Leontodon
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Leontodon is a genus of plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae, commonly known as hawkbits.
Their English name derives from the mediaeval belief that hawks ate the plant to improve their eyesight. Although originally only native to Eurasia and North Africa, some species have since become established in other countries, including the United States[1] and New Zealand.[2]
Recent research has shown that the genus Leontodon in the traditional delimitation is polyphyletic. Therefore, the former Leontodon subgenus Oporinia was raised to generic level.[3] According to the nomenclatural rules the name Scorzoneroides has priority at generic level and therefore, the members of Leontodon subgenus Oporinia were transferred to the re-erected genus Scorzoneroides.[4]
Ecology
Seeds of Leontodon species are an important food source for certain bird species.[5]
Uses
In Crete, the roots of the species Leontodon tuberosus are eaten raw and its leaves are eaten steamed.[6]
Secondary metabolites
The genus Leontodon s.str. (i.e. excluding the members of the resurrected genus Scorzoneroides) is a rich source of hypocretenolides, unique guaiane type sesquiterpene lactones with a 12,5-lactone ring instead of the usual 12,6 lactone ring.[7]
Phenolics found in Leontodon species include luteolin type flavonoids and caffeoyl quinic acid derivatives such as chlorogenic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Moreover, Leontodon species contain the caffeoyl tartaric acid derivatives caffeoyl tartaric acid and cichoric acid.[8][9]
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus Leontodon:[10]
<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>
- Leontodon albanicus (F.K.Mey.) F.ContiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon anomalus BallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon apulus (Fiori) BrulloScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon asperrimus (Willd.) Endl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon balansae Boiss.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon berinii (Bartl.) RothScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon biscutellifolius DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon boryi Boiss. ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon bourgaeanus Willk.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon caroliaedoi Talavera & M.TalaveraScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon × carreiroi (Gand.) M.Moura & L.SilvaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon caucasicus (M.Bieb.) Fisch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon crispus Vill.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon djurdjurae Coss. & Durieu ex Batt. & Trab.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon dubius (Hoppe) Poir.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon eriopodus Emb. & MaireScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon farinosus Merino & PauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon filii (Hochst. ex Seub.) Paiva & OrmondeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon × friasi M.Moura & SilvaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon graecus Boiss. & Heldr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon × grassiorum ZidornScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon hellenicus PhitosScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon hirtus L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon hispidus L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon hochstetteri M.Moura & SilvaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon hyoseroides Welw. ex Rchb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon incanus (L.) SchrankScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon intermedius Huter, Porta & RigoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon kotschyi Boiss.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon kulczynskii PopovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon libanoticus Boiss.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon longirostris (Finch & P.D.Sell) TalaveraScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon maroccanus (Pers.) BallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon oxylepis Boiss. & Heldr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon pinetorum PauScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon pitardii MaireScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon rigens (Aiton) Paiva & OrmondeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon rosanoi (Ten.) DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon saxatilis Lam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon siculus (Guss.) NymanScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon stenocalathius Rech.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon tenuiflorus (Gaudin) Rchb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon tingitanus (Boiss. & Reut.) BallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon tuberosus L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Leontodon × vegetus Finch & P.D.SellScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Further reading
<templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" />
- Euro+Med Plantbase
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".