Hyginus Gromaticus

Template:Short description Hyginus, usually distinguished as Hyginus Gromaticus, was a Latin writer on land-surveying, who flourished in the reign of Trajan (AD 98–117). Fragments of a work on boundaries attributed to him are found in Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum, a collection of works on land surveying compiled in Late Antiquity.

Name

The cognomen means "agrimensor" or "surveyor" and derives from , one of their common tools in antiquity. Its application to Hyginus derives from the , whose copy of the reads in part [] ("The establishment of Kyginus the Surveyor explains well..."). Other manuscripts of the text like the Palatinus Vatic. Lat. 1564 have instead ("The book of Hyginus on surveying explains..."), in which the adjective is grammatically attached to the book rather than the author. For this reason, some scholars like Brian Campbell avoid the epithet and instead call him simply Hyginus or Hyginus 1 (to distinguish him from another Hyginus whose work appears in the same text).

Works

Hyginus was probably active around the year 100.

His only extant work is [] ("On the Establishment [of Boundaries]") in the ("Body of Roman Surveying"), a collection compiled in Late Antiquity. is preserved only in a corrupt text, but its contents include important evidence on the Latin reception of Greek astronomical and mathematical texts. Notably, in his discussion of the establishment of the and Template:Mdashthe main eastTemplate:Ndashwest and northTemplate:Ndashsouth thoroughfares in most Roman townsTemplate:MdashHyginus is decidedly in favour of the construction of the using a gnomon (sundial) and compares this method with other less precise methods such as using the location of sunrise and sunset. The text has some connection with a passage included in Bubnov's ("Geometric Works of Unknown Authors"). Editions of the work appear in C. F. Lachmann's , Vol. I (1848), Carl Olof Thulin's , Vol. I (1913), and Brian Campbell's Writings of the Roman Land Surveyors (2000).

Another work by Hyginus, ("Surveying Book on the Division of Fields") is transmitted only as a title and might be the same as .

A treatise on Roman military camps () was formerly attributed to this Hyginus, but it was probably composed later, around the 3rd century and is thus now attributed to "Pseudo-Hyginus".

Bibliography

• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: '
• F. Blume, K. Lachmann, K. Rudorff (ed.): Gromatici veteres. Die Schriften der römischen Feldmesser. 2 Volumes. Berlin 1848–52, pp. 166–208. (online)
• N. Bubnov: Gerberti postea Silvestri II papae Opera mathematica (972-1003). Berlin 1899. (Reprint: Hildesheim 2005). (online)
• B. Campbell. The writings of the Roman land surveyors. Introduction, translation and commentary (= Journal of the Roman Studies Monographs. 9). London 2000.
• M. Clavel-Lévêque, D. Conso, A. Gonzales, J.-Y. Guillaumin et al. Corpus Agrimensorum Romanorum V. Hygin, L'Œuvre gromatique. Luxembourg 2000. (online)
• J.-Y. Guillaumin. Les arpenteurs romains. Tome 1: Hygin le Gromatique, Frontin. (= Les belles Lettres 1, Collection des universités de France Série latine). Paris 2005.
• J-O. Lindermann, E. Knobloch, C. Möller. Hyginus – Das Feldmesserbuch. Ein Meisterwerk der spätantiken Buchkunst. Herausgegeben, übersetzt und mit Kommentaren versehen, Darmstadt 2018 (edition with German translation and commentary).
• J.-O. Lindermann. Hygini liber gromaticus de limitibus constituendis. Historisch-kritische Edition und Erläuterungen. Darmstadt 2022 (critical edition).