Gulfstream III

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The Gulfstream III, a business jet produced by Gulfstream Aerospace, is an improved development of the Grumman Gulfstream II.

The U.S. military uses versions of the Gulfstream III as the C-20A/B/C/D/E aircraft, though later C-20 F/G/H/J are Gulfstream IV.

Design and development

The Gulfstream III was built at Savannah, Georgia, in the United States and was designed as an improved variant of the Grumman Gulfstream II. Design studies were performed by Grumman Aerospace Corporation in collaboration with Gulfstream American Corporation. Design of the Gulfstream III started with an effort to synthesize a completely new wing employing NASA supercritical airfoil sections and winglets. Optimization studies considering weight, drag, fuel volume, cost, and performance indicated that a substantial portion of the new wing benefit could be secured with modifications to the existing wing. As a result, the new wing concept was canceled and work began on design modifications that would retain the Gulfstream II wing box structure and trailing edge surfaces.[1]

Compared to the G-1159 Gulfstream II, the wing has Template:Convert more span and Template:Convert winglets added, the leading edge is longer and its contour is modified. The fuselage is Template:Convert longer aft of the main door, the radome is extended and there is a new curved windshield. Maximum takeoff weight is increased to Template:Convert or Template:Convert and there are various changes to the autopilot, flight instruments, and engine instruments. The aircraft received its type certificate from the American Federal Aviation Administration on 22 September 1980.[2] A total of 202 Gulfstream IIIs were built, with the last example built in 1986.[3]

In 2013, the FAA modified 14 CFR part 91 rules to prohibit the operation of jets weighing 75,000 pounds or less that are not stage 3 noise compliant after December 31, 2015. The Gulfstream III is listed explicitly in Federal Register 78 FR 39576. Any Gulfstream IIIs that have not been modified by installing Stage 3 noise compliant engines or have not had "hushkits" installed for non-compliant engines will not be permitted to fly in the contiguous 48 states after December 31, 2015. 14 CFR §91.883 Special flight authorizations for jet airplanes weighing 75,000 pounds or less – lists special flight authorizations that may be granted for operation after December 31, 2015.

By 2018, prices for a used 1982 Gulfstream III started at $695,000.[4]

Variants

Civil variants

File:HZ-NR2-GulfstreamIII-304.jpg
Gulfstream III in 1981
  • Model G-1159A Gulfstream III - Two or three-crew executive, corporate transport aircraft, powered by two Rolls-Royce Spey turbofan engines.

Military variants

NOTE: United States Army C-20F and C-20J, United States Navy/United States Marine Corps C-20G, and United States Air Force C-20H aircraft are all Gulfstream IV variants

Special mission variants

A NASA Gulfstream C-20A (83-0502 cn 389) has been fitted with a centerline pylon to allow it to carry the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) pod.[9]

A NASA Gulfstream III (N992NA cn 309) has also been fitted with a centerline pylon to allow it to carry the Airborne Microwave Observatory of Subcanopy and Subsurface (AirMOSS) pod, a modification of the UAVSAR pod.[10]

The Phoenix Air Group operates two former Royal Danish Air Force SMA-3 aircraft (N173PA cn 313, N163PA cn 249) and a Gulfstream III (N186PA cn 317).[11] One aircraft provides airborne maritime range surveillance for the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) and other Department of Defense range facilities using a high definition Texas Instruments APS-127 Surface Search Radar system.[12] All three are configured with a large cargo door. In 2008 Phoenix Air developed an Airborne Biomedical Containment System with the CDC. In 2014, the system was deployed during the Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia to fly 12 ebola missions to the United States.[13]

N30LX (cn 438) has been modified by the addition of a ventral canoe and sensor turret as the "Dragon Star" Airborne Multi-Intelligence Laboratory for use by Lockheed Martin.[14] This has been leased by Italy since 2012.[15]

Calspan operates N710CF (cn 448), which has been modified as an airborne test bed. Modifications include a centerline pylon[16] and a dorsal satcom radome[17]

Two Gulfstream IIIs, K2961 (cn 494) and K2962 (cn 495), equipped with long-range oblique photography cameras mounted in the fuselage, were delivered to the Indian Air Force.[18][19]

Operators

Military and government operators

File:US Navy 090219-N-9552I-030 Naval Aircrewmen 1st Class Troy Rudisill and David Williams conduct pre-flight checks in the cockpit of a Gulfstream C-20A-G III.jpg
Cockpit of a C-20A
File:Gulfstream G-III, Denmark - Air Force JP111857.jpg
Danish Air Force Gulfstream III

Military and government operators of the Gulfstream III and C-20 include:

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File:NASA 83-0502 with UAVSAR at Edwards AFB (ED07-0027-68).jpg
NASA's Gulfstream landing at Edwards Air Force Base
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Accidents and incidents

  • August 3, 1996 - Flew into mountain during final approach to Vagar Airport on Faroe Islands. The Gulfstream III (F-330) from RDAF - Royal Danish Air Force was destroyed killing all nine people on board, including the Danish Chief of Defence Jørgen Garde.[24][25]
  • March 29, 2001 - While trying to land at Aspen-Pitkin County Airport, an Avjet Gulfstream III crashed into a hill, killing all 18 people on board.[26][27]
  • July 4, 2017 - On the outskirts of Margarita Island, a Gulfstream III YV2896[28] of the Venezuelan Vice-President crashed into the sea with nine people on board. Two bodies were later recovered, with the remaining seven occupants believed to have been killed.[29]

Specifications (Gulfstream III)

File:Gulfstream III 3-view line drawing.gif

Template:Aircraft specs

See also

Related development

Related lists

References

Notes

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Bibliography

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  • Michell, Simon. Jane's Civil and Military Aircraft Upgrades 1994–95. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Information Group, 1994. Template:ISBN.
  • Taylor, John W. R. (editor). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83. London:Jane's Yearbooks, 1982. Template:ISBN.

External links

Template:US transport aircraft Template:Gulfstream

  1. ↑ Boppe, Charles W., "Computational Aerodynamic Design: X-29, the Gulfstream Series and a Tactical Fighter", SAE paper 851789, 1985 Wright Brothers Award Paper, presented at the Aerospace Technology Conference & Exposition, Long Beach California, October 1985.
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Janes up 94 p313
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  5. ↑ a b c d e Model Designation of Military Aerospace Vehicles, DoD 4120.15L, 2004-05-12
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  8. ↑ The United States Military Aviation Directory, AIRTime Publishing, Norwalk, CT, c2000, Template:ISBN
  9. ↑ G-III UAVSAR Template:Webarchive Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  10. ↑ UAVSAR Installed on JSC G-III for AirMOSS Study Template:Webarchive Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  11. ↑ Template:Usurped Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  12. ↑ 'Military Ops Range Clearing' Template:Webarchive Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ ;Enter The Dragon Template:Webarchive Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Flight testing Template:Webarchive N710CF with Centerline Pylon Capable of Carrying External Stores] Retrieved 22 August 2014.
  17. ↑ sensors airborne services-test-beds/ Template:Webarchive N710CF with Common Systems Radome on upper fuselage for SATCOM antenna testing] Retrieved 22 August 2014.
  18. ↑ Picture of the Gulfstream Aerospace G-1159A Gulfstream III aircraft Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  19. ↑ Picture of the Gulfstream Aerospace G-1159A Gulfstream III aircraft Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  20. ↑ Schrøder, Hans (1991). "Royal Danish Airforce". Ed. Kay S. Nielsen. Tøjhusmuseet, 1991, p. 1–64. Template:ISBN.
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  27. ↑ Template:ASN accident
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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