Haplology

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Distinguish". Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists Haplology (from Greek Template:Wikt-lang Template:Grc-tr "simple" and Template:Wikt-lang Template:Grc-tr, "speech") is, in spoken language, the elision (elimination or deletion) of an entire syllable or a part of it through dissimilation (a differentiating shift that affects two neighboring similar sounds). The phenomenon was identified by American philologist Maurice Bloomfield in the 20th century.[1] Linguists sometimes jokingly refer to the phenomenon as "haplogy", an autology.[2] As a general rule, haplology occurs in English adverbs of adjectives ending in "le", for example gentlely → gently; ablely → ably.

Examples

  • Basque: Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". ('apple cider')
  • German: Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". (female 'wizard' or 'magician'; male: der Zauberer; female ending -in); this is a productive pattern applied to other words ending in (spelt) -erer.
  • Dutch: Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". ('narcissism')
  • French: Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". ('femininity')
  • English:
    • Old English Script error: No such module "Lang". → Engle lond → England (expected form would be *Engelland) [1]
    • Old English cyning → English king (expected form would be *kinning)
    • morphophonology → morphonology[3]
    • conservativism → conservatism
    • mononomial → monomial
    • urine analysis → urinalysis
    • Colloquial (non-standard and eye dialect spellings signalled by #):
      • library (RP: Script error: No such module "IPA".) → #libry Script error: No such module "IPA".
      • particularly → #particuly
      • probably → #probly
      • February → #Febury, #Febuary or #Febr(u)y (compare e.g. Austrian German Template:Wikt-lang)
      • representative → #representive
      • authoritative → #authoritive
      • deteriorate → #deteriate
  • Latin:
    • Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". ('nurse')
    • Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". (hence idolatry)
  • Biological Latin:
  • Homeric Greek:
    • Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) → Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) ('two-handled pitcher, amphora')[5]
    • Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) → Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) ('black with clouds')[6]
  • Arabic:
    • Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) → Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) ('you are fighting each other')[7]
    • Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) → Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) ('I eat')
  • Spanish: Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". ('lack of modesty', i.e. the nominal form of Script error: No such module "Lang"., 'immodest')[8]
  • Portuguese:
    • Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". (aged person, senior)
    • Script error: No such module "Lang". → Script error: No such module "Lang". (feminism)
    • Colloquially in sequences like campo pequeno pronounced like "campequeno" or faculdade de letras pronounced like "faculdadletras".
  • Italian:
    • tragico-comico → tragicomico ('tragicomic')
    • domani mattina → domattina ('tomorrow morning')

Reduplication

The reverse process is known as reduplication, the doubling of phonological material.

See also

Notes

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Reprinted as: Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Translated from the German (Grundzüge der Phonologie, Prague, 1939).
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

References

  • Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.
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