Lakenvelder cattle
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The Script error: No such module "Lang". is a Dutch and German breed of dairy cattle. It is reported from the Netherlands and Belgium, but may be extinct in Germany.[1]Template:R/superscript[2]Template:R/superscript[3]Template:R/superscript
History
No written evidence supports an often-repeated claim that the Lakenvelder derives from cattle of the Script error: No such module "Lang". or belted Braunvieh of Switzerland, brought to the Netherlands in or after Mediaeval times by the nobility or the wealthy.[4]Template:R/superscript It is however supported by molecular genetic studies, which have shown that the Gurtenvieh, the Lakenvelder and the Belted Galloway all carry the same candidate gene for the belted phenotype.[5]Template:R/superscript[6]Template:R/superscript Cattle with this characteristic are shown in Dutch paintings from the seventeenth century.[6]Template:R/superscript It seems likely that the Lakenvelder derives directly from Swiss and Austrian belted cattle, and that during the reign of William of Orange some cattle of this type found their way to Scotland, where they inter-bred with Galloway stock, giving rise to the Belted Galloway.[6]Template:R/superscript
A herd-book for the Lakenvelder was started in 1918; at that time there were about fifteen farms breeding the cattle, with some 200 head between them.[5]Template:R/superscript In 1930 regulations were introduced to control milk production and to make testing for tuberculosis obligatory; by the end of the Second World War only five herds remained.[7]Template:R/superscript
Characteristics
The Lakenvelder is finely built and of small to medium size, with a withers height in the range Script error: No such module "val". for cows and averaging Script error: No such module "val".[5]Template:R/superscript or Script error: No such module "val". for bulls.[8]Template:R/superscript Body weights are variously reported as Script error: No such module "val".[5]Template:R/superscript or Script error: No such module "val". for bulls,[8]Template:R/superscript and Script error: No such module "val".[5]Template:R/superscript or Script error: No such module "val". for cows.[8]Template:R/superscript
The coat may be either black or dusky red, always with a broad belt of white encircling the body behind the shoulder and in front of the hip; black and red animals are in approximately equal numbers.[5]Template:R/superscript There are no other white markings on the head or body;[9]Template:R/superscript the horns, tongue and udder are pigmented.[10]Template:R/superscript Both sexes normally carry horns, but polled animals can occur.[1]Template:R/superscript
Use
It is a dual-purpose breed, with both dairy and beef strains. Beef yields are not high, but the meat is of good quality and has achieved good results in comparative taste tests.[9]Template:R/superscript[10]Template:R/superscript The milk is high in protein and low in fat; milk yields are of the order of Script error: No such module "val". per year.[8]Template:R/superscript
References
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- ↑ a b Breed data sheet: Lakenvelder / Netherlands (Cattle). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed August 2022.
- ↑ Breed data sheet: Lakenvelder / Belgium (Cattle). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed August 2022.
- ↑ Breed data sheet: Lakenvelder Rind / Germany (Cattle). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed August 2022.
- ↑ Raymond Brown Becker (1973). Dairy Cattle Breeds; Origin and Development. Gainesville: University of Florida Press. Template:Isbn.
- ↑ a b c d e f Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. Template:ISBN.
- ↑ a b c C. Drögemüller, S. Demmel, M. Engensteiner, S. Rieder, T. Leeb (2009). A shared 336 kb haplotype associated with the belt pattern in three divergent cattle breeds. Animal Genetics. 41 (3): 304–307. Script error: No such module "CS1 identifiers"..
- ↑ Janet Vorwald Dohner (2001). The Encyclopedia of Historic and Endangered Livestock and Poultry Breeds. New Haven, Connecticut; London: Yale University Press. Template:Isbn.
- ↑ a b c d Marleen Felius (1995). Cattle Breeds: An Encyclopedia. Doetinchem, Netherlands: Misset. Template:ISBN.
- ↑ a b Lakenvelder (in Dutch). Wageningen: Stichting Zeldzame Huisdierrassen. Archived 24 April 2024.
- ↑ a b Lakenvelder {Presidium} (in Dutch). Arnhem: Slow Food Nederland, Archived 18 June 2024.
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