List of heads of state of Lithuania

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Use dmy dates Template:History of Lithuania The article is a list of heads of state of Lithuania over historical Lithuanian state. The timeline includes all heads of state of Lithuania as a sovereign entity, legitimately part of a greater sovereign entity, a client state, or a constituent republic subject to an outside authority. Currently, the head of state is the President of Lithuania.

During the inaugurations of Lithuanian monarchs until 1569, the Gediminas' Cap was placed on the monarch's heads by the Bishop of Vilnius in Vilnius Cathedral.^[1]

Kingdom of Lithuania (1251–1263)

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".Title: King of Lithuania (Template:Langx). Dates are approximate because of scant written sources.

House of Mindaugas (1253–1263)

Template:Monarchs - table header

|King
Mindaugas
1236
–
1253
(as Grand Duke)

1253
–
1263
(as King)|| File:Mindaugas (99259281).jpg || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Son of mythological Ringaudas ||(1) NN, sister of Morta
2 children

(2) Morta
2 children || 1263
Aglona
Assassinated by Treniota
and Daumantas
Aged about 60

|- |}

Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1263–1569)

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Title: Grand Duke (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx). Dates are approximate because of scant written sources.

House of Mindaugas (1263–1267)

Template:Monarchs - table header

|Grand Duke
Treniota
1263
–
1264|| File:Treniota.jpg || Unknown

Son of NN,
Mindaugas' sister
and Vykintas || Unknown
1 child || 1264
Murdered by servants
loyal to Mindaugas' son Vaišvilkas

|-

|Grand Duke
Vaišvilkas
1264
–
1267|| File:Vojshalk.png || Unknown

Son of Mindaugas
and Morta || Unmarried and
childless|| 1268
Was murdered
by Leo I of Galicia

|- |}

House of Monomakh (1267–1269)

Template:Monarchs - table header

|Grand Duke
Shvarn
Template:Langx
1267
–
1269|| || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Halych

Son of Daniel of Galicia || NN, daughter of Mindaugas
No children || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Kholm
Aged about 39

|- |}

House of Mindaugas (1269–1285)

Template:Monarchs - table header |Grand Duke
Traidenis
1270
–
1282||File:Lithuanian Grand Duke Traidenis.JPG|| 1220 || Ona of Masovia
1 child|| 1282
Kernavė
Aged 62 |- |Grand Duke
Daumantas
1282
–
1285|| || Unknown ||Unknown || 3 March 1285
Died in a battle by Tver |- |}

House of Gediminas (1285–1440)

Template:Sticky header Template:Monarchs - table header

|Grand Duke
Butigeidis
1285
–
1291|| || None known || Unknown

Son of
Skalmantas (?) || Unknown ||1291

|-

|Grand Duke
Butvydas
1291
–
1295|| || None known || Unknown

Son of
Skalmantas (?) || Unknown || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

|-

|Grand Duke
Vytenis
1295
–
1316||File:Witenes.PNG|| None known || 1260

Son of Butvydas || Vikinda
1 child|| 1316
Aged 56

|-

|Grand Duke
Gediminas
1316
–
1341||File:Gediminas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, painted in 1709.png|| None known || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Son of Butvydas || Jaunė
13 children || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Raudonė
Aged about 66

|-

|Grand Duke
Jaunutis
1341
–
1345||File:Jaŭnut. Яўнут (A. Tarasievič, 1675).jpg|| None known || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Son of Gediminas
and Jaunė|| Unknown
3 children || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Aged 57−60

|-

|Grand Duke
(Diarchy with Kęstutis)
Algirdas
1345
–
1377 ||File:Algirdas kunigaikštis.jpg|| File:COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Son of Gediminas
and Jaunė|| (1) Maria of Vitebsk
6 children

(2) Uliana of Tver
8 children|| c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Maišiagala
Aged about 81

|-

|Grand Duke
(Diarchy with Kęstutis)
Jogaila Algirdaitis
May 1377
–
August 1381||File:Žygimont Aŭgust-Jagajła. Жыгімонт Аўгуст-Ягайла (K. Aleksandrovič, 1790).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Vilnius

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || (1) Jadwiga of Poland
1 child

(2) Anna of Cilli
1 child

(3) Elizabeth Granowska
No children

(4) Sophia of Halshany
2 children || 1 June 1434
Gródek Jagielloński
Aged 72−82

|-

|Grand Duke
Kęstutis
1381
–
1382 || File:Kiejstut.JPG || File:COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Senieji Trakai

Son of Gediminas
and Jaunė|| Birutė
3 children|| 1382
Kreva
Murdered by the order of
Jogaila while imprisoned
Aged 84–85

|-

|Grand Duke
Jogaila Algirdaitis
3 August 1382
–
1 June 1434
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Žygimont Aŭgust-Jagajła. Жыгімонт Аўгуст-Ягайла (K. Aleksandrovič, 1790).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Vilnius

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || (1) Jadwiga of Poland
1 child

(2) Anna of Cilli
1 child

(3) Elizabeth Granowska
No children

(4) Sophia of Halshany
2 children || 1 June 1434
Gródek Jagielloński
Aged 72−82

|- |- ! colspan="6" |Act of Kreva signed in 1385
Poland and Lithuania de jure are ruled by one monarch but remain to be separate states. |-

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Jogaila Algirdaitis
3 August 1382
–
1 June 1434
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Žygimont Aŭgust-Jagajła. Жыгімонт Аўгуст-Ягайла (K. Aleksandrovič, 1790).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Vilnius

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || (1) Jadwiga of Poland
1 child

(2) Anna of Cilli
1 child

(3) Elizabeth Granowska
No children

(4) Sophia of Halshany
3 children || 1 June 1434
Gródek Jagielloński
Aged 72−82

|- |-

|Grand Duke
Skirgaila
1386
–
1392 ||File:Skirgajła. Скіргайла (A. Guagnini, 1578).jpg|| File:COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg|| c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Vilnius

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || Unknown
1 child || 11 January 1397
Kyiv
Possibly poisoned
by the order of the
Russian Orthodox priests
Aged 43−44

|- |- ! colspan="6" |Astrava Agreement signed in 1392
Following the Lithuanian Civil War, Skirgaila is replaced by Vytautas. The latter and his successors de jure act as regents of the King of Poland until 1440. |-

|Grand Duke
King-elect of Lithuania
Vytautas
Vytautas the Great
4 August 1392
–
27 October 1430
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Vitaŭt Vialiki. Вітаўт Вялікі (XVIII).jpg|| File:COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg || c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Senieji Trakai

Son of Kęstutis
and Birutė || (1) Anna
1 child

(2) Uliana Olshanska
No children || 27 October 1430
Trakai
Aged about 80

|-

|Grand Duke
Švitrigaila
October 1430
–
1 August 1432||File:Svitrigaila (118503655).jpg|| File:COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg || Before 1370
Vilnius

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || Anna of Tver
1 child || 10 February 1452
Lutsk
Aged about 82

|-

|Grand Duke
Sigismund Kęstutaitis
Template:Langx
1432
–
1440 ||File:Žygimont Kiejstutavič. Жыгімонт Кейстутавіч (XIX).jpg|| File:COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg || 1365
Trakai

Son of Kęstutis
and Birutė|| Unknown
1 child|| 20 March 1440
Trakai
Murdered by supporters
of Švitrigaila
Aged 75

|- |}

House of Jagiellon (1440–1569)

File:Decius 1521.jpg

The Gediminids-Jagiellonians ruled medieval Lithuania.

The act of personal union with Poland was signed as early as 1385; however, the continuous line of common rulers of the two countries started only with Casimir IV (even then, Polish and Lithuanians twice selected different rulers following the death of an earlier common monarch, but the Lithuanian one always eventually assumed the Polish throne). The monarchs retained separate titles for both parts of the state, and their numbering was kept separate. The Jagiellon dynasty was a direct continuation of the Gediminids.Template:Monarchs - table header

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Casimir IV Jagiellon
Template:Langx
29 June 1440
–
7 June 1492
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Kazimier Jagajłavič. Казімер Ягайлавіч (1645).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 30 November 1427
Kraków

Son of Jogaila Algirdaitis
and Sophia of Halshany || Elisabeth of Austria
12 children || 7 June 1492
Old Grodno Castle
Aged 64

|-c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1263 – c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1265||||c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".|| ||

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Alexander Jagiellon
Template:Langx
30 July 1492
–
19 August 1506
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Aleksander Jagiellonczyk (275208).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 5 August 1461
Kraków

Son of Kazimieras Jogailaitis and
Elisabeth of Austria || Helena of Moscow
No children|| 19 August 1506
Vilnius
Aged 45

|-c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1263 – c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1265||||c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".|| ||

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Sigismund I
Sigismund I the Old
Template:Langx
8 December 1506
–
1 April 1548
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Kulmbach Sigismund I the Old.jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 1 January 1467
Kozienice

Son of Kazimieras Jogailaitis and
Elisabeth of Austria || (1) Barbara Zápolya
2 children

(2) Bona Sforza
6 children|| 1 April 1548
Kraków
Aged 81

|-c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1263 – c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1265||||c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".|| ||

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Sigismund II Augustus
Template:Langx
18 October 1529
–
7 July 1572
(Template:Age in years and days) ||File:Cranach the Younger Sigismund II Augustus.jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 1 August 1520
Kraków

Son of Žygimantas the Old
and Bona Sforza || (1) Elisabeth of Austria
No children

(2) Barbara Radziwiłł
No children

(3) Catherine of Austria
No children|| 7 July 1572
Knyszyn
Aged 51

|- ! colspan="6" |Union of Lublin signed in 1569
Poland and Lithuania are united into a single Commonwealth. |-c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1263 – c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1265||||c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".|| || |}

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795)

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The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was established by the Union of Lublin in 1569. The elected King of Poland was automatically a Grand Duke of Lithuania (until then the Lithuanian dukedom was hereditary). The first common ruler of both countries was Sigismund II Augustus.

During the Deluge of the Second Northern War, Lithuania signed the Union of Kėdainiai with the Swedish Empire in 1655, thus de jure ending its union with Poland. However, due to Sweden's losses, the agreement soon fell out of favor and was not properly enforced, leading to the further continuation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Following the partitions in 1772, 1793, and 1795, the commonwealth ceased to exist and Lithuania proper became part of the Russian Empire for 123 years. There are some gaps in the timeline as it took a while to elect a new king. The first Grand Duke elected after the Gediminid line became extinct and after the Valois fled back to France was Stephen Báthory, who had made an effort to be recognized as Grand Duke of Lithuania by establishing Vilnius University.

Title: King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania

Template:Langx

Name	Portrait Template:Yesno	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Claim	House
King of Poland and Grand Duke Sigismund II Augustus Template:Langx 1 July 1569 Template:Ndash 7 July 1572 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Cranach the Younger Sigismund II Augustus.jpg	File:COA Jagiellon.svg	1 August 1520 Kraków Son of Žygimantas the Old and Bona Sforza	Template:Grey Elisabeth of Austria Barbara Radziwiłł Catherine of Austria	7 July 1572 Knyszyn Aged 51	Hereditary First monarch to introduce elective monarchy	Jagiellon
King of Poland and Grand Duke Henry Template:Langx 16 May 1573 Template:Ndash 12 May 1575 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Henri III - portrait after Jean Decourt - Musée Condé.jpg	File:Coat of Arms of Henri de Valois as lifelong king of Poland.svg	19 September 1551 Fontainebleau Son of Henry II and Catherine de' Medici	Template:Grey Louise of Lorraine, no children	2 August 1589 Saint-Cloud Aged 37	Elected Left Poland in June 1574 to succeed his brother in France Interregnum until 1575	Valois
Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess Anna Template:Langx 15 December 1575 Template:Ndash 19 August 1587 (de facto) (Template:Age in years and days) Template:Ndash 9 September 1596 (de jure) (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Kober Anna Jagiellon as a widow.jpg	File:COA Jagiellon.svg	18 October 1523 Kraków Daughter of Sigismund I and Bona Sforza	Template:Grey Stephen Báthory, no children	9 September 1596 Warsaw Aged 72	Elected co-monarch with Stephen Báthory Sole ruler until Báthory's arrival and coronation in May 1576 Ruled after husband's death until her nephew was elected	Jagiellon
King of Poland and Grand Duke Stephen Báthory Template:Langx 1 May 1576 Template:Ndash 12 December 1586 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Riehl Portrait of Stephen Bathory.jpg	File:Bathory coat of arms.svg	27 September 1533 Szilágysomlyó (Șimleu Silvaniei) Son of Stephen Báthory of Somlyó and Catherine Telegdi	Template:Grey Anna Jagiellon, no children	12 December 1586 Grodno Aged 53	Elected as co-monarch with Anna Jagiellon Previously Prince of Transylvania	Báthory
King of Poland and Grand Duke Sigismund III Template:Langx 19 August 1587 Template:Ndash 30 April 1632 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Rubens Sigismund III Vasa.jpg	File:Polish House of Vasa Coa.svg	20 June 1566 Gripsholm Son of John III of Sweden and Catherine Jagiellon	Template:Grey Anne of Austria, 5 children Template:Grey Constance of Austria, 7 children	30 April 1632 Warsaw Aged 65	Elected, nephew of Anna Jagiellon Transferred capital from Kraków to Warsaw Hereditary King of Sweden until deposition in 1599	Vasa
King of Poland and Grand Duke Władysław IV also Ladislaus IV Template:Langx 8 November 1632 Template:Ndash 20 May 1648 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Rubens Władysław Vasa.jpg	File:Polish House of Vasa Coa.svg	9 June 1595 Łobzów Son of Sigismund III and Anne of Austria	Template:Grey Cecilia Renata of Austria, 3 children Template:Grey Marie Louise Gonzaga	20 May 1648 Merkinė Aged 52	Elective succession Also titular King of Sweden and elected Tsar of Russia (1610–1613) when the Polish army captured Moscow	Vasa
King of Poland and Grand Duke John II Casimir Template:Langx 20 November 1648 Template:Ndash 16 September 1668 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Schultz John II Casimir Vasa.jpg	File:Polish House of Vasa Coa.svg	22 March 1609 Kraków Son of Sigismund III and Constance of Austria	Template:Grey Marie Louise Gonzaga, 2 children Template:Grey Claudine Françoise Mignot (morganatic marriage)	16 December 1672 Nevers Aged 63	Elective succession, succeeded half-brother Previously a cardinal Disputed with Charles X Gustav between 1655–1657 Titular King of Sweden Abdicated	Vasa
King of Poland and Grand Duke Michael I Template:Langx 19 June 1669 Template:Ndash 10 November 1673 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:King Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki.jpg	File:Coat of Arms of Michal Korybut Wisniowiecki as king of Poland.svg	31 May 1640 Biały Kamień Son of Jeremi Wiśniowiecki and Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska	Template:Grey Eleonora Maria of Austria, 1 child	10 November 1673 Lwów Aged 33	Elected Born into nobility of mixed heritage, the son of a military commander and governor	Wiśniowiecki
King of Poland and Grand Duke John III Sobieski Template:Langx 19 May 1674 Template:Ndash 17 June 1696 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Schultz John III Sobieski.jpg	File:Coat of Arms of Jan Sobieski as king of Poland.svg	17 August 1629 Olesko Son of Jakub Sobieski and Teofila Zofia	Template:Grey Marie Casimire d'Arquien, 13 children	17 June 1696 Wilanów Aged 66	Elected Born into nobility A successful military commander	Sobieski
King of Poland and Grand Duke Augustus II Template:Langx 15 September 1697 Template:Ndash 1706 (1st reign, 9 years)	File:August II the Strong.PNG	File:Coat of Arms of Wettin kings of Poland.svg	12 May 1670 Dresden Son of John George III and Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark	Template:Grey Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, 1 son by wife	1 February 1733 Warsaw Aged 62	Elected Previously Elector and ruler of Saxony Dethroned by Stanislaus I in 1706 during the Great Northern War	Wettin
King of Poland and Grand Duke Stanislaus I Template:Langx 12 July 1704 Template:Ndash 8 July 1709 (1st reign, Template:Age in years and days)	File:Mányoki Stanislaus Leszczyński.png	File:Coat of Arms of Stanislaus Leszczynski as king of Poland.svg	20 October 1677 Lwów Son of Rafał Leszczyński and Anna Jabłonowska	Template:Grey Catherine Opalińska, 2 children	23 February 1766 Lunéville Aged 88	Usurped Nominated as ruler in 1704, crowned in 1705 and deposed predecessor in 1706 Exiled in 1709	Leszczyński
King of Poland and Grand Duke Augustus II Template:Langx 8 July 1709 Template:Ndash 1 February 1733 (2nd reign, Template:Age in years and days)	File:August II (1670-1733).jpg	File:Coat of Arms of Wettin kings of Poland.svg	12 May 1670 Dresden Son of John George III and Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark	Template:Grey Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, 1 son by wife	1 February 1733 Warsaw Aged 62	Restored	Wettin
King of Poland and Grand Duke Stanislaus I Template:Langx 12 September 1733 Template:Ndash 26 January 1736 (2nd reign, Template:Age in years and days)	File:Portrait of Stanisław I Leszczyński.jpg	File:Coat of Arms of Stanislaus Leszczynski as king of Poland.svg	20 October 1677 Lwów Son of Rafał Leszczyński and Anna Jabłonowska	Template:Grey Catherine Opalińska, 2 children	23 February 1766 Lunéville Aged 88	Elected His election sparked the War of the Polish Succession Deposed by Augustus III in 1736	Leszczyński
King of Poland and Grand Duke Augustus III Template:Langx 5 October 1733 Template:Ndash 5 October 1763 (30 years)	File:Louis de Silvestre - Portrait of Augustus III of Poland (after 1733) - Google Art Project.jpg	File:Coat of Arms of Wettin kings of Poland.svg	17 October 1696 Dresden Son of Augustus II the Strong and Christiane Eberhardine	Template:Grey Maria Josepha of Austria, 16 children	5 October 1763 Dresden Aged 66	Usurped Proclaimed King of Poland in 1733, crowned in 1734 Dethroned elected predecessor in 1736	Wettin
King of Poland and Grand Duke Stanislaus II Augustus Template:Langx 7 September 1764 Template:Ndash 25 November 1795 (Template:Age in years and days)	File:Vigee Stanislaw Augustus.jpg	File:Coat of Arms of Stanislaus Augustus as king of Poland.svg	17 January 1732 Wołczyn Son of Stanisław Poniatowski and Konstancja Czartoryska	Unmarried	1 February 1798 Saint Petersburg Aged 66	Elected Born into nobility Last King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, his reign ended in the Partitions of Poland	Poniatowski

Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Council of Lithuania declared independence on 16 February 1918 and invited Wilhelm of Urach to become king of Lithuania. The name of the state was the Kingdom of Lithuania. On 9 July 1918, Duke Wilhelm accepted the offer and took the name Mindaugas II. However, on 2 November the council revoked this decision as it was likely Germany would lose the war.

House of Urach (1918)

Template:Monarchs - table header

|King
Mindaugas II
Template:Dts
–
Template:Dts
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:WilhelofUrach.jpg|| File:Wappen des Herzogs von Urach.svg || 30 May 1864

Son of Wilhelm, 1st Duke of Urach and
Princess Florestine of Monaco || Duchess Amalie in Bavaria
Princess Wiltrud of Bavaria || 24 March 1928

|- |}

Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940)

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Presidents of the Presidium of the Council of Lithuania

The state of Lithuania was ruled by the Presidium of the State Council of Lithuania, its chairman was de facto Head of State. The institution of President was established on 4 April 1919. Chairman of the Presidium Antanas Smetona was elected as First President of the State of Lithuania by the State Council of Lithuania and was the only one in under whose rule this position has been considered the office of the head of state.

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Term		Election	Prime Minister
1	File:Antanas Smetona-edit2.jpg	Antanas Smetona (1874–1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Party of National Progress	1917 By the Council	Position officially established on November 11, 1918
						Augustinas Voldemaras
						Mykolas Sleževičius
						Pranas Dovydaitis

Presidents of the Republic of Lithuania

The institution of President (Template:Langx) was created on 4 April 1919. Antanas Smetona was elected as the first President of Lithuania. Template:Sticky header

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Term		Election	Prime Minister
1	File:Antanas Smetona 2.jpg	Antanas Smetona (1874–1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Party of National Progress	4 April 1919 By the Council	Pranas Dovydaitis
	File:Antanas Smetona 2.jpg		Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Party of National Progress	4 April 1919 By the Council	Mykolas Sleževičius
	File:Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885-1969).jpg	Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885–1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party	Acting President as Chairman of the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania
–
						Ernestas Galvanauskas
						Kazys Grinius
	File:Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885-1969).jpg	Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885–1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party	21 December 1922 By the Seimas
2
						Ernestas Galvanauskas
						Antanas Tumėnas
						Vytautas Petrulis
						Leonas Bistras
	File:Kazys Grinius.jpg	Kazys Grinius (1866–1950)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union	7 June 1926 By the Seimas
3
						Mykolas Sleževičius
						Augustinas Voldemaras
1926 Lithuanian coup d'état
–	File:Jonas Staugaitis.jpg	Jonas Staugaitis (1866–1950)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union	Unelected — acting President following coup d'état	Augustinas Voldemaras
–	File:Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885-1969).jpg	Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885–1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts	Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party	Unelected — acting President following coup d'état
–	File:Antanas Smetona 2.jpg	Antanas Smetona (1874–1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Lithuanian Nationalist Union	19 December 1926 In illegitimate elections
1
						Juozas Tūbelis
						Juozas Tūbelis
						Juozas Tūbelis
					11 December 1931 In illegitimate elections	Juozas Tūbelis
					11 December 1931 In illegitimate elections	Vladas Mironas
					14 October 1938 In illegitimate elections	Vladas Mironas
						Vladas Mironas
						Jonas Černius
						Antanas Merkys
15 June 1940 — 1st Soviet occupation of Lithuania
–	File:Antanas Merkys.jpg	Antanas Merkys (1877–1955)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Lithuanian Nationalist Union	Unelected — de jure acting President	Antanas Merkys
–	File:Justas Paleckis 1961b.jpg	Justas Paleckis (1899–1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania	Unelected — nominal acting President placed by the Soviet leadership	Justas Paleckis Acting
–	File:Justas Paleckis 1961b.jpg		Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania		Position officially abolished on June 24, 1940

Posthumously recognized acting Presidents

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	In office	Cause of death	Date of recognition
–	File:JZemaitis.JPG	General Jonas Žemaitis (1909–1954)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	In 1954, executed by shooting in Butyrka prison, Moscow, Russian SFSR.	March, 2009^[2] By the Seimas
–	File:Adolfas Ramanauskas-Vanagas.jpg	Colonel Adolfas Ramanauskas (1918–1957)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	In 1957, executed by shooting in Vilnius, Lithuanian SSR.	November, 2018^[3] By the Seimas

Heads of the Lithuanian Diplomatic Service

Following Lithuania's occupation by the Soviet Union on 15 June 1940, in his telegram dated 31 May 1940, the last Foreign Minister Juozas Urbšys provisioned that, in the event of occupation, Stasys Lozoraitis, minister extraordinary and plenipotentiary to Rome, be appointed the head of the Lithuanian diplomatic service. The Lithuanian diplomatic service became a Government in exile that was a critical piece to ensuring the recognition of the continuity of Lithuanian legal statehood until independence after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union.^[4]

No.	Image	Name	Term	Notes
1	File:Stasys Lozoraitis.jpg	Stasys Lozoraitis	15 June 1940 – 24 December 1983	Assumed office after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania in 1940.
2	File:Lietuvos diplomatas Stasys Antanas Bačkis.jpg	Stasys Bačkis	24 December 1983 – 15 November 1987	Assumed office after the death of Stasys Lozoraitis in 1983.
–	File:Lozoraitis Jr.png	Stasys Lozoraitis Jr.	15 November 1987 – 6 September 1991	Became de facto Head of the Diplomat Service after Stasys Bačkis left Washington, D.C. in 1988.

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940–1941)

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Soviet Union occupied Lithuania and established the Lithuanian SSR in July 1940.

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Template:Langx; Template:Langx.

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	In office	Party		Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet	General Secretary of the CPSU
1	File:Emblem of Lithuanian SSR (early version).svg	Antanas Sniečkus (1903–1974)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Communist Party of Lithuania	Justas Paleckis (1899–1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Joseph Stalin
22 June 1941 — Nazi occupation of Lithuania

Generalbezirk Litauen (1941–1944)

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As Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa, Lithuania liberated itself with the anti-Soviet June Uprising and re-declared Lithuanian Independence. Lithuania was ruled for some time by the Provisional Government of Lithuania, whose prime minister was Juozas Ambrazevičius. The Provisional Government was formed on 23 June 1941, but was dissolved on 5 August of the same year.

Lithuania was occupied by the Germans, who formed Generalbezirk Litauen on 25 July 1941, which was governed by the administration of general commissioner Adrian von Renteln and was a part of Reichskommissariat Ostland.

General Commissioners of Generalbezirk Litauen

Template:Langx; Template:Langx.

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	In office	Party		General Counselor	Reichskommissar of the Ostland
1	File:Adrian von Renteln.jpg	Adrian von Renteln (1897–1946)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Nazi Party	General Petras Kubiliūnas (1894–1946)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hinrich Lohse
1944 — 2nd Soviet occupation of Lithuania

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1944–1990)

As Nazi Germany retreated, the Soviet Union reoccupied the country and reestablished the Lithuanian SSR in 1944. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet de jure acted as a collective head of state from 25 August 1940 to 11 March 1990. However, the Supreme Soviet de facto was controlled by the Communist Party of Lithuania led by the First Secretary.

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Template:Sticky header

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	In office		Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet	General Secretary of the CPSU
1	File:Antanas Snieckus (cropped).jpg	Antanas Sniečkus (1903–1974)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania	Justas Paleckis (1899–1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Joseph Stalin
						Nikita Khruschev
						Leonid Brezhnev
					Motiejus Šumauskas (1905–1982)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
–	File:Emblem of Lithuanian SSR (early version).svg	Valery Khazarov (1918–2013)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania
–	File:P. Griškevičius (1971).png	Petras Griškevičius (1924–1987)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania
2
					Antanas Barkauskas (1899–1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
						Yuri Andropov
						Konstantin Chernenko
						Mikhail Gorbachev
	File:Emblem of the Lithuanian SSR.svg	Nikolay Mitkin (1929–1998)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania
–
–					Ringaudas Songaila (1929–2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
3	File:Emblem of the Lithuanian SSR.svg	Ringaudas Songaila (1929–2019)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania	Vytautas Astrauskas (1930–2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
3	File:Algirdas Mykkolas Brazauskas, Litauens statsminster, under det Nordiskt-Baltiska statsministermotet i Reykjavik 2005-10-24.jpg	Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–2010)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	Communist Party of Lithuania
4
4					Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–2010)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
7 December 1989 — "Leading role" of the Communist Party removed from the constitution
11 March 1990 — Restoration of Independence

Republic of Lithuania (1990–present)

The leader of the Supreme Council was the official head of state from the declaration of independence on 11 March 1990 until the new Constitution came into effect in 1992 establishing the office of President and the institution of Seimas. The state and its leadership were not recognized internationally until September 1991 [NB: Iceland was the first country to recognise the regained independence of Lithuania in February 1991.^[5] Title from 1990 to 1992: Chairman of the Supreme Council (Parliament; Template:Langx). Title from 1992 onwards: President (Template:Langx). Template:Sticky header

No	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Elected	Took office	Left office	Political party	Affiliation/Notes
style="background:Template:Party color"\|-	File:Landsbergis, Vytautas-0085.jpg	Vytautas Landsbergis (born 1932)	–	11 March 1990	25 November 1992	Sąjūdis	As Chairman of the Supreme Council.
Speaker of the Seimas Algirdas Brazauskas served as acting President from 25 November 1992 to 25 February 1993.
style="background:Template:Party color"\|1	File:Algirdas Mykkolas Brazauskas, Litauens statsminster, under det Nordiskt-Baltiska statsministermotet i Reykjavik 2005-10-24.jpg	Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–2010)	1993	25 February 1993	25 February 1998	Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania	First president of the Republic of Lithuania
2	File:BDF Summit 2010.06.01 587 (4709180104) (cropped).jpg	Valdas Adamkus (born 1926)	1997–98	26 February 1998	26 February 2003	Independent
style="background:Template:Party color"\|3	File:2009 m. Respublikos Prezidento rinkimai Paksas (cropped).jpg	Rolandas Paksas (born 1956)	2002–03	26 February 2003	6 April 2004	Order and Justice	Impeached and removed from office.
Speaker of the Seimas Artūras Paulauskas served as acting President from 6 April to 12 July 2004.
(2)	File:BDF Summit 2010.06.01 587 (4709180104) (cropped).jpg	Valdas Adamkus (born 1926)	2004	12 July 2004	12 July 2009	Independent
4	File:EU Leaders Arrive at Sofia Airport Ahead of the EU – Western Balkans Summit (42146983351) (cropped).jpg	Dalia Grybauskaitė (born 1956)	2009 2014	12 July 2009	12 July 2019	Independent	First female President of Lithuania. Became the first President to be reelected.
5	File:Gitanas Nausėda 2023.jpg	Gitanas Nausėda (born 1964)	2019 2024	12 July 2019	Incumbent	Independent

Timeline

<timeline> ImageSize = width:1150 height:auto barincrement:15 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:100 right:150 left:20 AlignBars = late

Colors =

id:Independent value:gray(0.8)           legend: Independent
id:Urach       value:rgb(0.92,0.83,0.32) legend: House_of_Urach
id:TPP         value:rgb(0.68,0.85,0.90) legend: Party_of_National_Progress
id:LCDP        value:rgb(0,0,0.545)      legend: Lithuanian_Christian_Democratic_Party
id:LPPU        value:rgb(0,0.502,0)      legend: Lithuanian_Popular_Peasants'_Union
id:Nationalist value:rgb(0.502,0,0)      legend: Lithuanian_Nationalist_Union
id:Communist   value:rgb(1,0,0)          legend: Communist_Party_of_Lithuania
id:Nazi        value:rgb(0,0,0)          legend: National_Socialist_German_Worker's_Party
id:Sajudis     value:rgb(0.23,0.57,0.23) legend: Sąjūdis
id:LDDP        value:rgb(0.90,0.33,0.50) legend: Democratic_Labour_Party_of_Lithuania
id:Justice     value:rgb(1,0.925,0)      legend: Order_and_Justice_Party
id:NewUnion    value:rgb(0.39,0.51,0.64) legend: New_Union
id:liteline    value:gray(0.8)
id:line        value:rgb(0.3,0.3,0.3)
id:bg          value:white

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1918 till:31/12/2027 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:6 start:1918 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1918

Legend = columns:4 left:110 top:57 columnwidth:220

Define $today = 12/05/2026

TextData =

 pos:(20,57) textcolor:black fontsize:s
 text:"Political Affiliation:"

BarData =

bar:MindaugasII
bar:Smetona
bar:Stulginskis
bar:Grinius
bar:Staugaitis
bar:Merkys
bar:Paleckis
bar:Snieckus
bar:Renteln
bar:Khazarov
bar:Griskevicius
bar:Mitkin
bar:Songaila
bar:Brazauskas
bar:Landsbergis
bar:Adamkus
bar:Pakas
bar:Paulauskas
bar:Grybauskaite
bar:Nauseda

PlotData=

 width:5 align:left fontsize:s shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

bar:MindaugasII
 from: 11/07/1918 till: 02/11/1918 color:Urach text:"Mindaugas II"
bar:Smetona
 from: 02/11/1918 till: 19/06/1920 color:TPP
 from: 19/12/1926 till: 15/06/1940 color:Nationalist text:"Antanas Smetona"
bar:Stulginskis
 from: 19/06/1920 till: 07/06/1926 color:LCDP
 from: 19/12/1926 till: 19/12/1926 color:LCDP        text:"Aleksandras Stulginskis"
bar:Grinius
 from: 07/06/1926 till: 18/12/1926 color:LPPU        text:"Kazys Grinius"
bar:Staugaitis 
 from: 18/12/1926 till: 19/12/1926 color:LPPU        text:"Jonas Staugaitis"
bar:Merkys 
 from: 15/06/1940 till: 17/06/1940 color:Nationalist text:"Antanas Merkys"
bar:Paleckis
 from: 17/06/1940 till: 15/08/1940 color:Communist   text:"Justas Paleckis"
bar:Snieckus
 from: 21/07/1940 till: 24/06/1941 color:Communist
 from: 13/07/1944 till: 22/01/1974 color:Communist   text:"Antanas Sniečkus"
bar:Renteln
 from: 01/08/1941 till: 01/08/1944 color:Nazi        text:"Adrian von Renteln"
bar:Khazarov
 from: 22/01/1974 till: 18/02/1974 color:Communist   text:"Valery Khazarov"
bar:Griskevicius
 from: 18/02/1974 till: 14/11/1987 color:Communist   text:"Petras Griškevičius"
bar:Mitkin
 from: 14/11/1987 till: 01/12/1987 color:Communist   text:"Nikolay Mitkin"
bar:Songaila
 from: 01/12/1987 till: 19/10/1988 color:Communist   text:"Ringaudas Songaila"
bar:Brazauskas
 from: 15/01/1990 till: 11/03/1990 color:Communist
 from: 25/11/1992 till: 25/02/1998 color:LDDP        text:"Algirdas Brazauskas"
bar:Landsbergis
 from: 11/03/1990 till: 25/11/1992 color:Sajudis     text:"Vytautas Landsbergis"
bar:Adamkus
 from: 26/02/1998 till: 26/02/2003 color:Independent
 from: 12/07/2004 till: 12/07/2009 color:Independent text:"Valdas Adamkus"
bar:Pakas
 from: 26/02/2003 till: 06/04/2004 color:Justice     text:"Rolandas Paksas"
bar:Paulauskas
 from: 06/04/2004 till: 12/07/2004 color:NewUnion    text:"Artūras Paulauskas"
bar:Grybauskaite
 from: 12/07/2009 till: 12/07/2019 color:Independent text:"Dalia Grybauskaitė"
bar:Nauseda
 from: 12/07/2019 till: $today     color:Independent text:"Gitanas Nausėda"

</timeline>

References

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↑ Lithuanian Diplomats in Emigration in 1940–1991, compiled by D. Dapkutė, A. Petraitytė, Vilnius, 2007
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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History, Office of the President of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 26 August 2006.
Template:In lang Vytautas Spečiūnas (ed.), Lietuvos valdovai (XIII-XVIII a.) (Rulers of Lithuania (13–18th centuries)), Mokslo ir enicklopedijų leidybos institutas, Vilnius 2004. Template:ISBN

External links

Another list of Lithuanian rulers

Template:Lithuania topics Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Years in Lithuania

[1] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[:0-2] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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[4] Lithuanian Diplomats in Emigration in 1940–1991, compiled by D. Dapkutė, A. Petraitytė, Vilnius, 2007

[5] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

List of heads of state of Lithuania

Contents

Kingdom of Lithuania (1251–1263)

House of Mindaugas (1253–1263)

Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1263–1569)

House of Mindaugas (1263–1267)

House of Monomakh (1267–1269)

House of Mindaugas (1269–1285)

House of Gediminas (1285–1440)

House of Jagiellon (1440–1569)

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795)

Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)

House of Urach (1918)

Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940)

Presidents of the Presidium of the Council of Lithuania

Presidents of the Republic of Lithuania

Posthumously recognized acting Presidents

Heads of the Lithuanian Diplomatic Service

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940–1941)

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Generalbezirk Litauen (1941–1944)

General Commissioners of Generalbezirk Litauen

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1944–1990)

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Republic of Lithuania (1990–present)

Timeline

See also

References

External links

Navigation menu

List of heads of state of Lithuania

Kingdom of Lithuania (1251–1263)

House of Mindaugas (1253–1263)

Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1263–1569)

House of Mindaugas (1263–1267)

House of Monomakh (1267–1269)

House of Mindaugas (1269–1285)

House of Gediminas (1285–1440)

House of Jagiellon (1440–1569)

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795)

Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)

House of Urach (1918)

Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940)

Presidents of the Presidium of the Council of Lithuania

Presidents of the Republic of Lithuania

Posthumously recognized acting Presidents

Heads of the Lithuanian Diplomatic Service

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940–1941)

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Generalbezirk Litauen (1941–1944)

General Commissioners of Generalbezirk Litauen

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1944–1990)

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Republic of Lithuania (1990–present)

Timeline

See also

References

External links

Navigation menu

Search