List of Irish Victoria Cross recipients

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File:Michael O'Leary WWI poster.jpg
Army recruiting poster, 1915, featuring Michael O'Leary

List of Irish Victoria Cross recipients lists all recipients of the Victoria Cross (post-nominal letters "VC") born on the island of Ireland, together with the date and place of their VC action. The Victoria Cross is the highest war honour of the British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations. The whole island of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom until 1922 when it was partitioned into Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State. On 18 April 1949, the Dominion of Ireland became the Republic of Ireland and left the Commonwealth as a result of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 coming into effect. Despite this, citizens of the Republic of Ireland still enlist in the British Army and thus are eligible for the Victoria Cross and other British honours.

Background

Established in 1856, the Victoria Cross has been awarded to service personnel for extraordinary valour and devotion to duty while facing a hostile force. Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could also be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy.[1] Six people (four Irish, one English and one Canadian) were awarded Victoria Crosses under this clause (one in 1866 during the Fenian raids, five for a single incident in 1867 during the Andaman Islands Expedition), until it was amended in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".[1][2] It was awarded to members of the British Armed Forces which included Irish service personnel until 1922. It is currently available to personnel of any rank in any service, and to allies serving under or with British Forces. It is the highest honour in the Commonwealth honours system, placed before all other orders, decorations and medals.

Both Catholic and Protestant officers and servicemen born in Ireland served alongside each other in the British Military.[3] During the previous two centuries they had a common military background, and irrespective of class or creed many were decorated with the British highest award for valour. 30 Irish VCs were awarded in the Crimean War, 59 Irish VCs in the Indian Mutiny, 46 Irish VCs in numerous other British Empire campaigns between 1857 and 1914, 37 Irish VCs in World War I, and eight Irish VCs in World War II.

Recipients

  1. REDIRECT Template:Legend inline
Name Date of action Conflict Unit Place of action Notes
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Second Afghan War British Indian Army Killa Kazi, Afghanistan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1919 Baltic Campaign 1918 HM Coastal Motor Boat 4 Kronstadt, Russia
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 09090th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Queen's Dragoon Guards Sandila, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1901* Second Boer War Royal Irish Regiment Monument Hill, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India [4]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 02323rd Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916* First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Thiepval, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Anglo-Zulu War 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Ulundi, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1868 Abyssinian Expedition 03333rd Regiment of Foot Magdala, Abyssinia
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916 First World War Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Jutland, Denmark
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War Scots Guards Cambrin, France
Joseph Bradshaw 1855 Crimean War Rifle Brigade Woronzoff Road, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1900 Second Boer War 01414th King's Hussars Geluk, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0011st European Bengal Fusiliers Narnaul, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 2006* War in Afghanistan 001Parachute Regiment Sangin, Afghanistan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Sea of Azov, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08686th Regiment Jhansi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 06868th Regiment of Foot Inkerman, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1898 Mahdist War 02121st Lancers Omdurman, Sudan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War 0022nd York and Lancaster Regiment La Brique, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War Royal Artillery Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01313th Regiment of Foot Azumgurh, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916* First World War Royal Irish Fusiliers Hamel, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1902 Somaliland Campaign King's African Rifles Erego, Somaliland
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 03434th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879* Anglo-Zulu War 02424th Regiment of Foot Isandhlwana South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917 First World War Cheshire Regiment Ypres, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 0033rd Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 04949th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War Royal Munster Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1897 Siege of Malakand 02222nd Punjab Infantry Malakand, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Gordon Highlanders Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Second Afghan War Bombay Staff Corps Kam Dakka, Afghanistan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1901 Second Boer War Imperial Light Horse Tygerkloof Spruit, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1918 First World War New Zealand Expeditionary Force Crèvecœur, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1889 Karenni Expedition Bombay Medical Service Lwekaw, Burma
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917* First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Bois-en-Hache, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1881 First Boer War Nourse's Horse (Transvaal) Elandsfontein, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1914* First World War Royal Fusiliers Mons, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01010th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Horse Artillery Bulandshahr, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1918* First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Groagie, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06060th Rifles Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Bulandshahr, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1881 First Boer War 0011st King's Dragoon Guards Laing's Nek, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1918 First World War Royal Munster Fusiliers Reincourt, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Kereina Peak, Palestine
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09393rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05353rd Regiment of Foot Chota Behar, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916 First World War Middlesex Regiment Thiepval, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917* First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers La Vacquerie, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1901 Second Boer War The Scottish Horse Vlakfontein, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1940 Second World War East Lancashire Regiment Dunkirk, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1942* Second World War 825825 Naval Air Squadron Straits of Dover
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 01818th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 01717th Lancers Balaklava, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1940 Second World War Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Atlantic Ocean
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1899 Second Boer War Royal Fusiliers Mafeking, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Horse Artillery Bulandshahr, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Basuto War 09494th Regiment of Foot Sekukuni's Town, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06464th Regiment of Foot Cawnpore, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Veteran Establishment Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) Zlobane Mountain, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 05757th Regiment of Foot Sebastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1940* Second World War No. 12 Squadron RAF Albert Canal, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06060th Rifles Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Loodiana Regiment Benares, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 5th Bengal European Light Cavalry Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 1st Bengal European Light Cavalry Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1903 Somaliland Campaign Rifle Brigade Daratoleh, Somaliland
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 0044th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09393rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 07575th Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India [4]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 02323rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915* First World War 0088th (Winnipeg Rifles) Battalion Ypres, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Second Afghan War Staff CorpsStaff Corps and Corps of Guides Futtehabad, Afghanistan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917 First World War 02929th Battalion, CEF Lens, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Naval Brigade Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Second Afghan War Royal Engineers Bazar Valley, Afghanistan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917 First World War Lord Strathcona's Horse Guyencourt, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05252nd Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916 First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Guillemont, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916 First World War Connaught Rangers Guillemont, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05353rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1941* Second World War Royal Northumberland Fusiliers Tobruk, Libya
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1899 Second Boer War Imperial Light Horse (Natal) Elandslaagte, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 0077th Regiment Sebastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Civil Service Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bombay Artillery Chundairee, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1943 Second World War AustralianAustralian Imperial Force New Guinea, Pacific
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916 First World War Duke of Wellington's Regiment Le Sars, France [5]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War Lancashire Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 53rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1914 First World War Gordon Highlanders Ypres, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1920* Waziristan Campaign 03939th Garhwal Rifles Kot Kai, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Oonao, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Second Afghan War Royal Engineers Maidanah, Afghanistan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Anglo-Zulu War 01313th Regiment of Foot Inhlobana, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War Royal Engineers Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1893 Kachin Expedition Army Medical ServicesArmy Medical Service Fort Sima, Burma
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1944* Second World War No. 271 Squadron RAF Battle of Arnhem, Netherlands
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Åland, Finland [6]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1861 First Taranaki War 04040th Regiment of Foot New Zealand
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 01919th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 07272nd Bengal Native Infantry Calpee, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 04141st Regiment Little Inkerman, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1945 Second World War Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Johore Straits, Singapore [7]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1868 Abyssinian Expedition 03333rd Regiment of Foot Magdala, Abyssinia
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857* Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Mungulwar, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1864 New Zealand Wars Royal Artillery Tauranga, New Zealand
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1918* First World War No. 74 Squadron RAF Western Front
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1900 Second Boer War Devonshire Regiment Ladysmith, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 0033rd Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 05757th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916* First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Thiepval Wood, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0055th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0055th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09595th Regiment of Foot Rowa, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 04444th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1918 First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Ledeghem, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Anglo-Persian War 0033rd Bombay Light Cavalry Khushab, Persia
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1877 Cape Frontier Wars 08888th Regiment Komgha, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915* First World War Royal Irish Fusiliers Messines, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917 First World War Irish Guards Broembeek, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 09090th Regiment of Foot Redan, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1880 Second Afghan War Royal Horse Artillery Maiwand, Afghanistan [8]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01717th Lancers Azumgurh, India [9]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India [4]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1881 First Boer War 08888th Regiment Elandsfontein, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1864 New Zealand Wars 06868th Regiment of Foot Tauranga, New Zealand
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917 First World War Irish Guards Cuinchy, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Rifle Brigade Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1914 First World War Royal Artillery Néry, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1918* First World War 03838th Battalion, CEF Drocourt-Quéant Line, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1899 Second Boer War Royal Field Artillery Colenso, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 02323rd Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea [10]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1866 Fenian raids on Canada Rifle Brigade Danville, Quebec, Canada [11]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War Irish Guards Cuinchy, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916 First World War 0011st Division (Australia) Pozières, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917 First World War 0077th Battalion, CEF Hill 70, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Frontier Light Horse Ulundi, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 04949th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 07777th Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08686th Regiment of Foot Jhansi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Punjab Cavalry Agra, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 0011st Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1916 First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Hamel, France
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1899 Second Boer War Royal Field Artillery Colenso, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Army Medical ServiceArmy Medical Service Rorke's Drift, Natal, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1859 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03434th Regiment of Foot Kewane Trans-Gogra, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Naga Hills Expedition Bengal Staff Corps Konoma, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1899* Second Boer War King's Royal Rifle Corps Colenso, South Africa
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1917* First World War Queen's Royal Regiment Zonnebeke, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Army Kuthirga, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1860 Second Opium War 04444th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War East Surrey Regiment Hill 60, Belgium
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1863 New Zealand Wars 06565th Regiment of Foot Cameron Town, New Zealand
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1900 Second Boer War Manchester Regiment Natal, South Africa [12]
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Royal Engineers Jhansi, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1864 New Zealand Wars 04343rd Regiment of Foot Tauranga, New Zealand
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 01717th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1915 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1863 New Zealand Wars 05757th Regiment of Foot Poutoko, New Zealand
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War Naval Brigade Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1863 New Zealand Wars Royal Artillery Rangiriri, New Zealand
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Bengal Native Infantry Indore, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1854 Crimean War 03030th Regiment of Foot Inkerman, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0088th King's Royal Irish Hussars Gwalior, India
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1879 Second Afghan War 09292nd Regiment of Foot Charasiah, Afghanistan
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1855 Crimean War 07777th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Script error: No such module "Sort". 1901 Second Boer War Cape Police Ruiterskraal, South Africa

See also

References

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ a b c Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy. Five people were awarded Victoria Crosses when they manned a boat to rescue their comrades who had been sent to the Andaman Islands on an investigation. This rule was changed in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Kelly is considered an Irish recipient as well as English, due to Irish parentage.
    Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ The earliest action for which the VC was awarded (First Battle of Bomarsund, 21 June 1854).
  7. ↑ The only native of Northern Ireland to receive the VC for action in the Second World War.
  8. ↑ Mullane was born in India. He is considered an Irish recipient by parentage
    Doherty, Truesdale, 2000
  9. ↑ Michael Murphy was one eight VC recipients whose award was forfeited. Although King George V in 1920 expressed the view that the VC should not be forfeited, the medals of Murphy and the other seven were not restored. List of Recipients of the Victoria Cross, The War Office (MS3), January 1953, note, page 7.
  10. ↑ The earliest action for which the VC was awarded to a soldier (20 September 1854).
  11. ↑ Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy. Six in total were awarded for actions taken not in the face of the enemy. O'Hea single-handedly put out a fire in an ammunition railway car, for which he was awarded the VC. This rule was changed in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Scott was born in Manchester, England. He is considered an Irish recipient by parentage.
    Doherty, Truesdale, 2000

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Bibliography

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Archives

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