International Prize for Biology

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The Script error: No such module "Nihongo". is an annual award for "outstanding contribution to the advancement of research in fundamental biology." The Prize, although it is not always awarded to a biologist, is one of the most prestigious honours a natural scientist can receive. There are no restrictions on the nationality of the recipient.

Past laureates include John B. Gurdon, Motoo Kimura, Edward O. Wilson, Ernst Mayr, Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Yoshinori Ohsumi and many other great biologists in the world.

Information

File:Emperor Shōwa official portrait 1 (cropped2).jpg
Emperor Shōwa

The International Prize of Biology was created in 1985 to commemorate the 60-year reign of Emperor Shōwa of Japan and his longtime interest in and support of biology. The selection and award of the prize is managed by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The laureate is awarded a beautiful medal, 10 million yen, and an international symposium on the scientist's area of research is held in Tokyo.[1] The prize ceremony is held in the presence of Emperor of Japan.

The first International Prize for Biology was awarded to E. J. H. Corner, who was a prominent scientist in the field of systematic biology, because Emperor Shōwa was interested in and worked on this field for long time.

Criteria

The Prize is awarded in accordance with the following criteria:

  • The Prize shall be made by the Committee every year, commencing in 1985.
  • The Prize shall consist of a medal and a prize of ten million (10,000,000) yen.
  • There shall be no restrictions on the nationality of the recipient.
  • The Prize shall be awarded to an individual who, in the judgment of the members of the Committee, has made an outstanding contribution to the advancement of research in fundamental biology.
  • The specialty within the field of biology for which the Prize will be awarded shall be decided upon annually by the Committee.
  • The Committee shall be advised on suitable candidates for the Prize by a selection committee, which will consist of Japanese and overseas members.
  • The selection committee shall invite nominations of candidates from such relevant individuals and organizations at home and abroad as the selection committee may deem appropriate.
  • The selection committee shall submit to the Committee a report containing recommendations of the candidate for the Prize and supporting statement.
  • The Prize shall be presented every year. In conjunction with the ceremony, an international symposium is held in which the Prize recipient is invited to give a special lecture.

Background

File:Emperor Akihito cropped Emperor Akihito and Gene Castagnetti 20090715.jpg
Emperor Akihito

The Emperors of Japan have been famous for their special interest in science, in particular biology. Emperor Akihito has strived over many years to advance the study taxonomy of gobioid fishes.[2]

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It was a particularly charming moment when Emperor of Japan, Akihito, who has studied the taxonomy and evolution of gobioid fishes, mentioned in his congratulatory address during the award ceremony that he has used the neighbor-joining method to construct phylogenetic trees during his studies of these fishes.

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Laureates

Source: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Year Laureate Nationality Field
1985 E. J. H. Corner Script error: No such module "flag". Taxonomy or Systematic Biology
1986 Peter H. Raven Script error: No such module "flag". Systematic Biology and Taxonomy
1987 John B. Gurdon Script error: No such module "flag". Developmental Biology
1988 Motoo Kimura Script error: No such module "flag". Population Biology
1989 Eric James Denton Template:GRB Marine Biology
1990 Masakazu Konishi Script error: No such module "flag". Behavioral Biology
1991 Marshall D. Hatch Script error: No such module "flag". Functional Botany
1992 Knut Schmidt-Nielsen Script error: No such module "flag".

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Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry
1993 Edward O. Wilson Script error: No such module "flag". Ecology
1994 Ernst Mayr Script error: No such module "flag".

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Systematic Biology and Taxonomy
1995 Ian R. Gibbons Script error: No such module "flag". Cell Biology
1996 Ryuzo Yanagimachi Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Reproduction
1997 Elliot Martin Meyerowitz Script error: No such module "flag". Botany
1998 Otto Thomas Solbrig Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Biodiversity
1999 Setsuro Ebashi Script error: No such module "flag". Animal Physiology
2000 Seymour Benzer Script error: No such module "flag". Developmental Biology
2001 Harry B. Whittington Template:GRB Paleontology
2002 Masatoshi Nei Script error: No such module "flag". Evolutionary Biology
2003 Shinya Inoué Script error: No such module "flag". Cell Biology
2004 Thomas Cavalier-Smith Script error: No such module "flag". Systematic Biology and Taxonomy
2005 Nam-Hai Chua Template:GRB Structural Biology in Fine Structure, Morphology and Morphogenesis
2006 Serge Daan Script error: No such module "flag". Chronobiology
2007 David Swenson Hogness Script error: No such module "flag". Genetics
2008 David Tilman Script error: No such module "flag". Ecology
2009 Winslow Briggs Script error: No such module "flag". Botany
2010 Nancy A. Moran Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Symbiosis
2011 Eric H. Davidson Script error: No such module "flag". Developmental Biology[4]
2012 Joseph Altman Script error: No such module "flag". Neurobiology[5]
2013 Joseph Felsenstein Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Evolution[6]
2014 Peter Crane Template:GRB Biology of Biodiversity[7]
2015 Yoshinori Ohsumi Script error: No such module "flag". Cell Biology[8]
2016 Stephen P. Hubbell Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Biodiversity[9]
2017 Rita R. Colwell Script error: No such module "flag". Marine Biology[10]
2018 Andrew H. Knoll Script error: No such module "flag". Earth and Planetary Sciences
2019 Naomi Pierce Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Insects[11]
2020 Shinozaki Kazuo Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Environmental Responses[12]
2021 Timothy Douglas White Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Human Evolution[13]
2022 Tsukamoto Katsumi Script error: No such module "flag". Biology of Fishes[14]
2023 Richard M. Durbin Template:GRB Biology of Genomes[15]

See also

External links

References

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  1. ↑ About the Prize
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Nei Honored in Japan with International Prize for Biology
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Laboratory History | Neuron Development
  6. ↑ Past Recipients
  7. ↑ Dean Peter Crane Wins Prestigious International Prize for Biology
  8. ↑ Yoshinori Ohsumi Wins 2015 International Prize For Biology
  9. ↑ UCLA professor Stephen Hubbell wins International Prize for Biology
  10. ↑ UMD's Colwell Awarded 2017 International Prize for Biology
  11. ↑ The 35th (2019) International Prize for Biology is awarded to Dr. Naomi Ellen Pierce
  12. ↑ The 36th (2020) International Prize for Biology is awarded to Dr.Shinozaki Kazuo
  13. ↑ The 37th (2021) International Prize for Biology is awarded to Dr. Timothy Douglas White
  14. ↑ The 38th (2022) International Prize for Biology is awarded to Dr. Tsukamoto Katsumi
  15. ↑ The 39th (2023) International Prize for Biology is awarded to Dr. Richard M. Durbin

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