LPD-824
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N-Pyrrolidyllysergamide (LPD-824), also known as lysergic acid pyrrolidide (LA-Pyr), is a psychedelic drug of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).[1][2][3][4] It is the analogue of LSD in which the N,N-diethylamide moiety has been cyclized into an N,N-pyrrolidide ring.[1][2]
Use and effects
The drug has been reported to have mild and relatively short-lasting LSD-like effects in humans at an oral dose of 800Template:Nbspμg equivalent to one-tenth this amount of LSD (i.e., 80Template:Nbspμg).[1][5][6] Based on different clinical studies, it is estimated to be 5 to 10% as potent as LSD in humans.[5][7] Its duration was shorter than that of LSD, lasting around 5Template:Nbsphours as opposed to 7Template:Nbsphours in the case of LSD.[6] The drug produced nausea at small doses in humans, which was dose-limiting in terms of evaluating its effects.[8]
Pharmacology
LPD-824 is known to be a serotonin receptor modulator, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, where it acted as a partial agonist with about 17-fold lower potency than LSD but an efficacy slightly higher than that of LSD in terms of phosphatidylinositol (PI) hydrolysis.[2][9][3][4] It also showed affinities for the serotonin 5-HT2C and 5-HT1A receptors similar to those of LSD.[2][9][3]
It had about 5 to 10% of the potency of LSD in preclinical studies with animals, for instance in terms of serotonin antagonism in the rat uterus and hyperthermia in rabbits.[5][7][10] It is described as a very strong hypotensive agent in animals.[8] In subsequent rodent drug discrimination tests, LPD-824 fully substituted for LSD, albeit with only about 16 to 25% of the potency.[11][12]
History
LPD-824 was first described in the scientific literature by Albert Hofmann and colleagues by 1955.[13][14][15][16]
See also
- Substituted lysergamide
- Lysergic acid pyrrolinide (LPN)
- Lysergic acid morpholide (LSM-775)
- Lysergic acid piperidide (LSD-Pip)
- Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (LA-SS-Az, LSZ)
References
External links
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