List of Brick Gothic buildings
The term Brick Gothic is used for what more specifically is called Baltic Brick Gothic or North German Brick Gothic. That part of Gothic architecture, widespread in Northern Germany, Denmark, Poland and the Baltic states, is commonly identified with the sphere of influence of the Hanseatic League. But there is a continuous mega-region of Gothic brick architecture, or Brick Gothic in a sense based on the facts, from the Strait of Dover to Finland and Lake Peipus and to the Sub-Carpathian region of southeastern Poland and southwestern Ukraine.
Out of northern Germany and the Baltic region, the term Brick Gothic is adequately applied as well.[1][2][3]
The region around the Baltic Sea, including Northern Germany, has some typical characteristics, but there are also regional and social differences, such as between the churches of medieval big cities and those of the neighbouring villages. On the other hand, a significant number of Gothic brick buildings erected near the Baltic Sea could also have been built in the Netherlands or in Flanders, and vice versa.
Furthermore, Gothic brick structures have also been erected in other regions, such as northern Italy, southwestern and central France, and in the Danubian area of southern Germany. The particular architectural styles of some regions differ very much from the others, these are Italian Gothic (with Lombard Gothic, Venetian Gothic and Tuscan Gothic), French Gothique Méridional. Quite late began the medieval use of brick in England, with the Tudor Style.
The true extent of northern Brick Gothic and other Gothic brick architecture is shown by this almost complete list. Template:Horizontal TOC
Lists
This list will never be complete. But it aims to be almost complete to give an unbiased survey as well on the variance as on the geography of Gothic brick buildings.
The dates given here refer to the present extant Gothic structures. Predecessors or post-Gothic alterations are not normally mentioned, but can be assessed by following up the literature. The most influential structures are indicated by bold print. Romanesque and Renaissance structures are not listed. Gothic Brick structures from outside the Baltic or North German regions, e.g. the Danubian ones, are also included, while Neogothic edifices are not listed.
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Belarus
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| Place | Building | Time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hniezna | Church of Saint Michael[4][5] | 1524–1527 | tower old, nave rebuilt in Gothic Revival style | |
| Kreva | Kreva Castle | Early 14th century | boulders with partial skin of bricks | |
| Lida | Lida Castle | 14th century | stone with brick superstructure | |
| Kamyenyets | Tower | 1276–1289 | border stronghold, one of the earliest brick constructions in the region | |
| Mir | Mir Castle | Late 15th to early 16th | UNESCO World Heritage Site. Major Renaissance alterations | |
| Synkavichy | St. Michael | 16th century | fortified church |
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Belgium
Public database links:
- IBE = Inventaris Bouwkundig Erfgoed (Inventory of Architectural Heritage)
Most of the Gothic brick architecture in Belgium can be found in West Flanders, some in a narrow strip along the border with the Netherlands. Many Gothic brick churches in the province of Limburg have been lost in the 19th century, as they were displaced by Gothic Revival churches.
| Provinces of Belgium : West Flanders • East Flanders • Prov. of Antwerp • Limburg (BE) • Flemish & Walloon Brabant, Brussels |
West Flanders
| Bruges (Brugge) • Damme • Poperinge • Veurne |
| ↕ | Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Bruges | Belfry and halls[6] | brick end 13th – end 15th century | ||
| ↑ | Old St. John's Hospital[7] | Gothic sick-halls 2nd half of 13th century, Cornelius Chapel 15th century |
|||
| ↓ | Church of Our Lady[8] | brick tower since 1270 | |||
| ↑ | St. Salvator's Cathedral[9] | Choir since 1275, transept since 1360, present nave & aisles 1481–1557: |
|||
| ↓ | Various houses of citizens | ||||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Damme | Town hall[10] | 1464–1467 | façade to the market place of stone (Brabantine Gothic) | |
| ↓ | Onze-Lieve-Vrouw-Hemelvaartkerk [11] |
Gothic & Baroque | |||
| ↑ | Huyse de Grote Sterre[12] | 15th century | older core | ||
| ↓ | Diksmuide | Belfort[13] | |||
| ↓ | Koksijde | Ten Duinen Abbey[14] | founded 1107, nave of the church 1354 | Gothic parts of brick with some ashley; destroyed in end 16th century, archeological excavations since 1897 |
|
| ↑ | Koolkerke | St Nicholas church[15] | 14th century aisleless first brick church, after destruction in 16th century, in 16th/17th centuries rebuilt as a hall church; pale grey brick |
||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Poperinge | Template:Ill[16] | 15th century | hall church | |
| ↑ | Template:Ill[17][18] | 13th–15th century | stabilized and a bit altered in the 19th century | ||
| ↓ | Template:Ill[19][20] | end 13th to 14th encenturies | hall church | ||
| ↑ | Roeselare | Sint-Michielkerk[21] | 1502 | Late Gothic hall church | |
| ↓ | Roeselare-Oekene | Template:Ill[22] | tower 15th century, nave 17th century, extended in 1895 | ||
| ↑ | near Roeselare | Rumbeke Castle[23] | Gothic, Renaissance & Baroque | ||
| ↑ | Steenkerke | Sint-Laurentiuskerk[24] | |||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Veurne | Template:Ill[25] | 13th–15th century | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill[26] | choir 14th century | choir Early Gothic, rest Gothic Revival | ||
| ↑ | House "De Valk" ("Falcon")[27] | 1st quarter of 17th century | very late Gothic | ||
| ↑ | Ypres | St Martin's Cathedral[28] | choir since 1221, transept since 1254 14th century nave & aisles, tower 1377 and 143–1470 |
most of the walls of brick, but a lot of stone tracery; was a cathedral 1561 to 1801 | |
| ↑ | Zuienkerke | Sint-Michielskerk[29] | |||
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| West Flanders ⬆ : Bruges (Brugge) • Damme • Poperinge • Veurne |
| Provinces of Belgium : West Flanders • East Flanders • Prov. of Antwerp • Limburg (BE) • Flemish & Walloon Brabant, Brussels |
East Flanders
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| Provinces of Belgium : West Flanders • East Flanders • Prov. of Antwerp • Limburg (BE) • Flemish & Walloon Brabant, Brussels |
Province of Antwerp
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Limburg
| ↕ | Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Bocholt | Sint-Laurenskerk[56] | only the nave | ||
| ↓ | Meeuwen | Template:Ill[57] | |||
| ↓ | Peer | Template:Ill[58] | only the tower of brick |
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| Provinces of Belgium : West Flanders • East Flanders • Prov. of Antwerp • Limburg (BE) • Hainaut • Flemish & Walloon Brabant, Brussels |
Hainaut
| Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battignies (Binche) | Saint-Anne's Chapel[59] | about 1600 | very late Gothic | |
| Fontaine-l'Évêque | St Christopher church[60] | simple areas of the walls of the nave of brick | ||
| Enghien | Template:Ill[61] | 14th century | ||
| Marcq, Enghien |
Template:Ill[62] | 15th century | consecrated in 1347, present building 15th century |
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Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant & Brussels
| Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brussels | Coudenberg Palace[63] | completed in 1451, burnt in 1731 | underground relics and archeological findings, the basement and some vaults were of brick |
|
| Itterbeek, Dilbeek |
Saint Anna's Church[64] | Gothic 16th century | Walls of the aisles with layers of brick, other parts stone only; Romanesque parts mid-13th century | |
| Wavre | Template:Ill[65] | Gothic 16th century | nave and base of the tower of red stone, tower of red brick with narrow layers of white stone |
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| Provinces of Belgium ⬆ : West Flanders • East Flanders • Prov. of Antwerp • Limburg (BE) • Hainaut • Flemish & Walloon Brabant, Brussels |
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Czech Republic
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Denmark
Background informations:
- NM-DK = Digitized pages, available on the websites of the National Museum, of the compendium of Danmarks Kirker ("Churches of Denmark"). It has been published since 1927, but the digitized pages mostly are of editions of the 1990s. On the linked subpage, you have to cklick for a PDF with the title "... Kirke". The description you load down begins with some history. After that, the churchyard is described and after the churchyard, mostly beginning with the headline "BYGNING", the church building itself. In this list, sometimes simply is written "PDF", sometimes an identification of the volume and the number "BYGNING"-page.
- Trap = Statistik-Topographisk Beskrivelse af Kongeriket Danmark (Statistical-Topographical Description of the Kingdom of Denmark, initiated by Jens Peter Trap and continued by H. Weitemeyer, V. Falbe-Hansen & H. Westergaard. The 1st edition 1856–1860, 2nd edition 1872–1879 & 3rd edition 1898–1906 are available on Runeberg[66] edition of Nordic literature. As a non-commercial volunteer project providing original texts, it can be considered equivalent to Wikisource.
| Denmark: North Jutland • Mid Jutland • South Jutland • Funen • Zealand • Lolland & Falster |
North Jutland
– Danish "Region Nordjylland" –
| Jutland : Aalborg • Brønderslev Kom. • Frederikshavn Kom. • Hjørring + Kom. • Jammerbugt Kom. • Mariager + Kom. • Mors Island • Thisted + Kom. • Vesthimmerlands Kom. • Ribe/Esbjerg Kom. • Viborg |
| ↕ | Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Aalborg | Budolfi Church | about 1450 | northern chapel and 14 meters of the choir 1942–1944 | |||||
| ↓ | Hospital of the Holy Ghost | this wing 1506 | |||||||
| ↓ | Bislev, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque nave of granite, white washed Gothic tower of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Ferslev, Aalborg Kommune |
Ferslev church | Romanesque nave of granite, white washed Gothic tower of brick | ||||||
| ↓ | Frejlev, Aalborg Kommune |
Frejlev kirke[67] | nave 12th century | Romanesque nave of granite, white washed Gothic tower of brick | |||||
| ↑ | Hals, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | choir Late Gothic, tower Late Gothic & later heightened | ||||||
| ↓ | with proviso for lacking data: Klarup, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | |||||||
| ↑ | Nibe, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | 15th century | ||||||
| ↓ | Nørre Tranders, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | granite & brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Sejlflod, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | brick 16th century | ||||||
| ↓ | Storvorde, Aalborg Kommune |
Storvorde church | 14th century or later | ||||||
| ↑ | Sønder Tranders, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | tower & alterations of the nave Late Gothic of brick, washed | ||||||
| ↓ | Sønderholm, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | tower & porch LateGothic of brick, washed | ||||||
| ↑ | Vester Hassing, Aalborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | tower 15th century | ||||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Tise, Brønderslev Kommune |
Template:Ill | Late Gothic enlargement and modernization | ||||||
| ↑ | Tolstrup, Brønderslev Kommune |
Template:Ill[68] | porch Late Gothic, tower replaced in 1937 | ||||||
| ↓ | near Voergaard Castle, Brønderslev Kommune |
Template:Ill | Late Gothic choir and porch; tower 1788 | ||||||
| ↑ | Øster Brønderslev, Brønderslev Kommune |
Template:Ill | about 1250 | nave & base of the tower of granite, tower of red brick, porch of washed biick | |||||
| ↓ | Åsted, Frederikshavn Kommune |
Template:Ill |
| ||||||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Elling, Frederikshavn Kommune |
Template:Ill | 13th century | Romanesque & Gothic | |||||
| ↓ | Volstrup Frederikshavn Kommune |
Template:Ill | ca. 1600 | Late Romanesque (also brick) & Late Gothic; gables altered to Baroque style | |||||
| ↑ | Skagen, Frederikshavn Kommune |
Sand-Covered Church | btw. 1355 & 1387 | nave demolished in 1895 | |||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Hjørring | Template:Ill[69] | Gothic 15th century | choir, tower & other additions to the Romensque nave (years on the tower from renovations) | |||||
| ↑ | Skallerup, Hjørring Kommune |
Template:Ill | nave Romanesque, tower, sacrity & porch Late Gothic | ||||||
| ↓ | Vrensted, Hjørring Kommune |
Template:Ill | Late Gothic whitened brick tower; Romanesque nave of granite | ||||||
| ↑ | Vrå, Hjørring Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romensque nave with Late Gothic painted brick tower & porch | ||||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Alstrup, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Template:Ill | choir & tower Late Gothic of brick, whitened | ||||||
| ↑ | Brovst, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Template:Ill | Gothic 14th century | tower & porch of brick | |||||
| ↓ | Gjøl, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Gjøl church[70] | nave 1150 | brick tower Gothic age | |||||
| ↑ | Haverslev, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Haverslev church | Gothic tower of Romanesque granite church, renovation 1757, poor chronicle information | ||||||
| ↓ | Hune Sogn, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Hune-/ Vor for Frue Kirke[71] | whitene Githic brick tower, Romanesque (?) nave of granite | ||||||
| ↑ | Ingstrup Sogn, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Ingstrup church[72] | nave with romanesque walls of granit eashley and gothic vaults, whitened Gothic brick tower | ||||||
| ↓ | Pandrup Jammerbugt Kom. |
Template:Ill[73] | th century |
| |||||
| ↓ | Kettrup, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Kettrup church [74] | nave 12th century | tower and porch of brick in late Middle Age, renovation in 1801 | |||||
| ↑ | Klim, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Klim church[75] | nave 12th century | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower and further whitened brick additions | |||||
| ↓ | Fjerritslev, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Kollerup church[76] | Gothic about 1500 | Romanesque granite nave of 12th century | |||||
| ↑ | Lerup sogn, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Template:Ill | tower mid 15th century | Romanesque nave, Late Gothic whitened brick tower, younger porch | |||||
| ↓ | near Brovst, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Template:Ill[77] | Romanesque nave, Late Gothic tower; upper storey of the tower demolished in 1841 | ||||||
| ↑ | Tranum Sogn, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Tranum Kirke[78] | Romanesque nave about 1200, Late Gothic tower about 1450 | ||||||
| ↓ | Vester Hjermitslev Sogn, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Template:Ill | Gothic about 1500 | tower & relaunch of the nave by brick, whitened | |||||
| ↑ | Vust, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Vust church[79] | tower about 1500 | Romanesque granite nave, Gothic whitened brick tower | |||||
| ↓ | Øland island, Jammerbugt Kom. |
Template:Ill | early 15th century | former nunnery church, yellow brick, nowadays white washed | |||||
| ↑ | Byrum, Læsø |
Template:Ill[80] | 1258 | mainly Romanesque, but two Gothic windows and inside Gothic vaults | |||||
| ↓ | Vesterø, Læsø |
Template:Ill | about 1250 | mainly Romanesque, tower Gothic | |||||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Mariager, Mariagerfjiord Kom. |
Mariager Abbey church | 15th century | former nunnery and pilgrimage | |||||
| ↓ | Template:Ill, Mariagerfjiord Kom. |
Template:Ill | 1309 | white washed | |||||
| ↑ | Astrup, Mariagerfjiord Kom. |
Astrup church[81] | 1542 | octagonal tower of red brick | |||||
| ↓ | Falslev-Vindblæs sogn, Mariagerfjiord Kom. |
Falslev kirke[82] | Romanesque nave of granite ashley, whitened brick tower & porch Late Gothic additions | only granite photos | |||||
| ↑ | Vindblæs church[83] | Brick about 1550 | Late Gothic tower and porch | ||||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Hvidberg, Mors island, Morsø Kommune |
Hvidberg church[84] | tower about 1500 | nave 12th century of granite ashley | |||||
| ↑ | Nykøbing Mors, Mors |
Dueholm Priory | founded 1370 | ||||||
| ↓ | Sejerslev, Mors island, Morsø Kommune |
church[85] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | ||||||
| ↑ | Vejerslev, Mors island, Morsø Kommune |
Vejerslev church | tower about 1400 | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | |||||
| ↓ | Torup, Fjerritslev, Rebild Kommune |
Torup kirke[86] | tower about 1500 | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower ; porch about 1900 | |||||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Thisted, Thisted Kommune |
church[87] | about 1500 | yellow munk brick with granite ashley and chalk, nowadays white washed | |||||
| ↓ | Bedsted, Thisted Kommune |
Bedsted church[88] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic red brick tower, interior of the nave about 1500 | ||||||
| ↑ | Hillerslev, Thisted Kommune |
Hillerslev kirke[89] | tower about 1500 | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | |||||
| ↓ | 13 km NE of Thisted, Thisted Kommune |
Template:Ill[90] | Gothic 15th century | Romanesque granite church (about 1200) with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | |||||
| ↑ | Hunstrup, Thisted Kommune |
Hunstrup kirke[91] | Gothic about 1500 th century | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower and porch | |||||
| ↓ | Lild, Thisted Kommune |
Lild kirke[92] | about 1460 | munk brick & Bulbjerg stone | |||||
| ↑ | Lodbjerg Sogn, Thisted Kommune |
Template:Ill | 1530s | ||||||
| ↓ | Ørum, Thisted Kommune |
Template:Ill[93] | tower about 1500 | Late Gothic red brick tower, Romanesque granite nave & choir | |||||
| ↑ | Øsløs, Thisted Kommune |
Øsløs Kirke[94] | tower about 1500 | Romanesque granite nave & choir | |||||
| ↓ | Østerild, Thisted Kommune |
Østerild Kirke[95] | core about 1160 | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | |||||
| ↑ | Sennels, Thisted Kommune |
Template:Ill[96] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower and porch | ||||||
| ↓ | Sjørring, Thisted Kommune |
Sjørring kirke[97] | tower about 1500 | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | |||||
| ↑ | Tømmerby, Thisted Kommune |
Tømmerby kirke[98] | nave about 1130, tower & porch late Middle Age of brick, whitened | ||||||
| ↓ | Vestervig, Thisted Kommune |
Vestervig abbey church | Romanesque basilica of granite ashley, Late Gothic tower of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Villerslev, Thisted Kommune |
Villerslev kirke[99] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | ||||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Farsø, Vesthimmerland |
Template:Ill[100] | nave & choir about 1180, tower & porch Late Gothic of brick, whitened | ||||||
| ↑ | Gedsted, Vesthimmerland |
Template:Ill | Brick 14th century | transept and tower of brick, partly whitened | |||||
| ↓ | Simested, Vesthimmerland |
Template:Ill | brick 16th century | Romanesque nave of granite ashley 13th century | |||||
| ↑ | Skivum, Vesthimmerland |
Skivum kirke | Romanesque granite church with Gothic whitened brick tower | ||||||
| ↑ | Vesterbølle, Vesthimmerland |
Template:Ill | brick early 16th century | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | |||||
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| North Jutland ⬆ : Aalborg • Brønderslev Kom. • Frederikshavn Kom. • Hjørring + Kom. • Jammerbugt Kom. • Mariager + Kom. • Mors Island • Thisted + Kom. • Vesthimmerlands Kom. |
| Denmark: North Jutland • Mid Jutland • South Jutland • Funen • Zealand • Lolland & Falster |
Mid Jutland
– Danish "Region Midtjylland" –
| Middle + South Jutland : Aarhus • Horsens • Viborg • Randers• Ribe/Esbjerg Kom. |
| ↕ | Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Aarhus, Aarhus Kommune |
Cathedral | end of 14th century to 1500 | ||||||
| ↑ | Church of Our Lady | mid-13th century to 1500 | |||||||
| ↓ | Framlev Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque nave of boulders & trachyte, Late Gothic tower of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Kasted Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Template:Ill | brick about 1500 | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower & porch; upper storey of the tower replaced in 1935 | |||||
| ↓ | Kolt Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Kolt Church | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick porch & tower, all white painted | ||||||
| ↑ | Lisbjerg Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick porch & tower, all white painted | ||||||
| ↓ | MårsletSogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Template:Ill | brick about 1500 | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick porch & tower, all white painted | |||||
| ↑ | Ormslev Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Template:Ill | tower 16th century | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick enlargement, porch & tower, all white painted | |||||
| ↓ | Skødstrup Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Template:Ill[101][102] | Romanesque nave of stone, Late Gothic tower, porch and enlargement of the nave by brick, nowadays all brick painted white | ||||||
| ↑ | Spørring Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Template:Ill | brick about 1500 | Gothic tower & porch of a Romanesque church of natural stone | |||||
| ↓ | Sønder Aarslev Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Sønder Aarslev Church | late Middle Age | enlargements by brick | |||||
| ↑ | Tilst Sogn, Aarhus Kommune |
Tilst Church | tower Late Gothic | ||||||
| ↓ | Blegind, Skanderborg Kommune |
Template:Ill[103] | Late Gothic tower of brick, white washed nave of granite and other stone | ||||||
| ↑ | Foldby Sogn, Favrskov Kommune |
Template:Ill |
| ||||||
| ↑ | Grinderslev, Skive Kommune |
Grinderslev Kirke[104] | Late Middle Age tower with basket arched windows at a Romanesque church of granite ashlar | ||||||
| ↑ | Daugård, Hedensted Kommune |
Template:Ill | white painted Romanesque trachyte church with Late Gothic brick tower, porch and alterations | ||||||
| ↑ | Løsning-Korning Sogn, Hedensted Kommune |
Korning kirke[105] | white painted Romanesque trachyte church with Late Gothic brick tower | ||||||
| ↓ | Ølsted Sogn, Hedensted Kommune |
Template:Ill | tower 15th century | originally Romanesque nave with a Gothic tower of yellow brick, altered in 17th century | |||||
| ↑ | Øster Snede sogn, Hedensted Kommune |
Øster Snede kirke,[106] | tower 15th century | white painted brick tower; Romanesque nave with Gothic alterations | |||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Horsens, eastern coast |
Church of Our Saviour (Template:Ill) | 1225 | Romanesque & Gothic | |||||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 1261–1275 | |||||||
| ↓ | Lundum Sogn, Horsens Kommune |
Lundum kirke[107] | Late Middle Age tower and alterations of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Ørridslev, Horsens Kommune |
Template:Ill,[108] | brick about 1500 | Gothic porch and white painted tower | |||||
| ↓ | Tyrsted, Horsens Kommune |
Tyrsted kirke[109] | Gothic brick tower, white painted Romanesque nave | ||||||
| ↑ | Yding Sogn, Horsens Kommune |
Template:Ill,[110] | white painted Gothic brick tower, Neo-Romanesque nave | ||||||
| ↑ | Grenaa, Norddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill | 14th century | Present-day outer appearance dominated by Gothic Revival additions of 1870 | |||||
| ↓ | Ålsø Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill[111] | tower 1450 | nowadays white painted | |||||
| ↑ | Fausing, Norddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill | Late Gothic porch of brick | ||||||
| ↓ | Ginnerup, Norddjurs Kommune |
Ginnerup kirke[112] | brick 14th century | Gothic tower, porch and choir | |||||
| ↑ | Gjerrild Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Gjerrild kirke[113] | Gothic tower & porch mainly of brick | ||||||
| ↓ | Gjesing Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Gjesing kirke[114] | vaults of the nave, choir, tower of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Glesborg, Norddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | ||||||
| ↓ | Holbæk Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Holbæk kirke[115] | Late Middle Age porch of brikc and tower of granite & brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Homå Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Homå kirke[116] | brick Late Gothic | Romanesque granite building partly replaced by Late Gothic | |||||
| ↓ | Karlby, Norddjurs Kommune |
Karlby kirke[117] | Late Gothic stilt tower of brick, white painted | ||||||
| ↑ | Ørsted Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill[118] | late Middle Age | tower of ganite ashley and big brick | |||||
| ↓ | Template:Ill, Norddjurs Kommune |
Ørum Church | sacristy (2nd half of 15th century) and tower (1510s) of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Veggerslev, Norddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill[119] | Late Gothic tower & porch of brick | ||||||
| ↓ | Vejlby, Norddjurs Kommune |
Vejlby Kirke[120] | Late Gothic tower and porch of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Villersø Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Villersø kirke[121] | tower (upper part) & porch (plastered) of brick | ||||||
| ↓ | Vivild Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Vivild kirke[122] | tower & porch late Middle Age of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Voer Sogn, Norddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill[123] | stilt tower of big red brick – nowadays white painted | ||||||
| ↓ | Voldby, Norddjurs Kommune |
Voldby kirke[124] | brick since 13th century, 14th-century tower, white painted | ||||||
| ↑ | Nørre Snede, Ikast-Brande Kom. |
Template:Ill | upper storeys of the white painted Late Gothic tower of brick | ||||||
| ↓ | Odder, Odder Kommune |
Template:Ill,[125] | Romanesque nave & choir of granite ashley, white painted Late Gothic tower of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | Bjerager Sogn, Odder Kommune |
Template:Ill,[126] | Gothic porch of brick and boulders | ||||||
| ↓ | Falling Sogn, Odder Kommune |
Template:Ill,[127] | tower 2nd half of 14th century, mainly brick, white painted | ||||||
| ↑ | Gosmer Sogn, Odder Kommune |
Template:Ill | late Middle Age tower of brick, painted white | ||||||
| ↓ | Hundslund Sogn, Odder Kommune |
Hundslund kirke[128] | brick early 16th century | Romanesque choir & nave of granite ashley, upper parts of the white painted Gothic tower of brick | |||||
| ↑ | Tunø, Odder Kommune |
Template:Ill,[129] | about 1300 | Gothic brick gables; tower nowadays serving as a light house | |||||
| ↑ | Ringkøbing, Ringkøbing-Skjern |
Template:Ill | 15th century & 1550 | round bows, but no Renaissance elements | |||||
| ↓ | Brejning Sogn, Ringkøbing-Skjern |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic white painted brick tower and porch | ||||||
| ↑ | Dejbjerg Sogn, Ringkøbing-Skjern |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic white painted brick tower and porch | ||||||
| ↓ | Nørre Omme Sogn, Ringkøbing-Skjern |
Template:Ill[130] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic white painted brick tower | ||||||
| ↑ | Rindum, Ringkøbing-Skjern |
Template:Ill | 12th century | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic white painted brick tower and porch | |||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Randers | St Martin's Church[131] | 1490–1520 | former abbey church | |||||
| ↑ | Holy Ghost Hospital (Helligåndshuset)[132] | 1434 | |||||||
| ↓ | Ålum sogn, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | late 16th century | Romanesque nave with gothic alterartions, tower in Gothic-Renaissance transitional style | |||||
| ↑ | Albæk Sogn, Randers Kommune |
Albæk Kirke[133] | tower & porch ≈1450 | nave & choir late 11th century of chalk ashley | |||||
| ↓ | Borup, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower and some later additions | ||||||
| ↑ | Dalbyneder, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | boulders about 1150 | boulders & white washed brick | |||||
| ↓ | Dalbyover, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower, much of the outer skin of the tower renewed in 1891 | ||||||
| ↑ | Fårup Sogn, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick porch, white washed | ||||||
| ↓ | Gassum Sogn, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower, white washed | ||||||
| ↑ | Hald Sogn, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower, porch & sacristy | ||||||
| ↓ | Harridslev sogn, Randers Kommune |
Harridslev kirke[134] | whitened Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower & porch | ||||||
| ↑ | Hørning sogn, Randers Kommune |
Hørning church[135] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower & transept, Baroque western gate | ||||||
| ↓ | Lem sogn, Randers Kommune |
Lem kirke[136] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic partly whitened brick tower, tower renovated in 1760 & 1901 | ||||||
| ↑ | Nørbæk Sogn, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic whitened brick tower | ||||||
| ↓ | Ørum Sogn, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill[137] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick porch | ||||||
| ↑ | Råby, Randers Kommune |
Råby Kirke[138] | porch 16th century | porch of alternant belts of red & yellow brick, tower probably also of brick, but painted | |||||
| ↓ | Råsted, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | whitened Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower | ||||||
| ↑ | 500 m from the coast north of Randers |
Sødring kirke[139] | 15th century | white painted red brick | |||||
| ↓ | Tånum sogn, Randers Kommune |
Tånum church[140] | Romanesque granite church with Late Gothic brick tower and white painted porch | ||||||
| ↑ | Udbyneder, Randers Kommune |
Template:Ill | all of brick: late Romanesque nave & choir and Gothic tower | ||||||
| ↓ | Besser Sogn, Samsø |
Template:Ill,[141] | mid 13th century | all of brick | |||||
| ↑ | Kolby, Samsø |
Template:Ill,[142] | mid 13th century | all of brick | |||||
| ↓ | Nordby, Samsø |
Template:Ill,[143] | early 12th to 15th century | several additions | |||||
| ↑ | Onsbjerg Sogn, Samsø |
Onsbjerg Kirke [144] | mid 13th century | choir 15th century, tower 1st half of 16th, all of brick | |||||
| ↓ | Tranebjerg Sogn, Samsø |
Template:Ill,[145] | 3rd Q 13th to mid 16th century | several enlargements | |||||
| ↑ | Skivholme, Skanderborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | late medieval tower and porch of brick, Romanesque choir & nave | ||||||
| ↓ | Fousing Sogn, Struer Kommune |
Template:Ill,[146] | brick: porch about 1500, tower about 1550 | ||||||
| ↓ | Hvidbjerg Sogn, Struer Kommune |
Template:Ill,[147] | brick about 1500 | Romanesque granits church with Late Gothic tower & transept | |||||
| ↑ | Rønde, Syddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill, [148] |
2nd half of 15th century | ||||||
| ↓ | Dråby, Syddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill[149] | 1200–1400 | ||||||
| ↓ | Feldballe Sogn, Syddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill,[150] | brick late Middle Age | Late gothic tower & porch | |||||
| ↑ | Koed Sogn, Syddjurs Kommune |
Koed Kirke[151] | brick late Middle Age | tower and vaults of the choir Gothic | |||||
| ↓ | Lime, Syddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill,[152][153] | late Middle Age porch of brick | ||||||
| ↑ | W of Ryomgård, Syddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill | 1425–58 | ||||||
| ↓ | Mørke Sogn, Syddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill,[154] | brick: porch since 13th, tower 14th century, unpainted | ||||||
| ↑ | Nimtofte, Syddjurs Kommune |
Nimtofte kirke[155][156] | brick, nowadays painted: Late Gothic stilt tower, porch and modernizations of the nave | ||||||
| ↓ | Thorsager, Syddjurs Kommune |
Thorsager Church[157] | Late Middle Age | porch of the Romanesque round brick church | |||||
| ↑ | Tirstrup, Ebeltoft, Syddjurs Kommune |
Template:Ill[158][159] | since 1465 | replacing a Romanesque predecessor, white painted | |||||
| ↓ | Tvilum, Silkeborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | 13th century | ||||||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Viborg | Domprovstegården | Cathedral dean's residence | ||||||
| ↑ | Gråbrødreklosteret (Greyfriars Convent) | 13th century | altered since 1545 | ||||||
| ↑ | Villadsens Gård | 1530 | enlarged in 1643 | ||||||
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| North + Mid Jutland ⬆ : Aalborg • Brønderslev Kom. • Frederikshavn Kom. • Hjørring • Jammerbugt Kom. • Mariager • Mors Island • Thisted • Vesthimmerlands Kom. • Aarhus • Horsens • Randers • Viborg • Ribe/Esbjerg Kom. |
| Denmark: North Jutland • Mid Jutland • South Jutland • Funen • Zealand • Lolland & Falster |
South Jutland
– Jutland part of Danish Region "Region Syddanmark";
that is much more than traditional "Sønderjylland" –
| Ribe/Esbjerg Kom. |
| ↕ | Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Grindsted, Billund Kommune |
Template:Ill,[160][161] | core & tower Romanesque 12th century, 15th century or about 1500 porch & enlargement of the nave by brick, white washed | ||
| ↓ | Haderslev | Cathedral | mid 14th century to 1440 | ||
| ↓ | Kolding | Koldinghus | 13th century | since 1808 in ruins for more than a century | |
| ↓ | Nybøl, Sønderborg Kommune |
Template:Ill | brick 1582 | very late Gothic prolongation and modernization of a Romanesque 12th-century church, white washed | |
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Ribe, Esbjerg Kommune, western coast |
Cathedral | until 1250 Romanesque stone, since 1283 Gothic brick |
Romanesque, since 1100 of tufa, sandstone and granite; Citizens' Tower and chapels (later lateral naves) of brick |
|
| ↓ | Template:Ill | about 1450 | |||
| ↑ | St. Catherine's Priory | founded 1228 | |||
| ↓ | Seem near Ribe, Esbjerg Kommune |
Template:Ill | since about 1200 | Gothic western portal, generally Romanesque | |
| ↑ | Esbjerg Kommune | Template:Ill | about 1300 | Romanesque nave partly of brick, Gothic choir of brick, all washed | |
| ↑ | Tønder, southwestern Jutland |
Template:Ill | 1591/1592 | one of the few initially Protestant Gothic churches | |
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| Jutland ⬆ : Aalborg • Brønderslev Kom. • Frederikshavn Kom. • Hjørring + Kom. • Jammerbugt Kom. • Mariager + Kom. • Mors Island • Thisted + Kom. • Vesthimmerlands Kom. • Aarhus • Horsens • Randers • Viborg • Ribe/Esbjerg Kom. |
| Denmark: North Jutland • Mid Jutland • South Jutland • Funen • Zealand • Lolland & Falster |
Funen
and adjacent islands
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| Denmark: North Jutland • Mid Jutland • South Jutland • Funen • Zealand • Lolland & Falster |
Zealand
and adjacent islands
| Faxe • Helsingør • Møn • Næstved • Odsherred Kom. • Roskilde • Stevns Kom. |
| Zealand ⬆ : Faxe • Helsingør • Møn • Næstved • Odsherred Kom. • Roskilde • Stevns Kom. |
| Denmark: North Jutland • Mid Jutland • South Jutland • Funen • Zealand • Lolland & Falster |
Lolland and Falster
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| Denmark ⬆ : North Jutland • Mid Jutland • South Jutland • Funen • Zealand • Lolland & Falster |
| Navigation: BELA • BEL • CZ • DK • ENG • EST • FIN • FRA • GER • HUNG • ITA • LAT • LIT • NL • POL • RUS • SK • SWE • SWI • UKR |
England
In England, the use of bricks for pretentious buildings began later than in continental Europe. And the collective of Gothic brick buildings differs, almost no religious buildings and very few urban ones.
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| Navigation: BELA • BEL • CZ • DK • ENG • EST • FIN • FRA • GER • HUNG • ITA • LAT • LIT • NL • POL • RUS • SK • SWE • SWI • UKR |
Estonia
| Place | Building | Time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laiuse Castle | 13th – 14th centuries | partly brick surface on the walls of boulders; destroyed in 1559, afterwards partly rebuilt |
||
| Põltsamaa | Põltsamaa Castle | rests of Gothic façade decoration of btick; since 1750 converted into a Rococo palace; destroyed in 1941 |
||
| Tartu | Cathedral | 13th – 15th centuries | Destroyed in Livonian War, east part of ruin now houses Tartu University Museum. Towers were originally Script error: No such module "convert". high (now Script error: No such module "convert".). |
|
| St. John | early 14th century | |||
| Vastseliina | Vastseliina Castle | 14th – 15th centuries | partly brick surface on the walls of boulders; rests of Gothic decoration of brick destroyed in 1702 |
|
| Viljandi | Viljandi Castle | 13th – 14th centuries | ||
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Finland
| Navigation: BELA • BEL • CZ • DK • ENG • EST • FIN • FRA • GER • HUNG • ITA • LAT • LIT • NL • POL • RUS • SK • SWE • SWI • UKR |
| Place | Building | Time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Espoo | Cathedral | 1485–1490, trancept 1821–1823 | Parts of brick Gothic | |
| Halikko | Halikko Church | 1460–1475, trancepts and portico 1812–1814 | Portico of brick Gothic | |
| Hämeenlinna | Häme Castle | 15th and 16th century, on earlier fieldstone foundations | Brick castle | |
| Hattula | Holy Cross Church | 1472–1490 | Northernmost Brick Gothic church | |
| Porvoo | Cathedral | 1440–1450 | ||
| Turku | Cathedral | Late 14th century to early 16th century, a brick gothic chapel 1655–1657 | ||
| Saint Mary's Church (Finnish: Maarian kirkko) | 1440–1460 |
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| Navigation: BELA • BEL • CZ • DK • ENG • EST • FIN • FRA • GER • HUNG • ITA • LAT • LIT • NL • POL • RUS • SK • SWE • SWI • UKR |
France
| Navigation: North • Alsace • Center • Burgundy/Bresse • Forez • South |
Hauts-de-France with French Flanders
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| Navigation: North • Alsace • Center • Burgundy/Bresse • Forez • South |
Alsace
| Department | Place | Building | time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bas-Rhin | Strasbourg | Towers of the Ponts Couverts | 1230–1250 |
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| Navigation: North • Alsace • Center • Burgundy/Bresse • Forez • South |
Central France, south and west of Orléans
In the Loir-et-Cher department, there is a small group of Gothic brick buildings. One of them even is among the most famous buildings of France, though not for its bricks.
| Department | Place | Building | Time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eure-et-Loir | Villebon | Template:Ill[181] | 14th century | ||
| Indre-et-Loire | La Riche | Château de Plessis-lez-Tours | 15th–16th century | Brick-and-Stone,[181] largely restored in 19th and 20th century | |
| Loir-et-Cher | Blois | Blois Castle | 1440–1501 | wings of Charles VIII and Louis XII, Flamboyant style and onset of the Brick-and-Stone style[181] |
|
| Lassay-sur-Croisne | Template:Ill | 15th century | |||
| Chaumont-sur-Tharonne | St-Étienne (st Steven's Church) | 15th century | |||
| Saint-Viâtre | Template:Ill | early 16th century | southern façade of the transept | ||
| Souvigny-en-Sologne | Template:Ill | 16th century | western part of the nave | ||
| Vouzon | Template:Ill | 15th–16th century | tower: stone and mosaic of bricks |
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| Navigation: North • Alsace • Center • Burgundy/Bresse • Forez • South |
(Ducal) Burgundy and Franche Comté region
In Middle Ages, the same rulers were Dukes of Burgundy as French vassals and Counts of Burgundy as vassals of the Holy Roman Empire.
| Department | Place | Building | Time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Côte-d'Or | Citeaux Abbey | Library | 1260–1509 | Abbey founded in 1098, mother of all Cistercian abbeys; outer walls of the library with mosaics of varnished brick |
|
| Ain | Bâgé-la-Ville | Template:Ill | about 1200 | ||
| Châtillon-sur-Chalaronne | Saint-Andrew's Church[182] | 1273 | |||
| Château de Châtillon-sur-Chalaronne[183] | 11th–15th century | ruins | |||
| Saône-et-Loire | Louhans | Template:Ill | |||
| Mervans | Template:Ill | 14th century |
| Navigation: North • Alsace • Center • Burgundy/Bresse • Forez • South |
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Forez
– Between Burgundy and Languedoc –
| Department | Place | Building | Time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loire | Sainte-Agathe-la-Bouteresse | Template:Ill | 12th–14th centuries | only partly brick, nowadays disused as an agricultural building[184][185] |
no photo in WM Commons |
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| Navigation: North • Alsace • Center • Burgundy/Bresse • Forez • South |
Southern France around Toulouse
| Toulouse • Albi • Pamiers |
(*) "Our-Lady's-Assumption Church" = Église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption Script error: No such module "anchor".Script error: No such module "anchor".
| Navigation ⇑ : North • Alsace • Center • Burgundy/Bresse • Forez • South |
| Navigation: BELA • BEL • CZ • DK • ENG • EST • FIN • FRA • GER • HUNG • ITA • LAT • LIT • NL • POL • RUS • SK • SWE • SWI • UKR |
Germany
See List of Gothic brick buildings in Germany
Hungary
– In Hungary, there is much more hidden than visible medieval brick. During the 145 years of Ottoman occupation, many churches fell in ruins. At about 1700 they were restored, inclusively of plastering, which need not necessary have existed before. In ruins of the Turkish wars and of World War II, brick can be visible, though these buildings had been plastered in their time of function. –
| Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Árpás, west bank of Rába river |
Template:Ill | 1251 |
| |||||
| Budapest | Tower of Template:Ill | about 1400 | nave of stone, destroyed in the end of WW: II | |||||
| Szentes, east of lower Tisza river |
with proviso: Ecser church |
ruin of a perhaps originally plastered church | ||||||
| Egyházasdengeleg, east of Esztergom |
St. Imre church | 14th century gothic enlargement of a Roamnesque stone church of 11th/12th century | ||||||
| Nagygéc, Csengersima, NE corner of Hungary |
with proviso: Reformed church |
13th century | Romanesque church with a Gothic choir, temporarily widely unplastered, but now plastered again[188] | |||||
| Somogyvámos, south of lake Balaton |
with proviso: Template:Ill |
13th century | ruin of an originally plastered church | |||||
| Türje, Zala County, NW of lake Balaton |
Premonstratensian Template:Ill | begun between 1230 & 1240 | Romanesque-Gothic transitional style, reconstruction about 1900 | |||||
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| Navigation: BELA • BEL • CZ • DK • ENG • EST • FIN • FRA • GER • HUNG • ITA • LAT • LIT • NL • POL • RUS • SK • SWE • SWI • UKR |
Italy
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| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • FRI • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Abruzzo
| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Atessa | Template:Ill | 13th century | Renaissance alterations | |
| ↓ | Lanciano | Santa Maria Maggiore, Lanciano | Tower and originally possibly plastered vaults | ||
| ↓ | Penne (on hills between two rivers, view to Gran Sasso d'Italia) |
Penne Cathedral | 11th–13th centuries | interim Baroque decoration, nowadays withdrawn |
|
| ↓ | various private palazzi | nowadays mainly Renaissance, but some originally Gothic |
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| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Emilia-Romagna
| Bologna • Imola • Parma • Piacenza • Rimini |
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| ⬆ : Bologna • Imola • Parma • Piacenza • Rimini |
| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Liguria
| Place | Building | main period of construction | special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genoa | San Matteo | 12th–16th century | Cloister beside the church |
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| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Lombardy
| Cremona • Lodi • Mantua (Mantova) • Milan(o) • Monza • Pavia |
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| ⬆ : Cremona • Lodi • Mantua (Mantova) • Milan(o) • Monza • Pavia |
| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Marche
| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Amandola | Template:Ill | 1464 | Gothic belltower | |
| ↓ | Ancona | Template:Ill | 15th century | an ancient city hall | |
| ↓ | Template:Ill | 15th century | |||
| ↓ | Loggia dei Mercanti | 1442–1459 | Venecian Gothic, parts of the upper storeys of brick | ||
| ↑ | Cupra Marittima | Template:Ill | since 1227 | Romanesque with Gothic alterations | |
| ↓ | Fabriano | Template:Ill[205] | upper parts of the façade of brick | ||
| ↑ | Fermo | Template:Ill | bell tower | ||
| ↓ | San Domenico[206] | 1233–1491 | concathedral | no photo in WM Commons | |
| ↑ | Jesi | Template:Ill | 12th century and later | ||
| ↓ | Pesaro | Sant'Agostino | 1258–1413 | lateral wall Gothic an of washed bric | |
| ↑ | San Ginesio | Template:Ill | up to 1421 | decorations in Floral Gothic style | |
| ↓ | San Severino Marche | Template:Ill | |||
| ↑ | Church of San Lorenzo in Doliolo[207] | no photo in WM Commons | |||
| ↑ | Urbino | Template:Ill | western façade Gothic | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill |
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| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Piedmont
| Asti • Carmagnola • Mondovì • Torino • Vercelli |
| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Acqui Terme | Template:Ill | belltower Gothic | ||
| ↓ | Alba | Chiesa di San Domenico[208] | 13th/14th centuries | ||
| ↓ | Alessandria | Template:Ill | |||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Asti | Cathedral of St-Mary's Assumption | |||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 15th century | Romanesque & Gothic | ||
| ↓ | Template:Ill | 13th century | Romanesque & Gothic | ||
| ↑ | private palazzi:
|
||||
| ↓ | Palazzo Natta & Torre natta | 11th century and later | |||
| ↑ | other patrician towers:
|
||||
| ↑ | Bra | Palazzo Traversa[209] | 15th century | ||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Carmagnola | Template:Ill | |||
| ↑ | Castle Template:Ill | 13th century | |||
| ↓ | Template:Ill | 15th century | alterations in 18th century | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill[210] | 15th century | no photo in WM Commons | ||
| ↓ | Castelnuovo Scrivia | Castello Podestarile[211] | |||
| ↑ | Chivasso | Template:Ill | 1415–1429 | outside Gothic inside Baroque | |
| ↓ | Cuneo | Template:Ill | 15th century | predecessors since 13th century, nowadays municipal museum | |
| ↑ | Fossano | Template:Ill | 1314–1332 | about 1500 transfomed from a fortification int a residential palace | |
| ↓ | Gattinara | Template:Ill | 1470 | only western façade still Gothic | |
| ↑ | Moncalieri | Chiesa collegiata di S. Maria della Scala[212] | 1232–1330 | no photo in WM Commons | |
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Mondovì | Municipal Tower (Torre Civica del Belvedere) | 13th–14th century | ||
| ↑ | Palazzo del Governatore | ground flour arcades | |||
| ↓ | Template:Ill | ground flour arcades | |||
| ↑ | Casa Giolitti | ||||
| ↓ | Rossana | Santa Maria Assunta[213][214] | 14th century | no photo in WM Commons | |
| ↑ | Saluzzo | Template:Ill | |||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Torino | Template:Ill | 14th–15th centuries | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 14th–16th century | Gothic brick arches | ||
| ↓ | Template:Ill[215] | 14th & 16th century | |||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 14th crntury | |||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Vercelli | Basilica di Sant'Andrea | Romanesque windows, Gothic vaults, façade of stone | ||
| ↑ | Visconti Castle | ||||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | Campanile | |||
| ↑ | San Paolo Church[216] | ||||
| ↑ | patrician towers | ||||
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| ⬆ : Asti • Carmagnola • Mondovì • Torino • Vercelli |
| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Tuscany
| Montepulciano • Pisa • Prato • San Gimigniano • Siena |
| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Grosseto | Campanile of the Cathedral | 15th century | later alterations of the windows | |
| ↓ | Lucca | Casa Barletti-Baroni | 13th century | ||
| ↓ | Guinigi Tower and Palace | 14th century | |||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Montepulciano | Template:Ill | 13th–16th centuries | Franciscan abbey church | |
| ↓ | Palazzo Neri Orselli | 14th century | |||
| ↑ | "Pulcinella" clock tower | ||||
| ↓ | Piombino | Template:Ill | 1284–1289 | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 1284–1289 | upper storeys mainly of brick | ||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Pisa | Palazzo Agostini, Pisa | 15th century | ||
| ↑ | Palazzo Vecchio de' Medici | since 11th century | alterations to Renaissance, then in the 19th century re-(?)gothified | ||
| ↓ | Template:Ill | 15th century | |||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 12th & 14th century | |||
| ↓ | Pistoia | Template:Ill | 12th–13th century | prossibly originally plastered | |
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Prato | Sant'Agostino church | 1400–1440 | top section of the tower of pure brick, other walls of a Byzantine structure – layers of brick among layers of small boulders | |
| San Domenico, Prato | 1282–1323 | ||||
| ↓ | Piazzanese, Prato |
Template:Ill | 1360 | Campanile with windows of brick | |
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".San Gimignano | Palazzo Comunale | 1323 | ||
| ↓ | Sant'Agostino Church | 13th century | |||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | rebuilt in 1239, enlarged in 1337 | |||
| ↓ | various private palazzi |
(1)File:Palazzo della Cancelleria o dei Marsili - San Gimignano.jpg (2)File:Casa salvestrini e palazzo razzi, san Gimignano.jpg |
(3) | ||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Siena | Basilica of San Domenico | |||
| ↓ | Basilica of San Francesco | ||||
| ↑ | Palazzo Pubblico | ||||
| ↓ | Palazzo Sansedoni | 1330 | seat of Monte dei Pasci Foundation | ||
| ↑ | various private palazzi |
|
|||
| ↑ | Porta Tufi | 1325–1326 | |||
| ↑ | Santa Maria dei Servi, Siena |
Template:Ill | 13th – 16th century | ||
| ↑ | Volterra | Fortezza Medicea | 14th–15th century | arcades supporting the balustrades | |
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| ⬆ : Montepulciano • Pisa • Prato • San Gimigniano • Siena |
| Regions of Italy: ABR • EM-RO • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia
| Lendinara • Treviso • Venice (Venezia) • Verona |
| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Badia Polesine | Template:Ill[217] | 1430 | ||
| ↓ | Cividale del Friuli | Town hall (Palazzo Comunale)[218] | 1286 and 1545–1588 | ||
| ↓ | Isola della Scala | Template:Ill | 13th century | in some parts mixed with stones | |
| ↑ | Este | Castello Carrarese[219] | 1339 | ||
| ↓ | Rocca di Ponte di/della Torre[220] | 12th & 13th centuries | |||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Lendinara | Chiesa di Sant'Anna | 1433 | ||
| ↓ | Palazzo Pretorio and Torre Maistra | end of 14th century | |||
| ↑ | Torre dell'Orologio | originally a Gothic city gate, in 17th century converted into the presentday clock tower | |||
| ↓ | Castel Trivellin[221] | probably 1390 | only relics | ||
| ↑ | Montagnana | Template:Ill | 1431–1502 | with Renaissance additions | |
| ↓ | Town wall[222] | Well preserved circle, some parts of brick, others of stone | |||
| ↑ | Padua | Basilica of Saint Anthony | |||
| ↓ | Cappella degli Scrovegni | ||||
| ↑ | Pordenone | Template:Ill | |||
| ↓ | Town hall | ||||
| ↑ | Portogruaro | Template:Ill | |||
| ↓ | Udine | Cathedral | 13th–14th centuries | ||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Treviso (most famous brick: Romanesque Palazzo dei Trecento) |
Template:Ill | 1231–1270 | main nave Romanesque, choir & southern aisle Gothic | |
| ↓ | Template:Ill | Gothic since 1473 | after destruction by war 1511 mannerist reconstruction | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 1346 – early 15th century | partly visible brick, partly plastered; today housing a museum | ||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Venice | Ca' Foscari | main façade of stone | ||
| ↑ | Sant'Elena | ||||
| ↓ | Santi Giovanni | ||||
| ↑ | San Gregorio | ||||
| ↓ | Madonna dell'Orto | ||||
| ↑ | Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari | ||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Verona (proper republic since 1136, proper signoria since 1259, Venetian since 1405) |
Sant'Anastasia Church | |||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | ||||
| ↓ | Template:Ill | 13th century | though erected in "Gothic age", only few parts in Gothic design | ||
| ↑ | San Tomaso Becket[223] | 1351, 1484 | |||
| ↓ | Chiesa San Fermo Maggiore[224] | 10–11th, Gothic 14th century | |||
| ↑ | Santi Nazaro e Celso[225] | 14th century | |||
| ↓ | Sant'Eufemia, Church[226] | 1275–1450 | |||
| ↑ | San Bernardino Church[227] | 15th century | |||
| ↓ | Template:Ill[228] | 1283 | |||
| ↑ | Castelvecchio | 1354–1356 | |||
| ↑ | Castelvecchio Bridge | 1354–1356 | after destruction in WW II, now farly a replique | ||
| ↑ | Domus Mercatorum[229] | 1301 | |||
| ↑ | Vicenza | Palazzo Thiene | only western wing | ||
| ↑ | Villafranca di Verona | Template:Ill | 13th century | tower and some other parts |
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| ⬆ : Lendinara • Treviso • Venice (Venezia) • Verona |
| Italy: ABR • EM-RO • FRI • LIG • LOM • MAR • PIE • TUS • VEN |
| Regions of Italy: BELA • BEL • CZ • DK • ENG • EST • FIN • FRA • GER • HUNG • ITA • LAT • LIT • NL • POL • RUS • SK • SWE • SWI • UKR |
Latvia
| Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alūksne | with proviso: Alūksne Castle |
many part of boulders only, some walls mainly of brick, but probably originally not visible |
||
| Bauska | with proviso: Dobele Castle |
some walls mainly of brick, but probably originally not visible |
||
| Dobele | with proviso: Dobele Castle |
generally of boulders, one tower of brick, but perhaps not visible | ||
| Ludza | Ludza Castle | 1399 | wally of mixed material with brick surface; destroyed in 1654 |
|
| Riga | Cathedral | 13th century | ||
| St. Peter | 13th to 15th century | |||
| St James | 13th century | |||
| St. John | 15th century | formerly Dominican | ||
| House of the Blackheads | late 14th century onwards | Destroyed in World War II and rebuilt in 1995 | ||
| The oldest of the Three Brothers | late 15th century | |||
| Turaida | Castle | 14th century |
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Lithuania
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| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Vilnius | St. Anne's | 1495–1500 | exceptional use of Late Gothic Flamboyant style | |
| ↓ | Church of St. Francis and St. Bernard | 15th century and later repairs | one of the biggest Gothic ensembles (has Renaissance details) in Lithuania | ||
| ↓ | St. Nicholas | Late 14th century | oldest surviving Catholic church building in Lithuania | ||
| ↓ | Gediminas Tower and Upper Castle | Early 15th century, many later alterations | built by Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas | ||
| ↑ | Kaunas | Cathedral | since 1408 | basilica, the largest Gothic church in Lithuania | |
| ↓ | Castle | since mid-14th century | oldest brick castle in Lithuania | ||
| ↑ | St. Gertrude | 15th century? | one of the oldest Gothic churches in Lithuania | ||
| ↓ | Church of The Accession of The Holy Virgin | about 1400 | former Franciscan, Latin cross footplan | ||
| ↑ | House of Perkūnas | late 15th century | the other example of exceptional brick Flamboyant style | ||
| ↓ | Kėdainiai | Template:Ill | 1403 | various reconstractions | |
| ↑ | Medininkai | Castle | 13th century | The only surviving enclosure type castle and the largest in Lithuania | |
| ↑ | Trakai | Island Castle | 14th – early 15th century | built by Grand Dukes of Lithuania Kęstutis and Vytautas. | |
| ↑ | Peninsula Castle | Late 14th century and later repairs | built by Grand Duke of Lithuania Kęstutis | ||
| ↑ | Zapyškis | Template:Ill | between 1530 & 1578 | the only surviving rural Gothic church in Lithuania. |
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Netherlands
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Poland
See List of Gothic brick buildings in Poland Script error: No such module "anchor".
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Russia
Historical Russia
| Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Novgorod Kremlin | Chamber of Facets | 1433 | 1441 decorated with frescos (nowadays almost lost) |
Kaliningrad exclave
| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Kaliningrad | Königsberg Cathedral | 14th century | ||
| ↓ | Juditten Church in Mendeleyevo |
Late 13th century | |||
| ↓ | Druzhba | Allenburg Church | 15th century | ||
| ↑ | Guryevsk | Neuhausen church | |||
| ↓ | Gvardeyskoye | Template:Ill | 1st half of 14th century | restored | |
| ↑ | Template:Ill | Almenhausen church | ruins since 1945 | ||
| ↓ | Kumachyovo | Kumehnen Church | end 14th century | ||
| ↑ | Logvino | Medenau church | poor relics | ||
| ↓ | Neman | Teutonic Knight's castle of Ragnit | 1397–1409 | One of the strongest castles of the Teutonic Order. Built by Nikolaus von Fellenstein (see Malbork). Now ruined |
|
| ↑ | Template:Ill | Allenau church | |||
| ↓ | Pravdinsk | Friedland church | |||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | Arnau Church | Late 14th century | ||
| ↓ | Romanovo | Pobethen church | |||
| ↑ | Turgenevo | Groß Legitten church | |||
| ↓ | Ushakovo | Baldau church | |||
| ↑ | Vesyoloye | Teutonic Knight's castle of Balga | c. 1239 | Ruin since centuries | |
| ↑ | Vladimirovo | Tharau church | restored | ||
| ↑ | Zheleznodorozhny | Gerdauen church | |||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | Schaaken church |
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Slovakia
| Place | Building | Time of construction | Notes | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Červený Kláštor, on Dunajec river (Polish border) |
Red Monastery | 2nd half of 14th century | vault ribs and some cornices of visible brick |
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Sweden
Until 1658, Malmö, Lund and Helsingborg were Danish.
| Lund • Malmö • Stockholm • Uppsala • Ystad |
| ↕ | Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ | Balingsta Parish, southwest of Uppsala | Vik Castle | Circa 1450, 17th and 19th century alterations | ||
| ↓ | Danmark Parish, southeast of Uppsala | Danmark Church | 14th and 15th century | ||
| ↓ | Helsingborg | St. Mary (Template:Ill) |
|||
| ↓ | Kärnan | 1320 | in 1893/94 restored with some alterations | ||
| ↑ | Lena Parish, north of Uppsala | Lena Church | Circa 1300, possibly consecrated in 1303 | 18th century alterations including plastering of the exterior walls and addition of a burial vault | |
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Lund | St. Peter's Priory Church (S:t Peters klosterkyrka) |
Circa 1300 | ||
| ↑ | Liberiet | 15th century | built as cathedral chapter's library | ||
| Template:Ill | 14th century | ||||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Malmö | St. Peter (Sankt Petri kyrka) |
|||
| ↓ | Archbishops's court | 15th-century | outside altered and nowadays plastered | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 1522-1524 | Largest private house in Malmö from the sixteenth century | ||
| ↑ | Template:Ill | 1529 | |||
| ↓ | Ronneby | Template:Ill (Heliga Kors kyrka) | |||
| ↑ | Sigtuna | St. Mary (Mariakyrkan) |
Mid 13th century | ||
| ↓ | Skänninge | Vårfrukyrkan ("Church of Our Lady") |
|||
| ↑ | Skepptuna Parish, Stockholm County | Skepptuna Church | 13th to 15th centuries | ||
| ↓ | Skokloster north of Sigtuna | Skokloster Church (Sko klosters kyrka) |
13th century | Near Skokloster Castle, originally a convent church | |
| ↑ | Söderköping | St. Lawrence's Church (S:t Laurentii kyrka) |
|||
| ↓ | Sölvesborg | St. Nicholas' Church (S:t Nicolai kyrka) |
13th century | ||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Stockholm | Riddarholmen Church (Riddarholmskyrkan) |
Late 13th century, major 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th century alterations | Burial church for many of the Swedish monarchs | |
| ↓ | Storkyrkan (St. Nicholas) | 13th-15th centuries | in 1736–1742 outside altered into Baroque to make it more similar to the Royal Palace; brick gothic interior preserved | ||
| ↑ | Strängnäs | Strängnäs Cathedral | 1296 onwards | ||
| ↓ | Tensta Parish, north of Uppsala | Tensta Church | 13th century | Houses the earliest deliberate portrait (a fresco by Johannes Rosenrod) in Swedish art history | |
| ↑ | Tuna Parish, northeast of Uppsala | Tuna Church, Uppland | about 1300 | ||
| ↓ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Uppsala | Uppsala Cathedral | 1287–1435, major 18th and 19th century alterations | External appearance largely 19th century | |
| ↑ | Template:Ill | Late 13th to 15th century | |||
| ↓ | Vadstena | Vadstena Abbey | mid 13th century, 14th century alterations | former royal palace, later a hospital, when handed over to the abbey in 1346 the building was "humbled" and the roof was lowered. | |
| ↑ | Template:Ill | Late Middle Ages, 18th century alterations | The roof was lowered and the crow-stepped gables removed in the 18th century. | ||
| ↓ | Västerås | Västerås Cathedral | 13th century, 14th and 15th century extensions and later alterations | Burial place of Eric XIV of Sweden | |
| ↑ | Växjö | Växjö Cathedral | 13th century, later alterations | ||
| ↑ | Vendel Parish, north of Uppsala | Template:Ill | Late 13th and early 14th century, possibly consecrated in 1310 | ||
| ↑ | Script error: No such module "anchor".Ystad | St. Mary's Church (Sankta Maria kyrka) |
13th to 15th century | ||
| ↑ | Franciscan Monastery Church (St. Peter) (S:t Petri kyrka) |
Late 13th to 15th century | |||
| ↑ | Latin School (Latinskolan) | early 16th century |
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Switzerland
Though brick generally is not typical for medieval Swiss architecture, there are also some Gothic brick buildings in Switzerland, and some more have disappeared.
| Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estavayer-le-Lac | Chenaux Castle | 15th century | Two towers and parts of the gate tower | File:Château d'Estavayer 1.jpg |
| Vufflens-le-Château, Vaud | Vufflens Castle | 15th century | File:Chateau de vufflens.jpg |
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Ukraine
Except of Lutsk Castle, all buildings are not very far from the current Polish border, though Gothic buildings also can be found in Lviv and Stryi, some of them looking like plastered brick buildings.
| Place | Building | Main period of construction | Special features | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Ill (Sambir Raion) | Template:Ill Script error: No such module "Coordinates". | 1463–1512 | ||
| Drohobych | Template:Ill | 15th–16th centuries | former Roman Catholic palace church | |
| Lutsk | Lubart's Castle (Ukrainian: Луцький замок, Polish: Zamek w Łucku) | 14th and 15th century | the only Brick Gothic building in the Dniester basin, Lithuanian foundation |
|
| Skelivka | St-Martin Church | 15th to early 16th century | Roman Catholic former palace church of Fulsztyn Castle | |
| Template:Ill | Zymne Monastery (Ukrainian: Зимненський монастир, Polish: Monaster Zaśnięcia Matki Bożej w Zimnem) | after 1495 | Orthodox foundation |
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See also
Bibliography
- Angela Pfotenhauer, Florian Monheim, Carola Nathan: Backsteingotik. Monumente-Edition. Monumente-Publikation der Deutschen Stiftung Denkmalschutz, Bonn 2000, Template:ISBN
- Marianne Mehling (ed.): Knaurs Kulturführer in Farbe Estland, Lettland, Litauen. München 1993. Template:ISBN
- Marianne Mehling (ed.): Knaurs Kulturführer in Farbe: Finnland. München 1988. Template:ISBN
References
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- ↑ Official Flemish portal on architectural heritage – on churches in Poperinge, "Baksteengotiek van de kuststreek" (Brick Gothic of the coastal region) in Flanders
- ↑ Official Dutch portal on architectural heritage – on a village church, "markant stuk baksteengotiek" (striking example of Brick Gothic) in the Netherlands
- ↑ Book on a Bavarian brick church "eines der bedeutendsten Werke der Backsteingotik in Bayern" (one of the most important works of Brick Gothic in Bavaria)
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ IBE 29457
- ↑ IBE 82360
- ↑ IBE 82359
- ↑ IBE 29716
- ↑ IBE 78719
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ IBE 78680
- ↑ IBE 94380 Template:Webarchive
- ↑ IBE 16323
- ↑ IBE 71984
- ↑ IBE 31244
- ↑ IBE 31213
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ IBE 30986
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ IBE 23609
- ↑ IBE 23375
- ↑ IBE 23328
- ↑ IBE 83685
- ↑ IBE 16812
- ↑ IBE 16814
- ↑ IBE 16698
- ↑ IBE 30539
- ↑ IBE 58088
- ↑ IBE 237
- ↑ IBE 76102
- ↑ IBE 48293
- ↑ IBE 20298
- ↑ IBE 50564
- ↑ IBE 34245
- ↑ IBE 8682
- ↑ IBE 8731
- ↑ IBE 15459
- ↑ IBE 34347
- ↑ IBE 59063
- ↑ IBE 4172
- ↑ IBE 4678
- ↑ IBE 51953
- ↑ IBE 11284
- ↑ IBE 47015
- ↑ IBE 47225
- ↑ IBE 46578
- ↑ IBE 46688
- ↑ IBE 46731
- ↑ IBE 47309
- ↑ IBE 3467
- ↑ IBE 3866
- ↑ IBE 112156
- ↑ IBE 3626
- ↑ IBE 3668
- ↑ IBE 86025
- ↑ IBE 72451
- ↑ IBE 80768
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ IBE 38985
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- ↑ Den Store danske – Hjardemål Kirke
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- ↑ Den store Danske – Skødstrup Kirke
- ↑ Danske Aner – Skødstrup sogn
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ 'Danske Aner Holbæk Sogn → Kirken
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- ↑ https://www.thorsøhøjepastorat.dk/kirkerne/voldby-kirke/Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
- ↑ Trap3/5 p. 163
- ↑ Trap3/5 p.160
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ Trap3/5 p. 156
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Den Store Danske – Randers → Sankt Mortens Kirke
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Den Store Danske – Albæk Kirke – Randers
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- ↑ Visit Randers – Råby Kirke (in Danish)
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→Nordby Kirke)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NM-DK (→PDF)
- ↑ NatMus (→PDF)
- ↑ NatMus (→PDF)
- ↑ Den Store Danske – Bregnet Kirke
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Trap3-4 p.989
- ↑ Trap3-4 p. 939
- ↑ Trap3-4, s. 643/644
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- ↑ Trap3-2, s. 446/447
- ↑ Trap3-4, p. 969
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- ↑ Trap3-4, p. 1009–1011
- ↑ Trap3-4 p. 986/987
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- ↑ natmus→XIX, 4, 2229
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- ↑ Information by phoneTemplate:Webarchive → +33 32 862 8857
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ L'antica Rocca di Cento Template:Webarchive Comune di Cento, L'antica Rocca di Cento
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:CbignoreTemplate:Dead YouTube link
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Chiesa di San Giovanni in Canale
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ La Rucola, San Lorenzo in Doliolo
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
Script error: No such module "Navbox".