Landing platform helicopter

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File:Navio-Aeródromo Multipropósito Atlântico (NAM "Atlântico") (44210493302).jpg
NAM Atlântico

Landing platform helicopter (LPH) is a term used by some navies to denote a type of amphibious warfare ship designed primarily to operate as a launch and recovery platform for helicopters and other VTOL aircraft. As such, they are considered a type of helicopter carrier.

Under the NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) document for reporting vessels, LPH is a short form designator used for "Amphibious Assault Ship, Helicopter" defined as a "large helicopter carrier" for carrying and deploying around 1,800 assault troops using its own aircraft, but for which use of landing craft is "not a principal function". For ships of this hull classification in the Royal Navy, LPH is a direct acronym for "Landing Platform Helicopter", while the United States Navy referred to its vessels within this classification as "Landing ship, Personnel, Helicopter",[1] and after 2006 as "amphibious assault ships". The etymology is L for amphibious, P for transport, and H for helicopter. Regardless of the terminology, all vessels classified as an LPH possess essentially similar capabilities.

The Royal Navy also used the term "Commando Carrier", which it applied to aircraft carriers converted to helicopter only operations. Prior to selling the vessel to the Brazilian Navy in 2018, the RN operated Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". as an LPH. Following the British government's decision to withdraw its Harrier aircraft at the end of 2010, the former light fleet carrier Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". also performed this role until decommissioning in 2014.

The LPH classification was used by the U.S. Navy for the amphibious assault ships of the Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., a converted Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". and three converted Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".s. No ships of this classification are currently in active service with the U.S. Navy, having been replaced with multi-purpose ships classified under NATO naming conventions as landing helicopter dock or landing helicopter assault ships.

Ships classified as LPH

File:ROKS Dokdo (LPH 6111) - Invincible Spirit.jpg
ROKS Dokdo, a currently South Korean LPH.
File:USS Okinawa (LPH-3) in the Persian Gulf in 1987.JPEG
Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., a former U.S. LPH. Since final vessel was decommissioned in 2002, the U.S. no longer uses LPH ships.

Brazilian Navy

  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (ex Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".)

Republic of Korea Navy

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    • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
    • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Royal Navy

Royal Navy "Commando Carriers" and "Amphibious Helicopter Carriers"

  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – 1956 only, emergency minimal conversion for Suez Crisis Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". - Broken up
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – 1956 only, emergency minimal conversion for Suez Crisis Colossus class. Placed into reserve until broken up in 1962
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – 1962–1972, converted Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". - Converted to a Commando carrier in 1961/62. Decommissioned 1972 and scrapped.
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – 1960–1980, converted Centaur class. Converted to an anti-submarine warfare carrier 1979. Kept in service until HMS Invincible entered service. Due to accumulated damage she was not fit for emergency use in the Falklands War and was later broken up.
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – 1973–1976, Centaur-class aircraft carrier converted for amphibious operations, then in 1976 as a helicopter anti-submarine warfare carrier and later still as a BAe Sea Harrier-equipped VSTOL light carrier. During the Falklands operated helicopters for both anti-submarine and troop movements Sold to the Indian Navy, as the INS Viraat.
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".[2] – 1998–2018 designed and built as a commando carrier based on the Invincible-class STOVL carrier hull. Decommissioned in March 2018 sold to Brazil, who renamed it Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"..[3][4]
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". - 2011–2014, Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". equipped and re-purposed as a commando carrier while HMS Ocean was in refit.[5] Decommissioned in 2014 and scrapped in Turkey.

United States Navy

  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Conversion to LPH cancelled[6] -Scrapped
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – First ship to be designed and built from the keel up as an amphibious assault ship - Scrapped
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Iwo Jima class - Sunk in SINKEX
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – converted straight deck Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". - Scrapped
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – converted straight deck Essex-class aircraft carrier - Scrapped
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – converted Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". - Scrapped
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Iwo Jima-class - Sunk in SINKEX
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – converted straight deck Essex-class aircraft carrier - Scrapped
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Iwo Jima class - Sunk in SINKEX
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Iwo Jima class – Scrapped
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Iwo Jima class - Sunk in SINKEX off of the coast of Oahu, Hawaii.
  • Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". – Iwo Jima class - Stricken from the list and sunk east of Virginia Beach, Virginia on 5 December 2004.

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ In 2010, the entire fleet of Harrier aircraft was grounded and subsequently sold in 2011 to the USMC for replacement parts. Thereafter, Illustrious only carried helicopters as no carrier-capable combat aircraft remained in the UK inventory.
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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