Hans Waldmann (fighter pilot)

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Hans Peter Waldmann (24 September 1922 – 18 March 1945) was a German Luftwaffe (Air Force) fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Waldmann received the award after he had shot down 85 enemy aircraft. In total, he was credited with 134 aerial victories accumulated in 527 combat missions.

Born in Braunschweig, Waldmann volunteered for service in the Luftwaffe in 1940. After training at various pilot and fighter-pilot schools, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing), operating on the Eastern Front, in August 1942. Here Waldmann fought in the aerial battles over Stalingrad, the Caucasus, the Black Sea, and the Crimea. He was credited with 84 aerial victories before briefly being transferred to the Western Front, where he was credited with one aerial victory. Back on the Eastern Front, Waldmann accumulated further victories, bringing his score to 125 victories by end of May 1944. He then fought in the skies over France after the Western Allied Invasion of Normandy, claiming seven aerial victories, before converting to the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter in late 1944. Flying the Me 262, Waldmann shot down two North American P-51 Mustangs on 22 February 1945 before being killed in a mid-air collision with one of his squadron members on 18 March 1945 near Schwarzenbek, Holstein.

Childhood, education and early career

Waldmann was born in Braunschweig in the Free State of Brunswick on 24 September 1922. He was the second son of Ludwig Waldmann, a bank manager, and his wife Maria. Waldmann had an older brother Paul.Template:Sfn In 1928 he attended the Volksschule, a primary school, in the Comenius-Street.[Tr 1] Over Easter in 1932 he transferred to the humanities-oriented secondary school Wilhelm-Gymnasium.Template:Sfn

File:Jungmann at Old Warden.jpg
Bücker Bü 131 "Jungmann"

In 1938, Waldmann applied for a career as an officer in the Luftwaffe for the first time. Travelling to Berlin, he was deemed suitable but at the age of 16 was too young to volunteer for military service.Template:Sfn After the outbreak of World War II, while still at school, Waldmann and his fellow students were forced into compulsory labour service (Reichsarbeitsdienst). Waldmann was assigned to the Brunswick Mechanical Engineering Institute.[Tr 2] Since Waldmann had intended to study aircraft construction after his military service, he was reassigned to the Institute of Aeronautical Metrology and Flight Meteorology at the Braunschweig-Waggum airfield under the leadership of Prof. Dr. Heinrich Koppe.Template:Sfn[Tr 3]

At the end of March 1940, Waldmann graduated from school with his Abitur (diploma).Template:Sfn After this he was accepted into the Luftwaffe, two years after his initial application. Commencing in July 1940, he undertook 12 weeks of basic military training with Fliegerausbildungsregiment 72 (72nd Flight Training Regiment) at Fels am Wagram in Austria.Template:Sfn Upon completion, Waldmann was transferred to the Flugzeugführerschule A/B 72 (flight school for the pilot license) at Markersdorf near Sankt Pölten in early October 1940.Template:Refn Eight days later his training group returned to Fels am Wagram because Markersdorf was overcrowded with other flight courses. Thus flight training started on the improvised airfield without hangars at Fels am Wagram. His first familiarisation flight was on 16 October 1940, in a Bücker Bü 131 "Jungmann" biplane marked "VTAF".Template:Sfn Waldmann logged his first solo flight on 13 November 1940 at 09:17 in a Bü 131 "CGNL", landing again after six minutes of flight time.Template:Sfn His training group returned to Markersdorf in February 1941.Template:Sfn From here, he conducted his first cross-country flights on the Bü 131 "Jungmann" as well as the Focke-Wulf Fw 44 "Stieglitz". The majority of the cross-country flights were flown on the Gotha Go 145. From 4 April to 28 April 1941 he made the round trip from Markersdorf to Pocking, Nürnberg, Ettingshausen, Ingolstadt, Zwickau, Hildesheim, Braunschweig, Mannheim, Karlsruhe, Delmenhorst, Halberstadt and Fürth. At Ettingshausen he received instruction in formation flying and aerobatics.Template:Sfn

By August 1941 Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, had been underway for two months, and after completing his A/B flight training at Markersdorf Waldmann was transferred to the Jagdfliegerschule 6 (6th Fighter Pilot School) at Lachen-Speyerdorf near Neustadt an der Weinstraße.Template:Sfn He completed the final phase of his fighter pilot training in Gleiwitz, Upper Silesia, from 3 June to 17 August 1942, before transferring to the front.Template:Sfn

World War II

File:JG52-Emblem.jpg
Jagdgeschwader 52 Emblem

Holding the rank of Unteroffizier, a non-commissioned officer similar in rank to sergeant, on 20 August 1942 Waldmann was tasked with shuttling new Messerschmitt Bf 109Gs from a factory at Krakau to units on the Eastern Front. Along with six other newly trained pilots, he reached Lemberg where the group was scheduled for a stop over. Bad weather closed in and Waldmann was the only one to take off before the group was grounded. Getting away at 17:55, he headed for Proskuriv. The next day he continued his journey to Uman, Script error: No such module "convert". south of Kiev in Ukraine. For the next few days, he was sent back and forth until he finally reached the II. Gruppe (2nd group) of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) at Tusow, operating in the combat area of Stalingrad.Template:Sfn[Note 1]

On arrival, Waldmann was approached by Hauptmann (Captain) Johannes Steinhoff and asked whether he would like to fly as his wingman. Waldmann then conducted six familiarisation flights on the "Gustav", as the Bf 109 G-2 was referred to, on 30 August 1942. Flying a Bf 109 marked with a black "Chevron-2", indicating an aircraft of the Stab, he flew his first combat mission on 31 August 1942 in the vicinity of Stalingrad. Steinhoff was impressed by his first performance. At the time, Waldmann was still officially assigned to a transfer squadron, but Steinhoff decided to keep him in his Stabs-Schwarm, flight of four.Template:Sfn Here his comrades nicknamed Waldmann "Dackel", an allusion to his last name. In German, a "Dackel", or Dachshund, is often named Waldi, a hypocoristic form of Waldmann.Template:Sfn

War against the Soviet Union

In September 1942, II. Gruppe was ordered into the Battle of the Caucasus, supporting Army Group South on the front over the Caucasus. Opposing it was the 4th and 5th Air Armies of the Red Air Force.Template:Sfn The Gruppe reached an airfield named Gonschtakowka located north-northeast of Mozdok on the Terek on 6 September.Template:Sfn There, Waldmann claimed his first aerial victory over a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighter.Template:Sfn

On 25 September, Waldmann's Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummer 13650—factory number) sustained minor damage in combat, resulting in a forced landing at Maikop.Template:Sfn On 17 April 1943, Waldmann received the German Cross in Gold (Script error: No such module "Lang".).Template:Sfn He made another forced landing on 7 May, this time due to engine failure of his Bf 109 G-4 at Taman.Template:Sfn After 84 victories on 1 September 1943, Waldmann was promoted to Leutnant (second lieutenant) and assigned to Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe Ost (Supplementary Fighter Group East). Here he was credited with the destruction of a B-17 Flying Fortress on 5 January 1944. This victory, his 85th, was actually a separation-shot—a severely damaged heavy bomber forced to separate from his combat box—which counted as an aerial victory.[Tr 4] Waldmann had attacked a 28-aircraft bomber formation and severely damaged the B-17. The aerial-victory commission of Luftflotte 3 also credited the Flak-Regiment 45 of 12th Flak Brigade with this victory. Following this aerial victory, he received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Script error: No such module "Lang".) on 5 February 1944.Template:Sfn The presentation of the award was announced by the Greater German Radio—the official radio station of the Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda—on the evening of 20 February 1944.Template:Sfn[Tr 5]

In late February 1944 Waldmann was sent back to the Crimean peninsula on the Eastern Front, where he took command of 4./JG 52 (4th Squadron of the 52nd Fighter Wing) as its Staffelkapitän (squadron leader).Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn He succeeded Oberleutnant Heinrich Sturm who had been wounded by bomb debris in an attack on the airfield at Chersonesus at Sevastopol on 16 April.Template:Sfn He continued his success, claiming eight aerial victories in March, and 16 in April of which eight were claimed from 5–12 April.Template:Sfn On 11 April 1944, he claimed three aerial victories.Template:Sfn He was the 70th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.Template:Sfn On 4 May 1944, 15 Bf 109s from II. Gruppe intercepted 24 Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft from 8 GShAP (8th Guards Ground-attack Aviation Regiment) and 47 GShAP (47th Ground-attack Aviation Regiment), escorted by 23 fighter aircraft, over the Black Sea. In this encounter, pilots from II. Gruppe claimed six aerial victories, including an Il-2 and a Yakovlev Yak-7 by Waldmann, without sustaining any losses. However, Soviet records only document the loss of three Il-2 and one Yakovlev Yak-9 fighter.Template:Sfn

Waldmann became an "ace-in-a-day" on 7 May 1944, claiming six aerial victories over the Sevastopol combat area.Template:Sfn Two Staffeln (squadrons) of the II./JG 52 were transferred to Huși at the Prut River on 27 May 1944.Template:Sfn Here Waldmann claimed his final four victories on the Eastern Front, taking his total to 125 aerial victories claimed.Template:Sfn On 1 June, Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) Major Gerhard Barkhorn was ordered to transfer one Staffel to the west in Defence of the Reich. Barkhorn selected Waldmann's 4. Staffel which was officially assigned to the II./Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing). There, the Staffel was later renamed and became the 8. Staffel of JG 3.Template:Sfn At the time, II./JG 3 was under the command of Hauptmann Hans-Ekkehard Bob, and later by Hauptmann Herbert Kutscha.Template:Sfn

Invasion of Normandy

The Invasion of Normandy, which started on the early morning of 6 June 1944, was in full swing by the time Waldmann's Staffel arrived in France in early July. The Western Allies were already breaking out of Normandy in what was codenamed Operation Cobra. II./JG 3 "Udet" (2nd Group of the 3rd Fighter Wing) was stationed at Nogent-le-Roi, roughly Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of Paris.Template:Sfn The Gruppe was tasked with ground support missions. In one of these missions against the Allied invasion forces, Waldmann claimed to have damaged a P-51 Mustang on 31 July 1944.Template:Sfn He was credited with the destruction of numerous trucks during ground support missions over the period of 2–5 August 1944.Template:Sfn

Waldmann claimed his first aerial victory in the west, his 126th in total, over a B-24 Liberator on 6 August 1944.Template:Sfn Waldmann had taken off at 11:43 on a free-fighter sweep mission against heavy bombers. His unit spotted a formation of B-24s after 45 minutes flying time.Template:Sfn Waldmann attacked and with his first pass at an altitude of Script error: No such module "convert". had hit one of the B-24 between the two starboard engines, which immediately set the bomber on fire. The B-24 was observed to crash Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of Méry.Template:Sfn His final tally for August was seven Allied planes, including the B-24, one Auster on 7 August, and five P-47 Thunderbolts (two on 14 August, two on 18 August and one on 19 August).Template:Sfn This took his total to 132 aerial victory claims.Template:Sfn

Flying the Messerschmitt Me 262 and death

On 25 November 1944, II. Gruppe was detached from JG 3. The Gruppe was converted to fly the Messerschmitt Me 262 "Stormbird" jet fighter and became the I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 7 (JG 7—7th Fighter Wing), the first operational jet fighter wing. Conversion training was held at Landsberg-Lech Airfield and Kaltenkirchen in December 1944. The pilots first learned to fly the Siebel Si 204 and Messerschmitt Bf 110 to familiarize themselves with the characteristics of a twin-engine aircraft.Template:Sfn In consequence, Waldmann was transferred to 3./JG 7, now flying the "Stormbird", as its Staffelführer (squadron leader on probation).Template:Sfn

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 141-2497, Flugzeug Me 262A auf Flugplatz.jpg
Me 262 A, circa 1944

Together with his wingman‚ Oberfähnrich Günter Schrey, Waldmann took off at 11:39 on 22 February 1945 from Oranienburg on an offensive counter-air mission against inbound Allied heavy bombers.[Tr 6] The Anglo-American attack was codenamed Operation Clarion. About 20 minutes into the flight, roughly Script error: No such module "convert". west of Berlin, they spotted an American P-51 Mustang flying at Script error: No such module "convert".. Closing fast, Waldmann shot down the Mustang at 12:02 before proceeding west for Magdeburg. Near Oschersleben they spotted another Mustang at Script error: No such module "convert".. Waldmann shot it down at 12:17, achieving his 134th and final aerial victory. The Mustang was observed crashing into a forest Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of the Brocken, the highest peak of the Harz mountain range.Template:SfnTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn

On Sunday, 18 March 1945, the lower cloud ceiling at Kaltenkirchen was less than Script error: No such module "convert". and most of the time between Script error: No such module "convert"., while the upper cloud ceiling was at Script error: No such module "convert"., rendering flight conditions outside the official operational specification for the Me 262. The jet was not fully cleared for instrument flight, mandating a lower cloud ceiling of more than Script error: No such module "convert".. Major Erich Rudorffer, Gruppenkommandeur of the I./JG 7, was attending a meeting at the Luftgaukommando in Hamburg-Blankenese, when Oberleutnant Hans Grünberg, the most senior officer on duty and Staffelkapitän of the 1st Staffel, received the order from Major Richter, the Ia (operations officer), to engage inbound heavy bombers. Grünberg initially argued that weather conditions prohibited a safe takeoff but Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring intervened and ordered the jets to engage the enemy.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn

The order resulted in the death of both Waldmann and his wingman Schrey on the following mission. Waldmann was killed following a mid-air collision with Leutnant Hans-Dieter Weihs shortly after takeoff, and Schrey was killed in combat with US fighters. Mindful of the direct order of the Reichsmarschall, Oberleutnant Grünberg (1st Staffel), Oberleutnant Fritz Stehle (2nd Staffel) and Waldmann (3rd Staffel) had decided that each of them would lead a flight of four Me 262s, taking off and flying around for an hour before returning without trying to engage the enemy. Grünberg's Schwarm took off first followed by Stehle's Schwarm.Template:Sfn Waldmann chose Weihs, as the most experienced pilot trained in instrument flight, to lead the Schwarm, while Schrey once again served as Waldmann's wingman. Waldmann's Me 262 A-1 "Yellow 3" (Werknummer 117097—factory number) took off at 12:24 and Weihs ordered the Schwarm to form a close formation, flying wing tip to wing tip.Template:Sfn

Only three Me 262s took off; Flieger Gerhard Reiher's Me 262 had experienced engine failure. Four minutes into the flight, having travelled roughly Script error: No such module "convert". and flying at less than Script error: No such module "convert". above the ground, Weihs' aircraft experienced a heavy blow from below after Waldmann collided with him. His jet in an unrecoverable spin, Weihs bailed out and came down near the Hamburg-Berlin railroad tracks. The airfield at Kaltenkirchen was immediately informed. Waldmann and Schrey were initially believed missing. Waldmann's body was recovered the next day near Schwarzenbek, roughly Script error: No such module "convert". away from the crash site of his Me 262. Apparently he had managed to bail out but failed to deploy his parachute in time, although the injuries sustained during the crash with Weihs' aircraft may have already been fatal as the recovery party found Waldmann with his upper forehead smashed.Template:Sfn Schrey was also found dead. He had bailed out with his parachute, but his body was found riddled by machine-gun bullets.Template:Sfn

The airmen were buried with full military honours, including a Me 262 flypast, at the cemetery in Kaltenkirchen.Template:Sfn Waldmann's successor as Staffelkapitän, Oberleutnant Walter Wagner, accompanied Waldmann's mother from Braunschweig to Kaltenkirchen for the funeral. A number of wreaths were laid on his grave, the largest sent by the Reichsmarschall.Template:Sfn Waldmann was recommended for the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross, but the recommendation was either not approved or not finalized before the end of the war.Template:Sfn

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Waldmann was credited with 134 aerial victories.Template:Sfn Authors Bracke and Obermaier also list Waldmann with 134 aerial victories, claimed in 527 combat missions, 10 on the Western Front and 124 on the Eastern Front. His tally on the Eastern Front includes five bombers, 86 fighters and 33 Il-2 Sturmovik ground-attack aircraft. On the Western Front he claimed seven fighters, two four-engined bombers and one observation aircraft. He also flew a number of ground attack missions, destroying 33 various vehicles and eight heavy transports.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 131 aerial victory claims, plus seven further unconfirmed claims. This figure of confirmed claims includes 121 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and 10 on the Western Front, including two four-engined bombers and two victories with the Me 262 jet fighter.Template:Sfn

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 28472". The Luftwaffe grid map (Script error: No such module "Lang".) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Script error: No such module "convert".. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Script error: No such module "convert". in size.Template:Sfn

Chronicle of aerial victoriesTemplate:Sfn
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  This and the ♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Waldmann an ace-in-a-day, a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  This and the – (dash) indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Waldmann did not receive credit.
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  This along with the * (asterisk) indicates an Herausschuss (separation shot)—a severely damaged heavy bomber forced to separate from his combat box which was counted as an aerial victory.
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Barbas, Bracke, Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
Claim Date Time Type Location Mission Claim Date Time Type Location Mission
– II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Template:Sfn
1 7 September 1942 08:18 LaGG-3 Script error: No such module "convert". north of MakowkinTemplate:Sfn 6 13 30 November 1942 13:10 Il-2 Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of UsawijnskijTemplate:Sfn 75
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
7 September 1942
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
I-153Template:Sfn 14 1 December 1942 09:04 P-40 PQ 39271, eastern bank of Don RiverTemplate:Sfn 76
2 9 September 1942 14:09 LaGG-3 Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of MakowkinTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Malgobek
10 15 2 December 1942 12:17 Il-2 Script error: No such module "convert". west of JelschankaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Stalingrad
77
3 10 September 1942 14:06 LaGG-3 Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of WosnessnokajaTemplate:Sfn 11 16 8 December 1942 09:46 Yak-1 Script error: No such module "convert". north of Nowy JereskijTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". north of Shutow
78
4 16 September 1942 16:21 LaGG-3 Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of KalinowskajaTemplate:Sfn 19 17 8 December 1942 09:59 P-40 PQ 39491, Nowy-KutTemplate:Sfn 78
5 18 September 1942 14:15 I-153 Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of KalinowskajaTemplate:Sfn 21
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
8 December 1942
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Yak-1 vicinity of Stalingrad
6 25 September 1942 14:15 LaGG-3 PQ 95763, TuapseTemplate:Sfn 28
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
17 December 1942
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
P-40 vicinity of Kotelnikovo
7 22 October 1942 10:00 I-153 Script error: No such module "convert". north of MaikopTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". north of Tuapse
46 18 18 December 1942 10:34 Yak-1 Script error: No such module "convert". east of GromoslawkaTemplate:Sfn 90
8 30 October 1942 12:35 Yak-1 Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of LazarevskoyeTemplate:Sfn 55 19 19 December 1942 13:16 La-5 Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of Haltepunkt 55Template:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Stalingrad
92
9 2 November 1942 11:57 LaGG-3 Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of LazarevskoyeTemplate:Sfn 58 20 22 December 1942 10:50 La-5 Script error: No such module "convert". north of VasilyevkaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". north of Shutow
95
10 3 November 1942 11:30 Pe-2 Script error: No such module "convert". west of SochiTemplate:Sfn 60 21 28 December 1942 12:57 La-5 Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of KotelnikovoTemplate:Sfn 99
11 12 November 1942 14:10 I-153 Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of IntjukTemplate:Sfn 64 22 14 January 1943 14:32 Il-2 PQ 17263, DomskojeTemplate:Sfn 108
12 28 November 1942 12:05 Il-2 Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of AleksejewaTemplate:Sfn
south of Bassargeno
73 23 25 January 1943 11:52 La-5 PQ 08681, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of SsaraiskiTemplate:Sfn 111
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Template:Sfn
24 11 February 1943 08:05 I-16 PQ 34 Ost 7542, Script error: No such module "convert". south of NovorossiyskTemplate:Sfn 118 55 11 July 1943 12:00 Boston PQ 34 Ost 75492, Script error: No such module "convert". west of GelendzhikTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". west of Gelendzhik
256
25 12 February 1943 05:59 I-153 PQ 34 Ost 75424, Script error: No such module "convert". east of NovorossiyskTemplate:Sfn 120 56 21 July 1943 09:58 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76832, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of AnastasiewskajaTemplate:Sfn 280
26 12 February 1943 10:06 I-153 PQ 34 Ost 85273, Script error: No such module "convert". south of IljskajaTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Derbentskaja
121 57 21 July 1943 16:30 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 65261, Script error: No such module "convert". west of AnapaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, west of Anapa
282
27 12 February 1943 10:09 I-153 PQ 34 Ost 85452, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of IljskajaTemplate:Sfn 121 58 22 July 1943 10:03 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76894, Script error: No such module "convert". west of KijewskojeTemplate:Sfn 283
28 12 February 1943 14:36 I-153 PQ 34 Ost 85454, KobylinTemplate:Sfn 122 59 22 July 1943 16:24 Il-2 PQ 34 Ost 76894, Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of KrymskajaTemplate:Sfn 285
29 13 February 1943 08:35?Template:Refn I-153 PQ 34 Ost 85171, Script error: No such module "convert". east of KrymskajaTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Usun
123 60 26 July 1943 06:16 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75114, Script error: No such module "convert". west of AnapaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". west-northwest of Anapa
290
30 19 February 1943 12:15 Yak-4 PQ 34 Ost 85373, Script error: No such module "convert". south of GelendzhikTemplate:Sfn 133 61 26 July 1943 06:31 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75392, Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of Cape UtrishTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, southeast of Anapa
290
31 22 February 1943 11:05 I-153 PQ 34 Ost 75224, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of KrymskajaTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Gretschesk
138 62 30 July 1943 06:32 Il-2 m.H.Template:Refn PQ 34 Ost 75234, Script error: No such module "convert". east of MoldowanskajaTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Kraskj-Oktjabrj
299
32 25 February 1943 14:58 Il-2 PQ 34 Ost 86761, Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of FedorovskajaTemplate:Sfn 143 63 4 August 1943 11:32 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 35 Ost 61451, Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of BelgorodTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of Belgorod
312
33 1 March 1943 15:15 LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 76814, Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of KutschanskajaTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Kraskj-Oktjabrj
149 64 4 August 1943 13:47 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 61274, Script error: No such module "convert". north of BelgorodTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". north-northeast of Belgorod
313
34 29 April 1943 13:26?Template:Refn Il-2 PQ 34 Ost 85142, Script error: No such module "convert". south of MingrelskajaTemplate:Sfn 151 65 4 August 1943 14:00 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 61593, Script error: No such module "convert". south of ShorawtowkaTemplate:Sfn 313
35 30 April 1943 17:22 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 75432, Script error: No such module "convert". east of NovorossiyskTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Achonk
153 66 4 August 1943 17:18 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 61333, Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of BelgorodTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". north of Tomarowka
314
36 30 April 1943 17:28 LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 85171, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of AbinskyTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Usun
153 67 5 August 1943 06:56?Template:Refn Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 61382, Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of OrlovkaTemplate:Sfn 317
37 3 May 1943 08:25?Template:Refn P-39 PQ 34 Ost 85143, Script error: No such module "convert". west of AbinskyTemplate:Sfn
southeast of Krymsk
158 68 6 August 1943 10:35 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 61524, Script error: No such module "convert". east of SchtschetinowskajaTemplate:Sfn 323
38 3 May 1943 17:02 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75164, Script error: No such module "convert". south of KrymskajaTemplate:Sfn 159 69 6 August 1943 10:52 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 61443, Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of BelgorodTemplate:Sfn 323
39 4 May 1943 15:08?Template:Refn Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75273, Script error: No such module "convert". west of NovorossiyskTemplate:Sfn 161 70 7 August 1943 09:12?Template:Refn La-5 PQ 35 Ost 61594, Script error: No such module "convert". east of MikojanowkaTemplate:Sfn 324
40 7 May 1943 07:49 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75291, NeberdshajewskajaTemplate:Sfn 165 71 7 August 1943 15:12 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 35 Ost 61473, Script error: No such module "convert". west of TawrowoTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Belograd
325
41 8 May 1943 07:00 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75434, Script error: No such module "convert". north of KarbardinkaTemplate:Sfn 167 72 8 August 1943 08:18 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 61562, Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of KawaraowijaTemplate:Sfn 327
42 9 May 1943 08:46 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75431, Script error: No such module "convert". east of NovorossiyskTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of Novorossiysk
169 73 8 August 1943 08:21 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 61534, Script error: No such module "convert". south of SchepilinskijTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Schepilinski
327
43 24 May 1943 09:58 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 65431, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of AnapaTemplate:Sfn 196 74 8 August 1943 18:21 Boston Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of KrassnopawlowkaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". north of Krassnopawlowka
329
44 26 May 1943 10:11 LaGG-3 Script error: No such module "convert". west of KijewskojeTemplate:Sfn 202 75 10 August 1943 08:56 Pe-2 PQ 35 Ost 61572, Script error: No such module "convert". east of SoloschewTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". east of Zolochev
335
45 26 May 1943 11:17 Spitfire PQ 34 Ost 75233, KijewskojeTemplate:Sfn
west of Krymsk
203 76 12 August 1943 11:27 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 51543, Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of AchtyrskajaTemplate:Sfn 339
46 28 May 1943 10:46 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 86744, Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of TroitzkajaTemplate:Sfn 207 77 13 August 1943 18:39 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 41492, Script error: No such module "convert". south of BoromlijeTemplate:Sfn 344
47 30 May 1943 07:32 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 34 Ost 75114, Script error: No such module "convert". west of AnapaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". west-northwest of Anapa
211 78 14 August 1943 10:40 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 51153, Script error: No such module "convert". south of MiropolijeTemplate:Sfn 346
48 30 May 1943 07:36 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 34 Ost 75171, Script error: No such module "convert". west of AnapaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, southwest of Anapa
211 79 20 August 1943 05:50 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 51713, Script error: No such module "convert". south of IwanowkaTemplate:Sfn 357
49 3 June 1943 08:24 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 85113, KrymskajaTemplate:Sfn
east of Krymsk
222 80 20 August 1943 05:55?Template:Refn Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 51771, Script error: No such module "convert". west of Krassno-KutTemplate:Sfn 357
50 6 June 1943 08:07 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75262, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of KrymskajaTemplate:Sfn
south of Krymsk
227 81 21 August 1943 13:28?Template:Refn Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 35 Ost 51541, Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of AchtyrskajaTemplate:Sfn 363
51 6 June 1943 08:16 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 85144, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of AbinskyTemplate:Sfn 227 82 24 August 1943 12:38 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 34 Ost 88422, Script error: No such module "convert". west of GustavfeldTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Jalisawehino
368
52 8 June 1943 12:08 LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 75173, Script error: No such module "convert". west of AnapaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, southwest of Anapa
229 83 24 August 1943 15:12 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 34 Ost 88263, Script error: No such module "convert". west of KnitschewoTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". east of Marinowka
369
53 8 June 1943 12:13 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75393, Script error: No such module "convert". west of AnapaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, southeast of Anapa
229 84 30 August 1943 14:44 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 34 Ost 88463, Script error: No such module "convert". north of MakeyevkaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south-southeast of Jalisawehino
383
54 25 June 1943 08:24 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] PQ 34 Ost 75461, Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of KabardinkaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". west of Kabardinka
241
– 2. Staffel of Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe OstTemplate:Sfn
85* 5 January 1944 10:35 Flying Fortress France 385
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Template:Sfn
86 2 March 1944 13:59?Template:Refn Yak-7 east of Cape TarchanTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Cape Tarchan
389 99 11 April 1944 10:46 Yak-7 northeast of DzhankoyTemplate:Sfn 424
87?Template:Refn 13 March 1944 08:42 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] east of FeodosiaTemplate:Sfn 395 100 11 April 1944 10:54 Yak-7 south of DzhankoyTemplate:Sfn 424
88 13 March 1944 08:45 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] southeast of FeodosiaTemplate:Sfn 395 101 12 April 1944 10:53 Yak-7 north-northeast of SarabusTemplate:Sfn 426
89 13 March 1944 10:24 Boston Lake TschokrakTemplate:Sfn 396 102 13 April 1944 08:29 Yak-7 north of VasilkovTemplate:Sfn 430
90 17 March 1944 09:14 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] southeast of FeodosiaTemplate:Sfn 399 103 18 April 1944 15:15 Yak-7 south of KatschaTemplate:Sfn 438
91 17 March 1944 09:17 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] southeast of FeodosiaTemplate:Sfn 399 104 18 April 1944 17:01 P-39 north of MamaschaiTemplate:Sfn 439
92 17 March 1944 09:32 Yak-7 Cape TschudaTemplate:Sfn 399 105 19 April 1944 17:02 Yak-1 east of KadykowkaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
440
93?[Note 3] 22 March 1944 14:03 Yak-7 east of Cape WorsowkaTemplate:Sfn 401 106 22 April 1944 11:36 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] Black Sea, west-southwest of ChersonesTemplate:Sfn 445
94 5 April 1944 17:24 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] northeast of KertschTemplate:Sfn 413 107 22 April 1944 11:37 Yak-7 Black Sea, west-southwest of ChersonesTemplate:Sfn 445
95?[Note 3] 5 April 1944 17:25 Yak-1 west of KolonkaTemplate:Sfn 413 108 25 April 1944 14:07 Yak-7 north of BalaklavaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
447
96 7 April 1944 12:51 P-40 Black Sea, south-southeast of Cape TakylTemplate:Sfn 417 109 25 April 1944 14:13 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] southeast of BalaklavaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
447
97 10 April 1944 17:42 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] northeast of TomaschewskaTemplate:Sfn 422 110 4 May 1944 06:40 Yak-7 northwest of ChersonesTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". west of Sevastopol
448
98 11 April 1944 06:58 Yak-7 west of DzhankoyTemplate:Sfn 423 111 4 May 1944 06:46 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] northwest of ChersonesTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". west of Sevastopol
448
– 4. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Template:Sfn
Eastern Front
112 6 May 1944 11:27 Yak-7 north of BelbekTemplate:Sfn 449 119♠ 7 May 1944 17:54 Yak-7 south of SevastopolTemplate:Sfn 452
113 6 May 1944 11:32 Yak-7 east of BelbekTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Sevastopol
449 120♠ 7 May 1944 17:56 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] north-northwest of BalaklavaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
452
114 6 May 1944 11:40 Yak-7 south of BelbekTemplate:Sfn
vicinity of Sevastopol
449 121 8 May 1944 15:24 P-39 south of BalaklavaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
453
115♠ 7 May 1944 09:29 P-39 north-northwest of BalaklavaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
450 122 30 May 1944 15:15 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] Script error: No such module "convert". north of IașiTemplate:Sfn 484
116♠ 7 May 1944 13:21 Yak-7 northwest of BalaklavaTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
451 123 31 May 1944 12:14 P-39 Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of IașiTemplate:Sfn 487
117♠ 7 May 1944 13:28 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] southeast of BalaklavaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
451 124 31 May 1944 12:16 P-39 Script error: No such module "convert". northeast of IașiTemplate:Sfn
Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of Tuapse
487
118♠ 7 May 1944 13:36 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] southwest of KadykowkaTemplate:Sfn
Black Sea, Script error: No such module "convert". south of Sevastopol
451 125 31 May 1944 16:32 Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] Script error: No such module "convert". north of IașiTemplate:Sfn 488
– 4. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Template:Sfn
Western Front
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
31 July 1944
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
P-51Template:Sfn 128 14 August 1944 16:45 P-47Template:Sfn PQ 04 Ost N/BC-7Template:Sfn
Senonches
515
126 6 August 1944 12:31 B-24Template:Sfn PQ 05 Ost UE-8Template:Sfn
north of ParisTemplate:Sfn
Méry, France
509 129 14 August 1944 16:47 P-47Template:Sfn PQ 04 Ost N/BC-8Template:Sfn
Thimert-Gâtelles
515
127 7 August 1944 15:06 AusterTemplate:Sfn PQ 05 Ost CS-3Template:Sfn
Landivy north of Fougères
511
– 8. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 –Template:Sfn
130 18 August 1944 14:06 P-47Template:Sfn PQ 04 Ost N/BD-2Template:Sfn
northeast of Chartres
520 132 19 August 1944 09:10 P-47Template:Sfn PQ 05 Ost UA-6Template:Sfn
vicinity of Lisieux
521
131 18 August 1944 14:12 P-47Template:Sfn PQ 04 Ost N/BD-1Template:Sfn
northeast of Chartres
520
– 3. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 7 –Template:Sfn
133 22 February 1945 12:02 P-51Template:Sfn west of Berlin 527 134 22 February 1945 12:17 P-51Template:Sfn northeast of the Brocken 527

Awards

Waldmann may have been awarded a posthumous Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (Script error: No such module "Lang".).Template:Refn Oberst Nicolaus von Below processed such a request between 20 April 1945 and 2 May 1945, although no official proof exists.Template:Sfn

Translation notes

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. Comenius-Street—Comeniusstraße
  2. Brunswick Mechanical Engineering Institute—Braunschweigischen Maschinenbauanstalt—BMA
  3. Institute of Aeronautical Metrology and Flight Meteorology—Institut of Luftfahrtmeßtechnik und Flugmeteorologie
  4. Separation-shot—Herausschuss
  5. Greater German Radio—Großdeutsche Rundfunk
  6. Offensive counter air—Freie Jagd

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Notes

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. For an explanation of Luftwaffe unit designations see Organisation of the Luftwaffe during World War II.
  2. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  3. a b Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

References

Citations

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Bibliography

<templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" />

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Military navigation". Template:Knight's Cross recipients of JG 52 Template:Subject bar Template:Authority control