Klosters

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Template:Infobox Swiss town

Klosters is a Swiss village in the Prättigau, politically part of the municipality of Klosters-Serneus, which belongs to the political district Prättigau/Davos in the canton of Grisons. In 2021, the municipality shortened its name to Klosters.[1] Klosters itself consists of the two main parts Klosters Dorf ('Village') and Kloster Platz ('Place'), and the settlements Selfranga, Äuja, Monbiel. Together with neighbouring Serneus, the two villages form the former municipality of Klosters-Serneus. On 1 January 2016, the former municipality of Saas im Prättigau merged into Klosters-Serneus.[2]

The village's ski resort lies Script error: No such module "convert". from Zürich, the nearest international airport. Klosters is Script error: No such module "convert". north from Davos and part of its extended ski area.

History

Klosters is first mentioned in 1222 as ecclesiam sancti Iacobi. In 1436 it was mentioned as zuo dem Closter.[3] It was part of one of the Three Leagues in the League of the Ten Jurisdictions. A part of the league's coat of arms is visible on Klosters' coat of arms.

Geography

The Landquart River flows northwesterly through the village of Klosters and, along with various side streams, defines the geography of this region.

File:Klosters Stützbach.jpg
The creek Stützbach between Klosters and Davos Laret
File:ETH-BIB-Klosters-LBS H1-018254.tif
Aerial view (1954)

Klosters-Serneus has an area, (as of 2016) of Template:Swiss area.Template:Swiss area data Of this area, about 24.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 19.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 54.2% is unproductive land. In the 2004/09 survey a total of Script error: No such module "convert". or about 0.8% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of Script error: No such module "convert". over the 1985 amount. Over the same time period, the amount of recreational space in the municipality increased by Script error: No such module "convert". and is now about 0.08% of the total area. Of the agricultural land, Script error: No such module "convert". is used for orchards and vineyards, Script error: No such module "convert". is fields and grasslands and Script error: No such module "convert". consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1985 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by Script error: No such module "convert".. Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by Script error: No such module "convert".. Rivers and lakes cover Script error: No such module "convert". in the municipality.[4][5]

Before 2017, the municipality was located in and is the only municipality in Klosters sub-district of the Prättigau/Davos district, after 2017 it was part of the Prättigau/Davos Region.[6] It was created in 1865 through the merger of the formerly independent municipalities of Serneus and Klosters. Until 1973 Klosters-Serneus was known as Klosters.[7] It is the largest and uppermost village in the Prättigau valley. It consists of the villages of Klosters and Serneus and is made up of the sections of Platz, Dorf, Selfranga, Äuja and Monbiel.

The Jöriseen, a group of Alpine lakes located west of the Jörifless Pass and north of the Flüela Wisshorn, are within the village.

Demographics

File:Klosters, Switzerland.png
Klosters

Klosters-Serneus has a population (since Template:Swiss populations YMTemplate:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) of Template:Swiss populations.Template:Swiss populations ref since 2015Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., 19.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals. In 2015 a small minority (226 or 5.9% of the population) was born in Germany and a small minority (286 or 7.5% of the population) was born in Portugal.[8] The birth rate in the municipality, in 2015, was 7.0, while the death rate was 9.2 per thousand residents.[5] Most of the population (since 2000Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) speaks German (88.7%), with Portuguese being second most common (2.9%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (2.6%).[9]

since 2015Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 17.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) are 57.0% of the population and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 25.3%.[5] In 2015 there were 1,508 single residents, 1,768 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 231 widows or widowers and 301 divorced residents.[10]

In 2015, there were 2,113 private households in Klosters-Serneus with an average household size of 2.13 persons. In 2015, about 33.5% of all buildings in the municipality were single family homes, which is much less than the percentage in the canton (49.4%) and much less than the percentage nationally (57.4%).[11] Of the 1,376 inhabited buildings in the municipality, in 2000, about 34.8% were single family homes and 43.9% were multiple family buildings. Additionally, about 20.3% of the buildings were built before 1919, while 9.0% were built between 1991 and 2000.[12] In 2014 the rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 10.24. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2016Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., was 0.89%.[5]

The historical population is given in the following chart:[13] <timeline> Colors= 

 id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
 id:darkgrey  value:gray(0.8)

ImageSize = width: auto height:200 barincrement:45 PlotArea = top:20 left:40 bottom:20 right:35 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:5000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:300 start:0 PlotData= 

 color:yellowgreen width: 35   mark:(line,white) align:center
 bar:1850 from:start till:1302 text:"1,302"
 bar:1860 from:start till:1372 text:"1,372"
 bar:1870 from:start till:1473 text:"1,473"
 bar:1880 from:start till:1510 text:"1,510"
 bar:1888 from:start till:1529 text:"1,529"
 bar:1900 from:start till:1555 text:"1,555"
 bar:1910 from:start till:1719 text:"1,719"
 bar:1920 from:start till:2136 text:"2,136"
 bar:1930 from:start till:2558 text:"2,558"
 bar:1941 from:start till:2774 text:"2,774"
 bar:1950 from:start till:2978 text:"2,978"
 bar:1960 from:start till:3181 text:"3,181"
 bar:1970 from:start till:3534 text:"3,534"
 bar:1980 from:start till:3487 text:"3,487"
 bar:1990 from:start till:3542 text:"3,542"
 bar:2000 from:start till:3890 text:"3,890"
 bar:2010 from:start till:3899 text:"3,899"
 bar:2015 from:start till:4537 text:"4,537"

</timeline>

Skiing

Klosters is well known as a favorite ski resort for Charles III and subsequently one cable car to the top of Gotschnagrat is recently renamed the "King Charles cablecar".

Heritage sites of national significance

File:Kirche Klosters 2.jpg
Interior of the Reformed church

The Reformierte Kirche am Platz is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.[14]

Politics

In the 2015 federal election the most popular party was the SVP with 41.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (18.7%), the BDP (17.6%) and the SP (10.8%). In the federal election, a total of 1,341 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 51.4%.[15]

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 46.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (28.7%), the SP (17.2%) and the CVP (4.7%).[9]

Education

In Klosters-Serneus about 76.4% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[9]

Economy

File:Gotschnabahn 03.jpg
Cable car from Klosters Platz to the Gotschna summit, which is part of one of Davos' ski arena

Klosters-Serneus is classed as a tourist community.[16] In 2015 local hotels had a total of 128,053 overnight stays, of which 54.4% were international visitors.[17]

since  2014Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were a total of 2,190 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 144 people worked in 62 businesses in the primary economic sector. The secondary sector employed 554 workers in 83 separate businesses. There were 10 small businesses with a total of 219 employees and one mid sized business with a total of 97 employees. Finally, the tertiary sector provided 1,492 jobs in 313 businesses. There were 25 small businesses with a total of 645 employees.[18] In 2015 a total of 10.2% of the population received social assistance.[5]

In 2011 the unemployment rate in the municipality was 1.2%.[19]

In 2015 the average cantonal, municipal and church tax rate in the municipality for a couple with two children making Template:CHF was 3.5% while the rate for a single person making Template:CHF was 15%, both of which are close to the average for the canton and nationally. In 2013 the average income in the municipality per tax payer was Template:CHF and the per person average was Template:CHF, which is greater than the cantonal averages of Template:CHF and Template:CHF respectively In contrast, the national tax payer average is Template:CHF, while the national per person average is Template:CHF.[20]

Religion

From the 2000 censusTemplate:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., 895 or 23.0% are Roman Catholic, while 2,587 or 66.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there are 106 individuals (or about 2.72% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 13 individuals (or about 0.33% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There are 32 (or about 0.82% of the population) who are Muslim. There are 14 individuals (or about 0.36% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 221 (or about 5.68% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 27 individuals (or about 0.69% of the population) did not answer the question.[21]

Transport

Kloster Platz has cable car lift service to the top of Gotschnagrat at Script error: No such module "convert".. In winter it is part of the large ski area between Davos and Klosters.

File:GotschnaPanorama-pjt.jpg
Panoramic view from Gotschnagrat: Casanna (2557m, left), Serneus (center), Madrisahorn (2826m), and Klosters Dorf (right).
File:Klosters-Sunnibergbruecke-view from the raetische Bahn-01.jpg
Sunniberg Bridge from the Rhaetian train near Serneus

Klosters lies 150 km (93 mi) southeast from Zürich, the nearest international airport. National train service is available from Zürich to Landquart, with regular regional train service to Klosters.

The municipality has four railway stations: Template:Rws, Template:Rws, Template:Rws, and Template:Rws. There is also a variety of regional and local bus services. The local Rhaetian line is the Landquart-Davos Platz line, which connects at Landquart railway station with national rail to Zürich. The portion from Landquart to Klosters was first opened in 1889. Near Serneus this local line passes the 525 m long award-winning Sunniberg Bridge, which was completed 1998 as the centerpiece of the Klosters bypass and the Lanquart valley that lies south of the railway. In 2005 the Klosters bypass, which includes both the Sunniberg Bridge and the Gotschna Tunnel, was opened for traffic in a ceremony with Prince Charles, a frequent visitor to Klosters.[22]

Society

The Klosters ski resort has been the winter destination for the British royal family, notably Prince Charles, for over three decades.[22] Klosters takes pride in what Tom Robbins refers to as "Discreet luxury yes, pomposity just for show, no", it warns; here "understatement is written in capital letters".[23] Prince William and Prince Harry learned to ski in the village and were often spotted at their usual haunt: Casa Antica.[24] Other notables include Paul Newman, Gregory Peck, Yul Brynner, Lauren Bacall, Juliette Gréco, Irwin Shaw, Charles Korvin, Robert Capa, Greta Garbo and Gene Kelly, who famously danced on the tables in the hotel bar of the legendary Hotel Chesa Grischuna where Rex Harrison discussed his musical notes for "My Fair Lady" with the hotel pianist. Peter Viertel described Klosters as "Hollywood on the Rocks" in his acclaimed autobiography "Dangerous Friends" and in 1960 married Deborah Kerr in Klosters.[25][26] In more recent history other regulars include Peter Mandelson, billionaires Nathaniel Rothschild,[27] Thomas Schmidheiny,[28] Friede Springer, Guy Spier[29] and Peter Munk.[30] Other notables include Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, Rupert Everett and Swiss movie producer Marc Forster.[31][32] Local hotel proprietor and skier Ruth Guler ran the Hotel Wynegg, and socialised with several royals, though she treated them no differently to other guests.[33] Nicholas Wheeler and Chrissie Rucker own the Haus Alpina chalet in Klosters.[34]

Climate

Klosters has a Tundra climate (ET) under the Köppen climate classification. The average annual temperature is Script error: No such module "convert".. The average coldest month is January with an average temperature of Script error: No such module "convert"., while the warmest month is July with an average temperature of Script error: No such module "convert".. The wettest month is August during which time Klosters received an average of Script error: No such module "convert". of rain or snow. During this month it receives precipitation for 14.6 days. The month of June has the most precipitation days, 14.9 but only has Script error: No such module "convert". of precipitation. The driest month is February during which time Klosters receives an average of Script error: No such module "convert". of rain or snow. During this month it receives precipitation for 10.6 days.[35]

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See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Template:In lang accessed 18 January 2018
  3. ↑ Template:HDS
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b c d e Regionalporträts 2017: Swiss Federal Statistical Office Template:In lang accessed 18 May 2017
  6. ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz - Mutationsmeldungen 2016 accessed 16 February 2017
  7. ↑ Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office Template:In lang accessed 23 September 2009
  8. ↑ Federal Statistical Office - Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit (Land) accessed 31 October 2016
  9. ↑ a b c Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 4 October 2011
  10. ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geschlecht, Zivilstand und Geburtsort Template:In lang accessed 8 September 2016
  11. ↑ Statistical Atlas of Switzerland - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2015 accessed 18 May 2017
  12. ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Thema 09 - Bau- und Wohnungswesen Template:In lang accessed 5 May 2016
  13. ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, 1850-2000 Template:In lang accessed 27 April 2016
  14. ↑ Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance Template:Webarchive 21.11.2008 version, Template:In lang accessed 28-Oct-2009
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Federal Statistical Office - Hotellerie: Ankünfte und Logiernächte der geöffneten Betriebe accessed 31 October 2016
  18. ↑ Federal Statistical Office -Arbeitsstätten und Beschäftigte nach Gemeinde, Wirtschaftssektor und Grössenklasse accessed 31 October 2016
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Graubunden Population Statistics Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 21 September 2009
  22. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Weatherbase climate summary accessed 19 June 2013. The weather station is Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level.

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Template:Municipalities of the Prättigau/Davos Region Template:Authority control

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