Hamilton Quarry
Template:Infobox rockunit Hamilton Quarry is a Late Carboniferous lagerstätte near Hamilton, Kansas, United States. It has a diverse assemblage of unusually well-preserved marine, euryhaline, freshwater, flying, and terrestrial fossils (invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants).[1] The habitat of some of these faunal elements, as for anamniotic stegocephalians, is debated; although some of these have traditionally been interpreted as freshwater inhabitants,[2] some may have been euryhaline.[3][4] This extraordinary mix of fossils suggests it was once an estuary.[5] This type of Lagerstätte is considered a Konservat-Lagerstätte (or conservation lagerstätte), due to the quality the preservation of soft tissue (skin preservation).
The lagerstätte occurs within a paleovalley that was incised into the surrounding Carboniferous cyclothemic sequence during a time of low sea level and was then filled in during a subsequent transgression. The channel has a capping series of interbedded laminated limestones and mudstones for which are designated the Lagerstätte beds or ‘vertebrate horizon’. This facies contains a well-preserved mixed assemblage of terrestrial (conifers, insects, myriapods, reptiles), freshwater (ostracods), aquatic (amphibians, reptile), brackish or euryhaline (ostracods, eurypterids, microconchids, fish), and marine (brachiopods, echinoderms) fossils.
Paleobiota
According to thesis[6] Template:Paleobiota-key-compact
Vertebrates
Arthropods
| Arthropods | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Prothelyphonus | Indeterminate | A whip scorpion. | |
| Archaeoctonus[11] | A. cf. A. glaber | A scorpion. Multiple papers misspelled as Archaeoctonous.[1][5] | |
| Adelophthalmus | A. cf. A. mazonensis | An adelophthalmid eurypterid. | |
| Amphissites | Indeterminate | Ostracod. | |
| Geisina | |||
| Gutschickia | |||
| Bairdia | |||
| Pseudobythocypris | |||
| Carbonita | |||
| Darwinula | |||
| Paromylacris | A roachoid. | ||
| Oedischia | An orthopteran. | ||
| Meganeura | Meganisopteran. | ||
| Titanophasma | |||
| Carrizopteryx | A palaeodictyopteran. | ||
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Mollusks
| Mollusks | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Anthraconaia | Indeterminate | Myalinid bivalve. | |
| Myalinella | M. meeki | ||
| Permophorus | Indeterminate | A cardiid bivalve. | |
| Phestia | Indeterminate | A nuculanid bivalve. | |
| Schizodus | Indeterminate | A trigoniid bivalve. | |
| Bellerophon | Indeterminate | Bellerophontid gastropod. | |
| Euphemites | Indeterminate | ||
Other animals
| Other animals | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Streptognathodus | Indeterminate | An ozarkodinid conodont. | |
| Apographiocrinus | A. cf. calycinus | Dendrocrinid crinoid. | |
| Delocrinus | D. cf. vulatus | ||
| Plaxocrinus | P. cf. crassidiscus | ||
| Serpula | Indeterminate | Annelid in order Canalipalpata. | |
| Spirorbis | Indeterminate | ||
| Punctospirifer | Indeterminate | Spiriferid brachiopod. | |
| Neospirifer | Indeterminate | ||
| Juresania | Indeterminate | Productid brachiopod. | |
| Antiquatonia | Indeterminate | ||
| Kozlowskia | Indeterminate | ||
| Neochonetes | Indeterminate | ||
Lycophytes and ferns
| Lycophytes and ferns | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Sigillaria | S. brardii | A tree-like lycophyte. | |
| Asterophyllites | A. equisetiformis, A. longiformis | Equisetid fern. | |
| Annularia | A. mucronata | ||
| Paleostachya | P. sp. | ||
Seed ferns
| Seed ferns | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Sphenopteris | S. cf. S. germanica | A seed fern. | |
| "Callipteris" | C. conferta, C. flabellifora, C. scheibei | A seed fern in order Peltaspermales. | |
| Cyclopteris | Indeterminate | Seed plant in order Medullosales. | |
| Neuropteris | N. sp. (two species) | ||
| Odontopteris | Indeterminate | ||
| Trigonocarpus | Indeterminate | A seed fern seed. | |
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Gymnosperms
| Gymnosperms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Cordaites | C. principalis | Gymnosperm in order Cordaitales. | |
| Cordaianthus | C. cf. pitcairniae | ||
| Samaropsis | S. fluitans | ||
| Emporia | E. cryptica, E. lockardii, E. royalii | Conifer in order Voltziales. | |
| Hanskerpia | H. hamiltonensis | ||
| Barthelia | B. furcata | ||
| Gomphostrobus | Indeterminate | Conifer in order Voltziales, stem and leaf. | |
| Walchia | W. hypnoides, W. piniformis, W. schneideri | Conifer in order Voltziales, leaves. | |
| Walchianathus | Indeterminate | Conifer in order Voltziales, male cone. | |
| Walchiastrobus | Indeterminate | Conifer in order Voltziales, female cone. | |
Spores and Pollen
| Gymnosperms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Leiotriletes | L. sp. | Spore microfossils. | |
| Calamospora | C. sp. | ||
| Triletes | T. sp. | ||
| Acanthoriletes | A. teretriangulatus | ||
| Nuskoisporites | N. trianguloris | Pollen microfossils. | |
| Potoniesporites | P. gtranulatus, P. neglectus | ||
| Sulcatisporites | S. splendens, S. sp. | ||
| Protohaploxypinus | P. samoilocichii | ||
| Striatopodocarpites | S. sp (Two species) | ||
| Hamiapollenites | H. perisporites, H. succatus | ||
| Striatoabitites | S. multistriatus, S. sp. | ||
| Alisporites | A. indarraensis, A. gracilis, A. nuthalensis | ||
| Falcisporites | F. zapfei | ||
| Limitisporites | L. sp. | ||
| Lueckisporites | L. vickkiae | ||
| Striatites | S. splendens | ||
| Vittatina | V. cf. V. subsuccata, V. cf. V. verrucosa | ||
Fuslinids
| Fuslinids | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Notes | Images |
| Globivalvulina | Indeterminate | Fusulinid in family Biseriamminidae. | |
| Dunbarinella | D. ervinensis | Fusulinid in family Schwagerinidae. | |
| Triticites | T. cullomensis, T. plummeri, T. ventricosus | ||
References
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External links
- Hamilton Quarry is managed by the Johnston Geology Museum at Emporia State University.
- The Surficial Geology of the Hamilton Quarry Area, Kansas Geological Survey (KGS) Open-file Report 2005-13.