Jabalia refugee camp
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The camp was established in 1948 by the United Nations to house those displaced by the 1948 Palestinian expulsion. Originally composed of tents and other temporary structures, over time the population grew and the camp developed into a densely populated urban area with multi-story buildings.
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, the camp has been under Israeli occupation along with the rest of the Gaza Strip. Due to Israeli attacks during the Gaza war, the refugee camp has been mostly destroyed.[2][3]
History
Jabalia refugee camp was established in 1948 by the United Nations to house those displaced by the 1948 Palestinian expulsion. Originally composed of tents and other temporary structures, over time the population grew and the camp developed into a densely populated urban area with multi-story buildings. Today the camp is the largest refugee camp in Palestine with a population of ~100,000.[4]
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, the camp has been under Israeli occupation along with the rest of the Gaza Strip.
The camp has been the scene of much violence in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The First Intifada in December 1987 began in Jabalia and the camp is considered by Israel to be a "Hamas stronghold". There is an extensive tunnel network beneath the camp.Template:Refn
The Al-Fakhura school shelling occurred in Jablia on January 6 2009 during the First Gaza War.
2014 Gaza War
During the 2014 Gaza War, Israeli artillery reportedly hit an UNWRA school in Jabalia Camp, killing at least 15 Palestinians sheltering there.[5] A UN spokesman stated: "Last night, children were killed as they slept next to their parents on the floor of a classroom in a UN-designated shelter in Gaza. Children killed in their sleep; this is an affront to all of us, a source of universal shame. Today the world stands disgraced."[6]
Protestors at the camp participated in the 2023 Gaza economic protests against poor economic conditions in Gaza and Hamas mismanagement.[7]
Gaza war (2023-present)
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The Jabalia refugee camp, which has been the target of multiple Israeli air strikes during the Gaza war, was struck again on 31 October.[8] The Israeli air-strike killed at least 50 Palestinians and trapped more than a hundred beneath the rubble, according to the Gaza Health Ministry.[9] The Indonesia Hospital said most casualties were women and children.[10] Gaza Interior Ministry stated the camp had been "completely destroyed," with preliminary estimates of about 400 wounded or dead.[11] IDF spokesperson Daniel Hagari confirmed that Israeli fighter jets attacked the refugee camp,[12] and stated that the attack killed a Hamas commander who led the 7 October attacks, dozens of Palestinian militants, and destroyed Palestinian tunnels.[13] Hamas said none of its commanders were present and that Israel was using these claims as an excuse for the attack.[14]
2024
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The Israeli army withdrew from the refugee camp on 6 February 2024. Al Jazeera journalist Anas al-Sharif reported that all that remained was total destruction, with one resident of the area stating there was "not a single habitable house" remaining in Jabalia.[15] On 12 May 2024, Israeli forces reportedly attacked the refugee camp again.[16] Footage allegedly showed Israel dropping bombs on the camp, and using tanks to enter it.[16] Following Israel's withdrawal from the camp in late-May 2024, as much as 70 percent of the camp was said to be in ruins.[17] The Israeli military said it destroyed over 10 kilometers of tunnels beneath Jabalia that it said the militants used.[18] Civil defence crews reportedly uncovered 120 bodies in the aftermath of the withdrawal.[19] In June 2024, Palestinian municipal authorities declared the camp a disaster area.[20] In October 2024, the Israeli military attacked the camp, killing at least 33 people and wounding 85, including children.[21]
Notable people
- Atef Abu Saif, writer
- Izzeldin Abuelaish, physician
- Mahmoud al-Mabhouh, Hamas commander
See also
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- Gaza Ghetto, a 1984 documentary film about the life of a family living in the camp
References
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- ↑ Culbertson, Shelly, Kobi Ruthenberg, Robert Lane, Nitay Lehrer, Mary E. Vaiana, and C. Ross Anthony, From Camps to Communities: Post-Conflict Shelter in Gaza. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2025. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA3486-2.html
- ↑ Culbertson, Shelly, Kobi Ruthenberg, Robert Lane, Nitay Lehrer, Mary E. Vaiana, and C. Ross Anthony, From Camps to Communities: Post-Conflict Shelter in Gaza. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2025. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA3486-2.html
- ↑ Strikes on U.N. school, crowded market kill 31 as Gaza war rages, July 30th 2014, CBS News
- ↑ UN: 'world stands disgraced' as shelter for Gaza children is shelled by Israel, 30 July 2014, The Guardian
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External links
- Jabalia, articles from UNWRA
- Jabalia camp profile
- Welcome To Jabalya R.C.
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