Banknotes of the Japanese yen

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File:New 10000 yen banknote obverse.png
A series F 10,000 yen note, featuring the portrait of Shibusawa Eiichi

Banknotes of the Japanese yen, known in Japan as Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., are the banknotes of Japan, denominated in Japanese yen (¥). These are all released by a centralized bank which was established in 1882, known as the Bank of Japan. The first notes to be printed were released between 1885 and 1887 in denominations of 1 to 100 yen. Throughout their history, the denominations have ranged from 0.05 yen (aka 5 sen) to 10,000 yen. Banknotes under 1 yen were abolished in 1953, and those under 500 yen were discontinued by 1984. Higher end notes of 1000 yen and more made their appearance in the 1950s. These continue to be issued to the present in ¥1000, ¥2000, ¥5000, and ¥10,000 denominations. The formerly used notes of 1 to 500 yen from 1946 to the 1980s, while discontinued, continue to be valid. These are, however, worth more than their face value on the collector's market.

At present, Japanese banknotes are printed with portraits of people from the Meiji period and later. This is because it is desirable to use an accurate photograph as the original for a portrait, rather than a painting, in order to prevent counterfeiting.[1][2]

Meiji era

1885–1887

Daikokuten (1885–87)
Image Value Dimensions Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension Expiration
File:Bank of Japan silver convertible one yen banknote 1885.jpg File:Old 1 Yen Bank of Japan silver convertible note - reverse.jpg ¥1 78 × 135 mm[3][4] Daikokuten Silver obligation September 8, 1885[3][4] October 1, 1958[3][4] Valid[3][4]
File:Series Kyu 5 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥5 87 × 152 mm[5] January 4, 1886[5][6] — March 31, 1939[5]
File:10 yen note 1885 obverse.jpg File:10 yen note 1885 reverse.jpg ¥10 93 × 156 mm May 9, 1887 — March 31, 1945
File:100 yen note 1885 obverse.jpg File:100 yen note 1885 reverse.jpg ¥100 116 × 186 mm September 8, 1887 —

1888–1891

Remodeled convertible banknotes (1888–91)
Image Value Dimensions Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension Expiration
— — ¥1 85 X 145 mm[5] Takenouchi no Sukune Silver obligation May 1, 1889[5] October 1, 1958[5] Valid[5]
File:Series Kaizo 5 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥5 95 X 159 mm[7] Sugawara no Michizane December 3, 1888[7] — March 31, 1939[7]
File:Series Kaizo 10 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥10 100 X 169 mm Wake no Kiyomaro September 12, 1890 — March 31, 1925
File:Series Kaizo 100 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥100 130 X 210 mm Fujiwara no Kamatari November 15, 1891 — March 31, 1945

1899–1900

Convertible Banknote A (1899–1900)
Image Value Dimensions Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension Expiration
File:Series Ko 5 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥5 85 X 146 mm[8] Takenouchi no Sukune and Ube Shrine Gold obligation April 1, 1899[9] — March 31, 1939[8][10]
File:Series Ko 10 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg File:Series Ko 10 Yen Bank of Japan note - reverse.jpg ¥10 96 X 159 mm Wake no Kiyomaro and Goou shrine Wild Boar design with gold obligation October 1, 1899 — March 31, 1939
File:Series Ko 100 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥100 130 X 210 mm Fujiwara no Kamatari and Tanzan Shrine Gold obligation 1900 1913

1910

Convertible Banknote B (1910)
Image Value Dimensions Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension Expiration
File:Series Otsu 5 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥5 78 X 136 mm[11] Sugawara no Michizane Kitano Tenmangū shrine with convertible wording September 1, 1910[8][12] — March 31, 1939[8]

Taishō era

1915–1917

Taishō convertible banknotes (1915–17)
Image Value Dimensions Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension Expiration
File:Gold standard one yen banknote 1916 Japan.jpg — ¥1 85 X 145 mm[3][4] Takenouchi no Sukune Silver obligation August 15, 1916[3][4] October 1, 1958[3][4] Valid[3][4]
— — ¥5 73 X 130 mm[13] Takenouchi no Sukune and Ube shrine Convertible wording December 15, 1916[8] February, 1927[14] March 31, 1939[8]
File:Series Otsu 10 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥10 89 X 139 mm Wake no Kiyomaro and Goou shrine May 1, 1915 — March 31, 1939
File:Series Ko 20 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg — ¥20 86 X 149 mm Sugawara no Michizane Kitano Tenmangu shrine November 20, 1917 —

Shōwa era

1943–1945

First Issue (1943–45)Template:Efn
Image Value Dimensions Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension Expiration
File:Series Yi 10 Sen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series Yi 10 Sen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥0.1 51 × 106 mm Peace Tower Ornamental November 1, 1944 December 31, 1953 December 31, 1953
File:WWII Japanese 1 yen bill, front.jpg File:WWII Japanese 1 yen bill, back.jpg ¥1 81 mm x 142 mm Takenouchi no Sukune Ube Shrine December 15, 1943 October 1, 1958 Valid[3][4]
¥5 76 mm x 132 mm Sugawara no Michizane Ornamental December 25, 1943 March 9, 1946 March 9, 1946
¥10 18 mm x 142 mm Wake no Kiyomaro Goō Shrine 1944
File:Series Ro 100 Yen Bank of Japan note - obverse.jpg File:Series Ro 100 Yen Bank of Japan note - reverse.jpg ¥100 93 mm x 162 mm Prince Shotoku Hōryū-ji 1945

1946–1948

Series A (1946–48)
Image Value Dimensions Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension Expiration
File:Series A 5 sen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series A 5 sen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥0.05 94 × 48 mm Prunus mume blossoms Geometric patterns May 25, 1948 December 31, 1953 June 30, 1954
File:Series A 10 sen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series A 10 sen bank of japan note -back.jpg ¥0.1 100 × 52 mm Pigeons The Diet building September 5, 1947
File:Series A 1 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpeg File:Series A 1Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥1 124 × 68 mm Ninomiya Sontoku Geometric patterns March 19, 1946 October 1, 1958 Valid
File:Series A 5 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series A 5 Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥5 132 × 68 mm Geometric patterns March 5, 1946 April 1, 1955
File:Series A 10 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series A 10 Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥10 140 × 76 mm The Diet building February 25, 1946
File:Series A 100 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series A 100 Yen Bank of Japan note - Back.jpg ¥100 162 × 93 mm Prince Shōtoku, "Yumedono" (A hall associated with Prince Shōtoku in Hōryū-ji Temple) Hōryū-ji Temple February 25, 1946 July 5, 1956
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

1950–1953

Series B (1950–53)[4]
Image Value Dimensions Main Color Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension
File:Series B 50 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series B 50 Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥50 144 × 68 mm Orange Takahashi Korekiyo The headquarters of the Bank of Japan December 1, 1951 October 1, 1958
File:SeriesB100Yen Bank of Japan note.jpg File:SeriesB100Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥100 148 × 76 mm Brown-orange Itagaki Taisuke The Diet building December 1, 1953 August 1, 1974
File:Series B 500 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series B 500 Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥500 156 × 76 mm Dark blue Iwakura Tomomi Mount Fuji April 2, 1951 January 4, 1971
File:Series B 1000 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series B 1000 Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥1000 164 × 76 mm Grey Prince Shōtoku "Yumedono" January 7, 1950 January 4, 1965
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

Series B introduced a new high value banknote ¥1000.

1957–1969

Series C (1957–69)[4]
Image Value Dimensions Main Color Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension
File:Series C 500 Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series C 500 Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥500 159 × 72 mm Blue Iwakura Tomomi Mount Fuji November 1, 1969 April 1, 1994
File:Series C 1K Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series C 1K Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥1000 164 × 76 mm Yellow-green Itō Hirobumi The headquarters of the Bank of Japan November 1, 1963 January 4, 1986
File:Series C 5K Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series C 5K Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥5000 169 × 80 mm Green-brown Prince Shōtoku The headquarters of the Bank of Japan October 1, 1957
File:P94b-10000Yen-(1958) front.jpg File:P94b-10000Yen-(1958) back.jpg ¥10,000 174 × 84 mm Brown-green Prince Shōtoku A pillar painting of Hōō in Byōdō-in Temple December 1, 1958
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

The series C introduced two new high value banknotes ¥5000 and ¥10,000.

1984

The 1984 series started the printing process from 1982 to 1984.

Series D (1984)[4]
Image Value Dimensions Main Color Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Issue Issue suspension
File:Series D 1K Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series D 1K Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥1000 150 × 76 mm Blue Natsume Sōseki Pair of cranes November 1, 1984 April 2, 2007
File:Series D 5K Yen bank of japan note - front.jpg File:Series D 5K Yen bank of japan note - back.jpg ¥5000 155 × 76 mm Purple Nitobe Inazō Mount Fuji, Lake Motosu
File:Series D 10K Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series D 10K Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥10,000 160 × 76 mm Brown Fukuzawa Yukichi Pair of pheasants
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

Due to the discovery of a large number of counterfeit Series D banknotes at the end of 2004, the issuance of new Series D banknotes except ¥2000 was virtually suspended on January 17, 2005,[15] and officially suspended on April 2, 2007.[16] According to a news release [17] from the National Police Agency, they seized 11,717 counterfeit Series D banknotes (excluding the ¥2000 denomination) in 2005. However, they seized only 486 counterfeit current issue banknotes, namely Series E ¥1000, ¥5000, ¥10,000, and Series D ¥2000.

Heisei era

2000

Series D (2000)[4]
Image Value Dimensions Main Color Description Date of issue
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse
File:Series D 2K Yen Bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series D 2K Yen Bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥2000 154 × 76 mm Green Shurei-mon Scene from the Tale of Genji and portrait of Murasaki Shikibu July 19, 2000
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.
File:2000 yen banknote (Series D), reverse.png
2000 yen note with The Tale of Genji and Murasaki Shikibu on the right corner

This is the current issue. The 2000 yen note was first issued on July 19, 2000, to commemorate the 26th G8 summit in Okinawa and the 2000 millennium year as well. Pictured on the front of the note is Shureimon, a famous gate in Naha, Okinawa near the site of the summit. The other side features a scene from The Tale of Genji and the author Murasaki Shikibu on the lower right corner. The motif of the scene was taken from the 12th century illuminated handscrolls of the novel kept at the Tokugawa Art Museum in Nagoya. The image of Murasaki Shikibu is taken from the Gotoh edition of the Murasaki Shikibu Diary Emaki held at the Gotoh Museum.

Many Japanese consider the 2000 yen note a novelty as it is the only Japanese denomination whose first digit is 2. To promote the circulation of the notes, some companies had started paying wages in them. The series D is the first to display the EURion constellation.

2004

Series E banknotes were introduced in 2004 in ¥1000, ¥5000, and ¥10,000 denominations. The EURion constellation pattern is present in the designs.

The 2004 series started the printing process from 2002 to 2004.

Series E (2004)[4]
Image Value Dimensions Main Color Description Date of issue Issue suspended
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse
File:Series E 1K Yen bank of Japan note - front.jpg File:Series E 1K Yen bank of Japan note - back.jpg ¥1000 150 × 76 mm Blue Noguchi Hideyo Mount Fuji, Lake Motosu and cherry blossoms November 1, 2004 2025 - 2027
File:5000 Yenes (2004) (Anverso).jpg File:5000 Yenes (2004) (Reverso).jpg ¥5000 156 × 76 mm Purple Higuchi Ichiyō Kakitsubata-zu (Painting of irises, a work by Ogata Kōrin)
File:10000 Yenes (Anverso).jpg File:10000 Yenes (Reverso).jpg ¥10,000 160 × 76 mm Brown Fukuzawa Yukichi Statue of hōō (phoenix) at Byōdō-in
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

Reiwa era

2024

On April 9, 2019, Finance Minister Tarō Asō announced new designs for the ¥1000, ¥5000, and ¥10,000 notes, for use beginning on July 3, 2024.[18] The ¥1000 bill features Kitasato Shibasaburō and The Great Wave off Kanagawa, the ¥5000 bill features Tsuda Umeko and wisteria flowers, and the ¥10,000 bill features Shibusawa Eiichi and Tokyo Station. This is the first series of banknotes that feature English text, with the words "Bank of Japan" in the front.

The 2024 series started the printing process from 2021 to 2024.

Series F (2024)
Image Value Dimensions Main Color Description Date of issue
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse
File:New 1000 yen banknote obverse.png File:New 1000 yen banknote reverse.png ¥1000 150 × 76 mm Blue Kitasato Shibasaburō The Great Wave off Kanagawa (from Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji series by Hokusai) July 3, 2024
File:New 5000 yen banknote obverse.png File:New 5000 yen banknote reverse.png ¥5000 156 × 76 mm Purple Tsuda Umeko Wisteria flowers
File:New 10000 yen banknote obverse.png File:New 10000 yen banknote reverse.png ¥10,000 160 × 76 mm Brown Shibusawa Eiichi Tokyo Station (Marunouchi side)
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

This is the current issue. The EURion constellation pattern can be observed on the series F.

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

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  8. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  16. ↑ 一万円券、五千円券および千円券の今後の支払について：日本銀行 Template:Webarchive
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

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