Hamengkubuwono X

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Infobox royalty

Template:Yogyakarta Royal Family Sri Sultan Hamengkubawono X (Javanese: Script error: No such module "Lang"., also spelled as Hamengkubawana X, often abbreviated as HB X; born Bendara Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito, 2 April 1946) is the Sultan of the historic Yogyakarta Sultanate in Indonesia and is currently also the Governor of the modern Yogyakarta Special Region (Script error: No such module "Lang".).[1]

File:Gubernur Yogyakarta, Hamengkubawana X (2020).jpg
Official portrait as a governor of Yogyakarta, 2022

Hamengkubawono X succeeded his father, Hamengkubuwono IX, as the Sultan of Yogyakarta when Hamengkubuwono IX died on 3 October 1988. Hamengkubuwono X was formally installed as Sultan on 7 March 1989. However, the position of the Governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region did not go to Hamengkubuwono X. Vice Governor Sri Paku Alam VIII, prince of the subordinate enclave of Paku Alaman within Yogyakarta was instead controversially elevated to the position of governor. This was contrary to the agreement made at the independence of Indonesia in recognition of Hamengkubuwono IX's support and role in the Indonesian War of Independence. Under the agreement, the Sultan holds the position of governor in the Yogyakarta Special Region, and the Paku Alam holds the position of vice governor.

On 30 August 2012, following a decade of talks between Yogyakarta and the central government, the national legislature of Indonesia formally enshrined in law the convention that the Sultan inherited the position of governor.[2]

Background

Hamengkubuwono X was a graduate of Public Administration at the Faculty of Law of Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta.[1] He was active as Chairman of the Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Special Region of Yogyakarta,[1] Chairman of the Sports Committee of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, chairman and managing director of PT Punokawan Construction,[1] President of the PG Madukismo Commissioner, and in July 1996 was appointed Chairman of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Expert Counsel to the Governor.

Hamengkubuwono X followed the tradition of his late father Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX in the spirit of Indonesian nationalism over self-interest by participating in street protests in support of the May 1998 student demonstrations opposing Suharto's rule, and like his illustrious father, wanted to be a pioneer in the Yogyakarta Reformation Movement albeit in a non-violent manner. He was also one of the four key figures in the early reform period that sparked the Ciganjur Declaration urging the government to hold elections as soon as possible, because President B. J. Habibie had neither constitutional nor legal rights to take over the presidency of Suharto who had just resigned.

Hamengkubuwono X has stated his vision for his region and the Sultanate are the development of science and technology, development of agriculture, tourism and world-famous cultural industries and thus provide a fair and prosperous life to all his citizens. He was nominated by popular choice, to the Golkar Yogyakarta Assembly as a presidential candidate for the 2009 Indonesian presidential election campaign. Hamengkubuwono X, though widely respected across all parties and nationwide as neutral, honest and uncorrupted was ultimately unsuccessful in garnering support outside Central Java and was unsuccessful to attain a first-round voting position.

In 2010, he formed Nasional Demokrat together with Surya Paloh which later became the NasDem Party. Hamengkubuwono X later left the organization prior to the political inception, unhappy with its transformation into a political party.

Personal life

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Inhuldiging van Sultan Hamengku Buwana X in de kraton met naast hem de Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Hemas TMnr 20018311.jpg
Coronation of Hamengkubuwono X and Hemas in 1989

Hamengkubuwono X has discontinued the polygamist tradition of Javanese monarchs having several wives and possibly multiple concubines, as per his late father's wishes to modernize the royal system. He is married to Queen Hemas. Together they have five daughters, Crown Princess Mangkubumi, Princess Condrokirono, Princess Maduretno, Princess Hayu, and Princess Bendoro. His decision to appoint his eldest daughter as heir presumptive ended the previously agnatic primogeniture succession and has become subject to controversies.[3]

Hamengkubuwono X resides in the Keraton Yogyakarta complex and uses the Governor's mansion solely for political affairs.

Family

Source:[1]

Parents

Father — Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX

Mother — Raden Ajeng Siti Kustina (Bandara Raden Ayu Widyaningrum/Kanjeng Raden Ayu Widyaningrum/Raden Ayu Adipati Anum)

Consort and Issue

Siblings

Titles and honours

Template:Infobox royal styles

Titles

In Javanese Kraton (palaces) names of individuals change with respect to change in status:

  • From birth until marriage  : Bendoro Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito
  • Post-nuptial until appointment as Crown Prince : Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya (KGPH) Mangkubumi
  • As Heir Apparent Crown Prince  : Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Anom (KGPAAn) Hamengku Negara Sudibya Raja Putra Nalendra Mataram.
  • As Sultan  : Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Kangjeng Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono Senapati ing Ngalogo Ngabdurrokhman Sayidin Panatagama Khalifatullah ingkang jumeneng kaping X[1]
File:Pengucapan sumpah HB X sebagai Gubernur DIY.jpg
Swearing HB X as Governor of SR of Yogyakarta (1998)

His style and title in full English  : His Majesty The Sultan Hamengkubuwono the Tenth, Commander-in-chief in war, Servant of the Most Gracious, Cleric and Caliph that Safeguards the Religion[4][5]

Honours

National

Foreign honours

Honorary degree

Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws, University of Tasmania, Australia (2015) [8]

See also

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References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:S-endTemplate:Current Governors of Indonesian ProvincesTemplate:Authority control
Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X
Cadet branch of the House of Mataram
Born: 2 April 1946
Political offices
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Governor of Yogyakarta
1998–present Template:S-ttl/check 		Incumbent
Regnal titles
Preceded byTemplate:S-bef/check Sultan of Yogyakarta
1989–present Template:S-ttl/check 		Incumbent
Heir presumptive:
Mangkubumi
  1. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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