Helen Parkhurst
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Early life and education
Born in Durand, Wisconsin, she graduated from Wisconsin State Teachers College at River Falls[3] in 1907, studied at the universities of Rome and Munich as well as with Maria Montessori[4] and was awarded her M.A. in 1943 from Yale University. She taught briefly in Wisconsin, moved to Tacoma, Washington, in 1909, and returned to Wisconsin as the director of the department for the training of primary teachers at Stevens Point Normal School from 1913 until 1915.[5] For a time, Parkhurst served as director of all Montessori schools in the United States.[6]
Career
In 1920 she gained a disciple when college founder Belle Rennie visited from the UK. Rennie became an evangelist for the approach and she created the Dalton Association in Britain.[7]
After further work with Montessori in Rome, Parkhurst wrote several books like Education on the Dalton Plan (1922), Work Rhythms in Education (1935), Exploring the Child's World (1951), Growing Pains (1962) and Undertow (1963) and had her own national radio and television programs.[8] Parkhurst hosted Child's World, a children's educational program on ABC Radio Network in New York City.[9] In 1932 Belle Rennie published The Triumph of the Dalton Plan with the British educational psychologist Charles William Kimmins.[10]
Parkhurst was a 1948 recipient of a Radio - Television Critics Award and a 1949 recipient of the 13th American Exhibition of Educational Radio Programs Award.
Parkhurst was the author of Education on the Dalton Plan, which was published in 58 languages; Exploring the Child's World, with an introduction by Aldous Huxley, and Growing Pains, a book about teenagers. Parkhurst was named one of the 100 Educators of All Time. Parkhurst was decorated by the Queen of Italy, Empress of Japan, and Queen of the Netherlands. Maria Montessori best summarized Parkhurst's career by stating, "Her intelligent activity is truly rare and precious." Eleanor Roosevelt greatly admired Parkhurst's work and played a significant role in expanding the population and resources of her school.[11]
Legacy
Parkhurst's influence has spread across the globe, with schools in the Netherlands, England, Australia, Japan and others adopting the Dalton Plan of education. The Helen Parkhurst Exhibit at the Pepin County Museum traces the life and legacy of Parkhurst. There is a "Helen Parkhurst Dalton School" in Rotterdam and a Parkhurst Lecture Hall at UW-Stevens Point.
References
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- ↑ Gutek, Gerald L., Gutek, Patricia A. (2020) America's Early Montessorians: Anne George, Margaret Naumburg, Helen Parkhurst and Adelia Pyle. Springer Nature. p. 6. Template:ISBN
- ↑ Helen Parkhurst Papers, 1914-1983 and undated. Collection 5. Nelis R. Kampenga University Archives. University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point.
- ↑ Encyclopedia of Women's History in America, pg. 199
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