Liberal International
Template:Short description Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists Liberal International (LI) is a worldwide organisation of liberal political parties. The political international was formed in November 1946, and constituted with the Oxford Manifesto in April 1947. It has become the pre-eminent network for liberal and progressive democratic parties aiming to strengthen liberalism and democratic values around the world. Its headquarters are within the National Liberal Club, in London. The Oxford Manifesto describes the basic political principles of the Liberal International, which is currently made up of 111 parties and organisations.
Aims
The Liberal International Constitution (2005) gives its purposes as: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />
to win general acceptance of Liberal principles which are international in their nature throughout the world, and to foster the growth of a free society based on personal liberty, personal responsibility and social justice, and to provide the means of co-operation and interchange of information between the member organisations, and between men and women of all countries who accept these principles.
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The principles that unite member parties from Africa, America, Asia and Europe are respect for human rights, free and fair elections and multi-party democracy, social justice, tolerance, market economy, free trade, environmental sustainability and a strong sense of international solidarity.
The aims of Liberal International are also set out in a series of seven manifestos, written between 1946 and 1997, and are furthered by a variety of bodies including a near-yearly conference for liberal parties and individuals from around the world.[1]
Bureau
The bureau of Liberal International is elected every 18 months by the delegates of the congress.[2]
Former Presidents include Hans Van Baalen MEP, John, Lord Alderdice, Dutch politician and former European Commissioner Frits Bolkestein, German politician Otto Graf Lambsdorff, and Spain's first democratically elected prime minister after Francoist Spain, Adolfo Suárez. The 14th president of Liberal International was Hakima el Haite of the Mouvement Populaire (Morocco), who is a former Minister of Environment, UN climate champion, and climate scientist. Madam El Haite succeeded Dr Juli Minoves, formerly Andorra's foreign minister and representative to the United Nations.
The secretary-general of Liberal International is William Townsend. Other members of the bureau include Deputy President Prof. Karl-Heinz Paque; and Vice Presidents Cellou Dalein Diallo (Guinea), Kitty Monterrey (Nicaragua), Abir al-Sahlani (Sweden), Kiat Sittheamorn (Thailand) and Robert Woodthorpe Browne (United Kingdom). There are two elected treasurers, Judith Pallares MP (Andorra) and Minister Omar Youm (Senegal).
Awards
Liberal International awards prizes to individuals in the areas of human rights and liberalism.
Prize for Freedom:
The Liberal International Prize for Freedom is LI's most prestigious human rights award. Conveyed annually since 1984 to an individual of liberal conviction who has made outstanding efforts for the defence of freedom and human rights, recipients include Maria Corina Machado of Venezuela, Senator Leila de Lima of the Philippines, Raif Badawi of Saudi Arabia, Waris Dirie of Somalia and Václav Havel of Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic.
Medal of Liberalism:
The Liberal International Medal of Liberalism is awarded to individuals who have worked to advance liberal values on a local, national and international level. Recipients include President Alassane Ouattara of Ivory Coast, Prime Minister Xavier Bettel of Luxembourg, President Tsai Ing-wen of Taiwan and Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe leader Sir Graham Watson of the United Kingdom.
Publications
The LI Human Rights Bulletin is published three times per year and consists of opinion articles, video interviews and digest of the work of the LI human rights committee.
Thematic publications are published online and in print on an ad hoc basis. Recent texts have offered a liberal perspective on issues ranging from freedom of belief to the responsibility to protect.
History
Before establishment
Because inter-war International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties ceased to operate in the beginning of the World War II, on 16 June 1946 representatives of the Liberal Party of Belgium, British Liberal Party, French Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party, Danish Social Liberal Party, Freedom Party of the Netherlands, Free Democratic Party of Switzerland, People's Party of Sweden, Italian Liberal Party and the representatives of Spanish Liberals in exile assembled in Brussels and adopted the Declaration of Brussels, which called for creation of world liberal organisation.
Oxford Manifesto
The Oxford Manifesto, drawn up in April 1947 at Wadham College in Oxford by representatives from 19 liberal political parties from South Africa, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Spain, Estonia, United Kingdom, United States, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia and Turkey is a document describing the basic political principles of the Liberal International. Creation of its main principles were led by Salvador de Madariaga.[3]
The Oxford Manifesto was inspired by the ideas of William BeveridgeScript error: No such module "Unsubst". and is regarded as one of the defining political documents of the 20th century.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Fifty years on, in 1997, Liberal International returned to Oxford and issued a supplement to the original manifesto, The Liberal Agenda for the 21st century, describing Liberal policies in greater detail. The second Oxford Manifesto was adopted by the 48th Congress of Liberal International, which was held on 27–30 November 1997 in the Oxford Town Hall.[4] In 2017, the global federation marked its 70th anniversary with the adoption of the Andorra Liberal Manifesto for the twenty-first century (ALM). A three-year project across numerous continents initiated by then president Juli Minoves, the ALM embodied the widest consultation of views undertaken by Liberal International in order to compile a policy document.[5]
Organisation
Presidents
| N° | Portrait | Name (BirthTemplate:NdashDeath)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Country | Presidency | Membership | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Salvador de Madariaga.JPG | Salvador de Madariaga (1886Template:Ndash1978)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
United Kingdom Spain (exiled)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
20 April 1948 | 18 April 1952 | AssociationScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Mont Pelerin Society |
| 2 | Roger Motz (1904Template:Ndash1964)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Belgium | 18 April 1952 | 20 April 1958 | Liberal Party | |
| 3 | File:Giovanni Malagodi.jpg | Giovanni Malagodi (1904Template:Ndash1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Italy | 20 April 1958 | 15 April 1966 | Italian Liberal Party |
| 4 | File:Toxopeus, E.H. - SFA008007403.jpg | Edzo Toxopeus (1918Template:Ndash2009)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Netherlands | 15 April 1966 | 25 April 1970 | People's Party for Freedom and Democracy |
| 5 | File:Gaston Thorn (1984).jpg | Gaston Thorn (1928Template:Ndash2007)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Luxembourg | 25 April 1970 | 18 April 1982 | Democratic Party |
| (3)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | File:Giovanni Malagodi.jpg | Giovanni Malagodi (1904Template:Ndash1991)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Italy | 18 April 1982 | 26 April 1989 | Italian Liberal Party |
| 6 | File:Adolfo Suárez 1979 (cropped).jpg | Adolfo Suárez (1932Template:Ndash2014)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Spain | 26 April 1989 | 22 April 1992 | Democratic and Social Centre |
| 7 | File:Otto Graf Lambsdorff (1990).jpg | Otto Graf Lambsdorff (1926Template:Ndash2009)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Germany | 22 April 1992 | 25 April 1994 | Free Democratic Party |
| 8 | File:DavidSteel1987 cropped.jpg | David Steel (1938Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
United Kingdom | 25 April 1994 | 15 April 1996 | Liberal Democrats |
| 9 | File:Frits Bolkestein 1999.jpg | Frits Bolkestein (1933Template:Ndash2025)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Netherlands | 15 April 1996 | 18 April 2000 | People's Party for Freedom and Democracy |
| 10 | File:Annemie Neyts bij het VVD seminar democratisering (5212184305) cropped.jpg | Annemie Neyts-Uyttebroeck (1944Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Belgium | 18 April 2000 | 25 April 2005 | Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten |
| 11 | File:Lord Alderdice.jpg | John Alderdice (1955Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
United Kingdom | 25 April 2005 | 20 April 2009 | Liberal Democrats and Alliance Party of Northern Ireland |
| 12 | File:Johannes Cornelis van Baalen MEP 1 - Diliff.jpg | Hans van Baalen (1960Template:Ndash2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Netherlands | 20 April 2009 | 26 April 2014 | People's Party for Freedom and Democracy |
| 13 | File:HA33.jpg | Juli Minoves (1969Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Andorra | 26 April 2014 | 30 November 2018 | Liberal Party of Andorra |
| 14 | File:Hakima El Haite (cropped).jpg | Hakima El Haite (1963Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Morocco | 30 November 2018 | 2 December 2024 | Popular Movement |
| 15 | File:Karl-Heinz Paqué, 2016 (cropped).jpg | Karl-Heinz Paqué (1956Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Germany | 2 December 2024 | Incumbent | Free Democratic Party |
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Members
Incumbent heads of state and government
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Full members
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Observer parties
Individual member
| Country | Name | Government |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Hong Kong.svg Hong Kong | Mr Martin Lee – founding chairman of Democratic Party | Extra-parliamentary |
Cooperating organisations
Cooperating and regional organisations are groups with a recognised status in the constitution of Liberal International as bodies that share the values and objectives of LI but do not operate as a political party. Co-operating organisations have the right of representation but in no case the right to vote at statutory events. LI has 12 cooperating organisations.
Liberal think tanks and foundations
The International is also in a loose association with the following 10 organisations:
| Organisation | Country |
|---|---|
| Centre Jean Gol | Belgium |
| Fondazione Luigi Einaudi | Italy |
| Fondazione Critica Liberale | |
| Liberal Institute | Germany |
| Teldersstichting | Netherlands |
| The Bertil Ohlin Institute | Sweden |
| Education Policy Institute | United Kingdom |
| European Liberal Forum | Europe |
| Livres (movement)[14] | Brazil |
| Paddy Ashdown Forum[15] | United Kingdom |
See also
References
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External links
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- Pages with script errors
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- Liberal International
- International conferences
- International liberal organizations
- Liberal organisations in the United Kingdom
- Political internationals
- Political organisations based in London
- Organisations associated with the Liberal Democrats (UK)
- Organizations established in 1947
- 1947 establishments in England