Haplogroup L5

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Haplogroup L5 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clade. It was previously known as L1e.

Distribution

L5 is a small haplogroup centered in East Africa. The highest frequency is in Mbuti Pygmies from Eastern Central Africa at 15%.^[1] It is present in relatively small frequencies in Tanzania (Sandawe and others), Kenya, Chad, Ethiopia, Sudan, Nubia, Egypt^[2]^{[Note 1]} and Saudi Arabia.^[3]

Haplogroup L5 has been observed among specimens at the island cemetery in Kulubnarti, Sudan, which date from the Early Christian period (AD 550–800).^[4]

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L5 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation^[5] and subsequent published research.

Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA)
- L1-6
  - L2-6
    - L5
      - L5a
        L5a1
        L5a1a
        
        L5a1b
        
        L5a1c
        
        L5a2
      - L5c
        L5c1
        
        L5c2

References

↑ Sarah A. Tishkoff et al. 2007, History of Click-Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome Genetic Variation. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2007 24(10):2180-2195
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↑ Abu-Amero et al. 2008 February. "Mitochondrial DNA structure in the Arabian Peninsula", BMC Evolutionary Biology. 8(45): 52.
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