Jean-Baptiste Charcot
Template:Short description Template:Expand French Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for clobbered parameters".Template:Wikidata image Jean-Baptiste Étienne Auguste Charcot, better known in France as Commandant Charcot,[1][2] (15 July 1867 in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris – 16 September 1936 at sea (30 miles north-west of Reykjavik, Iceland), was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893). As a sportsman, he was French rugby XV champion in 1896 and also won a double silver medal in sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics.
Life
Jean-Baptiste Charcot was appointed leader of the French Antarctic Expedition with the ship Français exploring the west coast of Graham Land from 1904 until 1907. The expedition reached Adelaide Island in 1905 and took pictures of the Palmer Archipelago and Loubet Coast. From 1908 until 1910, another expedition followed with the ship Pourquoi Pas ?, exploring the Bellingshausen Sea and the Amundsen Sea and discovering Loubet Land, Marguerite Bay, Mount Boland and Charcot Island, which was named after his father, Jean-Martin Charcot.[3] He named Hugo Island after Victor Hugo, the grandfather of his wife, Jeanne Hugo.
The Royal Geographical Society awarded its Patron's Medal to Charcot in 1911, citing "his important expeditions to the Antarctic, during which he conducted investigations of high scientific value in geology, meteorology, magnetic conditions and biology."
Later on, Jean-Baptiste Charcot explored Rockall in 1921 and Eastern Greenland and Svalbard from 1925 until 1936. He died when Pourquoi-Pas ? was wrecked in a storm off the coast of Iceland in 1936.
Charcot participated in many sports. He won two silver medals in sailing at the Summer Olympics of 1900.[4][5]
Dedications
.jpg){kind=link}
A monument to Charcot was created in Reykjavík, Iceland by sculptor Einar Jónsson in 1936 and another by Ríkarður Jónsson in 1952.
Charcot has had various places and things named after him:
- Charcotiana, a lichen genus[6]
- Charcot Bay, Antarctica
- Charcot Fan, an abyssal fan in the Southern Ocean
- Charcot Land, a peninsula in Greenland
- Le Commandant Charcot, an icebreaking cruise ship
See also
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Le "Pourquoi pas?" dans l'Antarctique 1908–1910, Arthaud, Paris, 1996, Template:ISBN
External links
- Template:Sports links
- Sur les traces du "Pourquoi-Pas?"
- Icelandic website in memory of Jean-Babtiste Charcot"
- Template:PM20
Script error: No such module "Gallery".
- Pages with script errors
- Pages with broken file links
- 1867 births
- 1936 deaths
- Captains who went down with the ship
- Scientists from Neuilly-sur-Seine
- 19th-century French explorers
- Explorers of Antarctica
- Explorers of the Arctic
- Graham Land
- Charcot family
- 20th-century French physicians
- Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour
- Academic staff of the École pratique des hautes études
- Members of the French Academy of Sciences
- Recipients of the Cullum Geographical Medal
- Burials at Montmartre Cemetery
- Antarctic Peninsula
- French male sailors (sport)
- Sailors at the 1900 Summer Olympics – 0 to .5 ton
- Olympic sailors for France
- Medalists at the 1900 Summer Olympics
- Olympic silver medalists for France
- Olympic medalists in sailing
- Accidental deaths in Iceland
- Sportspeople from Hauts-de-Seine
- Sailors at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Open class
- 20th-century French explorers