HLA-A3
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Infobox monoisoform
HLA-A3 (A3) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α3 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A3, the alpha, "A", chain are encoded by the HLA-A<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*03 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus.[1] This group currently is dominated by A*03:01. A3 and A<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*03 are almost synonymous in meaning. A3 is more common in Europe, it is part of the longest known multigene haplotype, A3~B7~DR15~DQ6.[2]
Serotype
| A*03 | A3 | Sample |
| allele | % | size (N) |
| Template:HNLOA | 99 | 3504 |
| Template:HNLOA | 78 | 342 |
| Template:HNLOA | <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />20 | 5 |
A3 is primarily composed of A*03:01 and *03:02 which serotype well with anti-A3 antibodies. There are 26 non-synonymous variants of A*03, 4 nulls, and 22 protein variants.
Associated diseases
A3 serotype is a secondary risk factor for myasthenia gravis[4] and lower CD8+ levels in hemochromatosis patients.[5][6] The HFE (Hemochromatosis) locus lies between A3 and B7 within the A3~DQ6 superhaplotype.[7]
In HIV
HLA-A3 selects HIV evolution for a mutation Gag KK9 epitope and results in a rapid decline in the CD8 T-cell response. CD8 T-cells are responsible for quickly killing HIV infected CD4+ cells.[8] This type of evolved response may not be specific for HLA-A3 and since HIV is capable of adapting quickly in situ to selective factors.
Alleles
Template:AlleleFreq Template:AlleleFreq
Associated diseases
A*03:01 modulates increased risk for multiple sclerosis[9]
A3~B haplotypes
A3-B7 is part of the A3~DQ2 superhaplotype
A3-B8 (Romania, svanS)
A3~B35 (Bulgaria, Croatia, E. Black Sea)
A3~B55 (E. Black Sea)
A3~Cw7~B7
A3~B7 is bimodal in frequency in Europe with one node in Ireland and the other in Switzerland, relatively speaking Switzerland appears to be higher. A3~Cw7~B7 is one of the most common multigene haplotypes in the western world, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe.
A<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*03:01 ~ C<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*07:02 ~ B<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*07:02 ~ DRB1<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*15:01 ~ DQA1<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*01:02 ~ DQB1<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />*06:02
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Allele Query Form IMGT/HLA - European Bioinformatics Institute
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Navbox".