Leizhou Min
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Leizhou or Luichew Min (Template:Zh, Template:IPAc-cmn) is a branch of Min Chinese spoken in Leizhou city, Xuwen County, Mazhang District, most parts of Suixi County and also spoken inside of the linguistically diverse Xiashan District. In the classification of Yuan Jiahua, it was included in the Southern Min group, though it has low intelligibility with other Southern Min varieties. In the classification of Li Rong, used by the Language Atlas of China, it was treated as a separate Min subgroup.[2] Hou Jingyi combined it with Hainanese in a Qiong–Lei group.[3]
Phonology
Leizhou Min has 17 initials, 47 rimes and 8 tones.
Initials
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | Template:IPA link 魔 |
Template:IPA link 娜 |
Template:IPA link 俄 |
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| Plosive | voicedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPA link 磨 |
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| voicelessScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | unaspiratedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPA link 波 |
Template:IPA link 刀 |
Template:IPA link 哥 |
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| aspiratedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPA link 坡 |
Template:IPA link 駝 |
Template:IPA link 戈 |
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| Fricative | voicedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPA link 尿 |
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| voicelessScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPA link 所 |
Template:IPA link 何 | ||||
| Affricate | voicelessScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | unaspiratedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPA link 槽 |
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| aspiratedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:IPA link 切 |
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| Lateral approximant | Template:IPA link 羅 |
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| zero consonant | zero consonant 窩 | |||||
The phoneme given here as Script error: No such module "IPA". is described by Li and Thompson instead as Script error: No such module "IPA"..[4]
Rimes
| Template:IPA link 濟 | Template:IPA link 敷 | |
| Template:IPA link 爸 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 兵 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 瓜 |
| Template:IPA link 馬 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 爺 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 妹 |
| Template:IPA link 波 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 漿 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 派 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 蒯 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 包 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 彪 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 嘔 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 休 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 矮 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 拉 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 唔 | ||
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 耽 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 添 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 冚 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 音 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 嗯 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 興 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 尊 |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 班 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 江 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 完 |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 冰 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 填 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 磅 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 永 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 合 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 臘 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 鑷 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 立 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 集 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 郁 | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 達 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 燭 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 括 |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 德 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 即 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 國 |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". 鐸 | Script error: No such module "IPA". 略 |
Tones
Leizhou has six tones, which are reduced to two in checked syllables.
| Tone number | Tone name | Tone contour | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yin ping (陰平) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (24) | rising |
| 2 | yin shang (陰上) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (42) | falling (high falling) |
| 3 | yin qu (陰去) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (21) | bottom (low falling) |
| 4 | yin ru (陰入) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (5) | high checked |
| 5 | yang ping (陽平) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (2) | low |
| 6 | yang shang (陽上) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (3) | mid |
| 7 | yang qu (陽去) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (5) | high |
| 8 | yang ru (陽入) | Script error: No such module "IPA". (1) | low checked |
See also
Notes
References
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- ↑ 湛江市志·第三十六篇 方言·第三章 雷州话
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- Běijīng dàxué zhōngguóyǔyánwénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzìgǎigé chūbǎnshè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
- Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP Template:ISBN
- Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)
- Zhū, yuèmíng. (2005) "Léizhōuhuà yú Pǔtōnghuà bǐjiàoyīnxì yánjiū" (Comparative phonological studies on the Leizhou dialect and Putonghua) Yúnnán shīfàndàxué xuébào (zhéxué shèhuìkēxué bǎn) (Yunnan Normal University Journal (philosophy and social sciences)): vol.37 no. 5 p. 133-136. (朱月明. 2005. "雷州話與普通話音系比較研究" 《雲南師範大學學報 (哲學社會科學版)》: 第 37 卷 第 5 期 頁133-136)
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Further reading
- Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
External links
Template:Sino-Tibetan languages Template:Min Chinese Script error: No such module "Navbox".