John Cleveland
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John Cleveland (16 June 1613 – 29 April 1658) was an English poet who supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War. He was best known for political satire.
Early life
Cleveland was born in Loughborough, the son of Thomas Cleveland, Vicar of Hinckley (1620–1652), and educated at Hinckley Grammar School. Admitted to Christ's College, Cambridge, he graduated BA in 1632 and became a fellow of St John's College in 1634,Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". where he became a college tutor and lecturer in rhetoric.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Posts
A staunch Royalist, Cleveland opposed the election of Oliver Cromwell as member for Cambridge in the Long Parliament and lost his college post as a result in 1645. He then joined Charles I, by whom he was welcomed, and appointed to the office of judge advocate at Newark-on-Trent.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
In 1646, however, he lost his judge advocacy and wandered about the country dependent on the bounty of other Royalists. In 1655 he was imprisoned at Great Yarmouth, but released by Cromwell, to whom he appealed, and went to London, where he spent the rest of his life.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". For his letter to Cromwell, see May it please yr Highnesse (1657) or Cleaveland's petition to His Highnesse the Lord Protector [sic].
Poems and other works
Cleveland's poems first appeared in The Character of a London Diurnal (1647) and thereafter in some 20 other collections.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". His achievement lay in political, satirical verses written mainly in heroic couplets.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". He has been called "both a detached, intellectual, 'metaphysical' poet" and "a committed satirist".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Cleveland also wrote Royalist news books such as Mercurius Pragmaticus for King Charles II, which appeared after the execution of Charles I. He was particularly interested in the 14th-century Wat Tyler rebellion against Richard II.[1]
His own volume of Poems was published in 1654.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Notes
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- ↑ Cf. The idol of the clownes, or, Insurrection of Wat The Tyler (1654) and The Rebellion of the Rude Multitude under Wat Tyler and his priests Baal and Straw (1660).
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References
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Attribution:
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External links
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- Pages with script errors
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- Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
- 1613 births
- 1658 deaths
- 17th-century English poets
- 17th-century English male writers
- 17th-century English writers
- English male poets
- Anglican poets
- People from Loughborough
- Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge
- Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge