Klippe
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A klippe (German for cliff or crag; plural klippen or klippes[1]) is a geological feature of thrust fault terrains. The klippe is the remnant portion of a nappe after erosion has removed connecting portions of the nappe. This process results in an outlier of exotic, often nearly horizontally translated strata overlying autochthonous strata.[2]
Examples
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- Chief Mountain, Montana
- Mount Yamnuska, Alberta
- The Rock of Gibraltar
- Acropolis of Athens, Greece
- Bac Grillera, Catalonia, Spain. The nappe of which this klippe once formed part had its root in the northern part of the Pyrenees mountain range.[3][4]
Klippes may also be found in the Pre-Alps of Switzerland and some of the isolated mountains in Assynt, Sutherland, in NW Scotland.[5]
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Beckov Castle, Slovakia, perched on a limestone klippe
References
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- ↑ Marc Calvet, Yanni Gunnell, Bernard Laumonier. Denudation history and palaeogeography of the Pyrenees and their peripheral basins: an 84-million-year geomorphological perspective. Earth Science Reviews, 2021. See map, page 195. Online at insu.hal.science.
- ↑ Estevez, A. (1968). Tectónica de las unidades alóctonas del Castell de Bac Grillera (Pirineo oriental, España). Acta Geológica Hispànica, t. III, núm. 5, p. 138-141. Online at revistes.ub.edu.
- ↑ Whittow, John (1984). Dictionary of Physical Geography. London: Penguin, 1984, p. 294. Template:ISBN.
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