Kew Green

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Kew Green is a large open space in Kew in west London. Owned by the Crown Estate, it is leased to the London Borough of Richmond-upon-Thames.[1] It is roughly triangular in shape, and its open grassland, framed with broadleaf trees, extends to about thirty acres. Kew Green is overlooked by a mixture of period townhouses, historic buildings and commercial establishments. Since the 1730s, Kew Green has been a venue for cricket matches.

The eastern and southwestern sides of the Green are residential; the northern side is largely residential, with a few pubs, restaurants, and the Herbarium Library; and a small number of commercial and retail buildings cluster in the southeast corner. To the north of the Green is Kew Bridge, carrying the busy South Circular Road, which in turn runs across the Green, dividing it into a large western part and a smaller eastern part. At the south end is St Anne's Church, Kew's parish church. At the west end of the Green is Elizabeth Gate, one of the two main entrances into Kew Gardens.

History

Most of the older houses in Kew are built round the Green and along the eastern side of the Kew Road looking towards Kew Gardens. The Green itself is a big triangular space. It is mentioned in a Parliamentary Survey of Richmond taken in 1649, and is there described as 'a piece of common or uninclosed ground called Kew Green, lying within the Township of Kew, conteyning about 20 acres.' An 18th-century view, taken from a meadow to the east, shows Kew Bridge on the right, a small irregular lake with an island to the left. A road led to the western point of the Green, where the palace was visible, a windmill behind it; and trees, the trunks engirdled by seats, grew opposite the square-built church which stood isolated on the Green. Some land at the end of the Green was enclosed by George IV, and a meadow east of the bridge was made common land, as part of a design, never carried out, of building a new palace at Kew in place of the Dutch House. In the early 19th century Sir Richard Phillips described the Green as 'a triangular area of about 30 acres bounded by dwelling-houses,' and another description of a slightly later date speaks of the 'well-built houses and noble trees' surrounding it.[2]

Kew Green was in use as a venue for cricket by the 1730s and was used for a match between London and a Middlesex XI in 1732. A Women's One Day International between New Zealand and Jamaica was scheduled to be held on the Green in 1973 as part of the inaugural Women's Cricket World Cup but the match was abandoned without a toss being made. This would have been the first Women's One Day International match ever played.[3] The Green is still used for club cricket today as the home of Kew Cricket Club.

Kew Pond

Originally thought to have been a natural pond fed from a creek of the tidal Thames, later enlarged in the 10th century to serve as a fishery. By the 17th and 18th centuries, it had become a village pond used for watering livestock. A herdsman was in appointed in 1824, and the creek was partly filled in and built over to give access to the new King's School built to the north of the pond. It now has no natural inflow. During high (spring) tides sluice gates are opened to allow river water to fill the pond via an underground channel. The pond is concreted, rectangular in shape and contains an important reed bed habitat which is vital for conservation and resident water birds. Since 2010 the pond is managed in partnership with the Friends of Kew Pond.[4][5]

Notable buildings

Kew Green is also a street address. The odd-numbered buildings face the west side, and the even-numbered buildings face the east.

50, Kew Green was the original home of the King's School, founded in 1824. (The school's name changes to the Queen's School during a female monarch's reign.) The building was rebuilt in 1887. In 1969 the school moved to new premises in Cumberland Road and the Victorian schoolhouse was demolished.[6] To preserve its legacy, there is an embroidery of the original building in the pew kneelers of St Anne's Church.

Kew Green Conservation Area[7]
Image Building Dates Grade History
File:Kew Green, Caxton House from Kew Bridge.jpg Caxton House,
110, Kew Green		 Early C19 BTM From 1964 the Caxton Name Plate Manufacturing Company, which ceased trading in 1997. The company's name is still visible on the exterior of the building.[8] The artist Banksy painted one of his London animal series in August 2024 on the wall near Kew Bridge; it features a goat perched on a thin wall, with rocks tumbling down.[9] The artwork was removed in February 2025 by a specialist company in preparation for essential work on the building which is owned by Boss & Co. gunmakers.[10]

At the back of Caxton House facing Westerley Ware is the Victorian mortuary building. To the west used to stand the blacksmiths, which had originally been the Rose & Crown; this was demolished in 1900 for the construction of the third Kew Bridge.[11]

File:The old Tea Rooms, Kew Green.jpg 108, Kew Green BTM Since 19C there had been several tea rooms and cafés along Waterloo Place. This was the last to close in 2006.
File:Kew Green, numbers 98-106.jpg 98-106, Kew Green Early C19 II Terrace of five houses.[12]
File:Kew Green, numbers 88-96.jpg 90-96, Kew Green 1816 II A terrace of four houses. On No. 96 a stone tablet is inscribed "Waterloo Place. 1816".[13]
File:Kew Green, The Greyhound, numbers 82, 84, 86.jpg The Greyhound,
82, Kew Green		 1937 BTM Replaced the Victorian pub
File:Kew Green, numbers 68, 70, 72.jpg 68 & 70, Kew Green BTM 68 and 70 are a pair of Italianate houses.
File:Kew Green, numbers 62, 64, 66.jpg 62 & 64, Kew Green Early C19 II Originally a terrace of three cottages. No. 66 was rebuilt.[14]
File:Kew Green, numbers 52-56.jpg 52-56, Kew Green 18C II Row of three cottages.[15]
File:Kew Green, view across the pond 2.jpg 40-46, Kew Green 19C BLM Victorian terrace
File:Kew Green, numbers 28 to 38.jpg 28-38, Kew Green 19C BLM Victorian red-bricked terrace
File:Kew Green, No 26, entrance with heads.jpg 26, Kew Green 19C BLM Bay fronted Victorian house
File:Kew Green, Haverfield House, number 24.jpg Haverfield House,
24, Kew Green		 C19 BTM Home of the Superintendent of Kew Gardens 1766-1784, John Haverfield (1694-1784), who managed the royal estates in Kew for Princess Augusta. He is buried at St Anne's church. His son, also John Haverfield (1744-1820), was gardener and landscape architect. His daughter was painted by Gainsborough.[16][17] The Hon. Gilbert James Duke Coleridge (1859-1953), barrister and sculptor, son of the 1st Baron Coleridge, died here in 1953.[18]
File:ARTHUR HUGHES - Eastside House 22 Kew Green Kew TW9 3BH.jpg Eastside House,
22, Kew Green		 Early C19 house II The home of the painter Arthur Hughes; it has a blue plaque.[19][20]
File:Kew Green, numbers 18 & 20.jpg 20, Kew Green Mid to late C18 II [21]
File:Kew Green, No 12, 14, 16 with post box.jpg 14-16, Kew Green BTM Shops mostly retaining their original shopfronts. No. 14 was formerly the Post Office.In 1912 suffragettes destroyed the contents of the pillar box.[22] What is outside now is a Queen Elizabeth pillar box.

In the C18 this was a pub called the Cock and Hoop, later the Ewe and Lamb.[23]

File:Kew Green, parade of shops, numbers 10,12. 14 & 16.jpg 10, Kew Green BTM There is a Blue plaque on the Gloucester Road wall of No. 10a Kew Green to the impressionist painter Camille Pissarro who stayed here in 1892.
File:Coach and Horses Hotel, Kew, TW9 (2995065924).jpg Coach and Horses,
8, Kew Green		 BTM Kew's oldest inn, now a pub and restaurant.
File:Kew Green, numbers 2, 4, 6.jpg Bank House,
2 & 4, Kew Green		 C18 II No. 4, formerly Barclays Bank. Reputedly where the Palace Guard lodged in the late 18th century.[24][7]
File:Kew Green, numbers 9 & 11.jpg 9 & 11, Kew Green Late C18 or early C19 II Two houses with shops below retaining their Victorian shop fronts.[25]
File:Kew Green, numbers 15, 17, 19, 21.jpg Gumley Cottage,
17 & 19, Kew Green		 early C18 II 1 Cambridge Terrace. Two storeys with dormers, the door for No. 17 replaced with a window. Used as student accommodation for Kew students.[26]
File:Kew Green, Numbers 21, 23, 25.jpg 21, Kew Green Mid C18 house II [27]
File:Kew Green, Numbers 21, 23, 25.jpg 23 & 25, Kew Green C18 II [28] The botanical artist Walter Hood Fitch lived at 4, Cambridge Terrace.[29]
File:Kew Green, No 29 & 31.jpg 29 & 31, Kew Green C18 II Late C18 or early C19 pair of houses.[30]
File:Kew Green, Kings Cottage, No 33.jpg Kings Cottage,
33, Kew Green		 C18 II Home from 1751 to 1754 of John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (1713-1792), honorary director of Kew Gardens, 1754–1772, and, later, Prime Minister. It was later home of Cosmo Lang, Archbishop of Canterbury. It has also been known as Church House. Originally a royal residence, built by Queen Charlotte when it was called Princess Elizabeth's House, it was a 'grace and favour' house.[31][32]
File:Kew Green, Cambridge Cottage, no 37.jpg Cambridge Cottage,
37, Kew Green		 Early C19 II It was built by Christopher Appleby, a barrister, in the early 18th century. In 1758 it was then leased by Lord Bute. In 1772 it was purchased by George III as a home for two of his sons. In 1838 it became the home of his seventh son, the Duke of Cambridge (1774–1850), who remodelled and extended it in 1840, becoming his permanent residence and renamed Cambridge Cottage. His widow, the Duchess of Cambridge (1797–1889) died here and was buried in St Anne's Church; her body was later moved. Prince George, Duke of Cambridge (1819–1904) owned the house after the death of his mother, and when he died in 1904 Edward VII donated it to Kew Gardens and was formerly Museum No 3.[33]
File:Kew Green, The Gables 39-41.jpg The Gables,
39-45, Kew Green		 C18 II The cast iron gates are listed.[34] Rebuilt in 1908 on the former stables of Cambridge Cottage for gardening staff.
File:Sir WILLIAM HOOKER and Sir JOSEPH HOOKER - 49 Kew Green Kew London TW9 3AA.jpg 49, Kew Green Early C18 II Since 1851 the official residence of the director of Kew Gardens. There is a blue plaque to Sir William Hooker and his son, Sir Joseph Hooker.[35][36]
File:Plaque at the south-western boundary of Kew Green - geograph.org.uk - 4534424.jpg 47, Kew Green 1931 BTM The Admin block. Formerly the entrance to the gardens.
File:Kew Green, 51 Royal Cottage.jpg Royal Cottage,
51, Kew Green		 C18 II Formerly two houses, used as a grace and favour residence. Conrad Noel (1869-1942), a prominent Christian socialist, was born here.[37]
File:Kew Green, Herbarium House.jpg Herbarium House,
55, Kew Green		 early C18 II Next to the main gates it is the official residence of the keeper of the Herbarium.[38]
File:Kew Green, Early C19 cast-iron Sewer Vent.jpg Sewer Vent early C19 II Cast-iron Sewer Vent opposite is marked with the maker's name "F. Bird & Co., 11 Gt. Castle St. Regent St.".[39]
File:Elizabeth Gate - geograph.org.uk - 5416533.jpg Elizabeth Gate 1848 II* Designed by Decimus Burton.[40]
File:Kew Green, Lamp Standard.jpg lamp standards Early C19 II Outside the main gate are early C19 cast-iron gas lamp standards with monograms GIIIIR or WIIIIR.[41]
File:The Herbarium (geograph 5283041).jpg The Herbarium,
Kew Green		 C18, 1877 and later II* The original house dates from the 1770s, built for Peter Theobald, sold to Robert Hunter in 1800 and known as Hunter House. It was bought by the Crown in 1818 as the home of the Duke of Cumberland, who became king of Hanover in 1837; the house was then called Hanover House. It was then used to house the Herbarium, established in 1853 by William Hooker, with new wings added in 1877, Wing C, by John Lessels, Wing B 1902-1903, Wing A 1932, Wing D 1969, 1988 Wing Q, and 2009 the new library extension.[42][43]
File:Kew Green, No 57, Hanover House.jpg Hanover House,
57, Kew Green		 C18 II Next to the Herbarium is Meyer's House (now called 'Hanover House') home of the artist Jeremiah Meyer. Sir Peter Lely also had a house in this location.[44]

The road next to Hanover House was originally called Water Lane, later named Ferry Lane.[11]

File:Kew Green, K6 Telephone Kiosk,.jpg K6 red telephone box 1935 II Outside the Herbarium is a K6 Telephone Box, designed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott to commemorate the Silver Jubilee of King George V.[45]
File:Kew Green, No 59 & 61.jpg 59 & 61, Kew Green Late C18 II No. 61, Abingdon House, formerly The Imperial Restaurant opened in 1913 by Will Evans. It was home of Joshua Kirby, the architect for the reconstruction of St Anne's Church in 1770; he is buried at St Anne's.[16][11][46]
File:Kew Green, No 63.jpg 63, Kew Green C18 II Originally known as Snailwell House, it was restored after a fire in 1909 by Will Evans as the Dieudonne Restaurant.[47][11][48]
File:Kew Green, No 65.jpg Warden House,
65, Kew Green		 C18 II [49]
File:The White House - geograph.org.uk - 5283038.jpg White House,
67, Kew Green		 Early C19 II [50]
File:Kew Green, Number 65, 67, 69.jpg Ada Villa,
69, Kew Green		 Mid C18 II In the early 20th Century Pitt's Restaurant was a meeting place for various groups and societies.[51][52][53]
File:Kew Green,numbers 69,71, 73.jpg 71, Kew Green Late C18, Early C19 II [54]
File:Kew Green, number 73.jpg Danebury House,
73, Kew Green		 C18 II [55]
File:Kew Green, number 77.jpg Beaconsfield,
77, Kew Green		 1668 II Originally known as 'The Little Red House'. The home of Friedrich Albert, a page, barber and hairdresser to Queen Charlotte. His daughter was Charlotte Papendiek, a lady-in-waiting to Queen Charlotte, who wrote memoirs about the household of George III. It later was the home of Francis Engleheart (1713-1773).[11][56]

This was the home for 53 years of Clementina Jacobina Sobieski Schnell (1760–1842), daughter of Colonel Allan Macdonald of Kinlochmoidart who had escaped after the Battle of Culloden; she was related to Flora MacDonald. Her husband, Dr Francis Schnell, was tutor to Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland. She died in 1842 when her headdress caught fire.[57][58]

File:Cricketers, Kew, TW9 (13579456974).jpg The Cricketers,
79, Kew Green		 BTM Called the Rose and Crown until 2013.
File:Kew Green, number 83 Capel House.jpg Flora House,
81, Kew Green		 1880 BTM Once The Flora Restaurant owned by Will Evans. He died here in 1949.[11][59]
File:Capel House, Kew Green - London. (6776310831).jpg Capel House,
83, Kew Green		 Early C18 II Reputedly the dower house of Lady Capel (d 1719), widow of Henry Capell, Baron Capell of Tewkesbury, who in her will left money to five schools, including the King's School in Kew. There is a memorial to her in St Anne's church.[60]
File:Once a public house - geograph.org.uk - 5283033.jpg Ask,
85, Kew Green		 BTM Formerly the King's Arms.[61] Next to the King's Arms used to stand 87, Thames House, & 89 a sweet shop; they were demolished in 1900 for the construction of the third Kew Bridge.[11]
File:St Anne's church - Kew.jpg St Anne's church 1714 II* The churchyard contains the tombs of Thomas Gainsborough and Johan Zoffany, also Grade II*.[62]

The cross-shaped war memorial near the church is Grade II listed.[63]

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Kew Green, Kew, CricketArchive. Retrieved 9 December 2020. Template:Subscription required
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Cassidy, plate 62.
  7. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Template:National Heritage List for England
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Template:National Heritage List for England
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Template:National Heritage List for England
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Template:National Heritage List for England

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Further reading

Bibliography

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External links

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