total)	Age at retirement (last term)	Date of death	Longevity
Moravčík, JozefJozef Moravčík	1945031919 March 1945(19 March 1945)	49 36148 years, 361 days	00 273273 days	50 26949 years, 269 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Mečiar, VladimírVladimír Mečiar	1942072626 July 1942(26 July 1942)	50 15950 years, 159 days	05 0295 years, 29 days	56 09656 years, 96 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Dzurinda, MikulášMikuláš Dzurinda	195502044 February 1956(4 February 1956)	43 26842 years, 268 days	07 2477 years, 247 days	51 15050 years, 150 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Radičová, IvetaIveta Radičová	195612077 December 1956(7 December 1956)	53 21353 years, 213 days	01 2711 year, 271 days	55 11955 years, 119 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Pellegrini, PeterPeter Pellegrini	197510066 October 1975(6 October 1975)	42 16742 years, 167 days	01 3651 year, 365 days	44 16644 years, 167 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Matovič, IgorIgor Matovič	1973051111 May 1973(11 May 1973)	46 31546 years, 315 days	01 0111 year, 11 days	47 32547 years, 325 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Heger, EduardEduard Heger	197605033 May 1976(3 May 1976)	44 33344 years, 333 days	02 0442 years, 44 days	47 01247 years, 12 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Ódor, ĽudovítĽudovít Ódor	197607022 July 1976(2 July 1976)	46 31746 years, 317 days	00 163163 days	47 11547 years, 115 days	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd
Fico, RobertRobert Fico	1964091515 September 1964(15 September 1964)	41 29241 years, 292 days	07 248Template:Age in years and days	00 000 Incumbent	Living	Template:Age in days ntsTemplate:Ayd

See also

• President of Slovakia
• List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia
• List of prime ministers of the Slovak Socialist Republic