List of governors of Bihar
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The Governor of Bihar is the nominal head of the Indian state of Bihar. The governor is appointed by the President of India. Arif Mohammad Khan is the current governor of Bihar.[1][2] Former President Zakir Husain and Ram Nath Kovind were two such governors of Bihar who succeeded on to become the President of India. There are 41 governors with additional charge and 46th governor also counted before independence.
Powers and functions
The governor has:
- Executive powers related to administration, appointments and removals,
- Legislative powers related to lawmaking and the state legislature, that is Vidhan Sabha or Vidhan Parishad, and
- Discretionary powers to be carried out according to the discretion of the Governor.
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In his ex-officio capacity, the governor of Bihar is chancellor of the universities of Bihar (at present 12) as per the Acts of the Universities.
List of governors
Agents, Chiefs and Governors (1650-1699)
In 1644 Gabriel Boughton, procured privileges for the East India Company which permitted them to build a factory at Hughli, without fortifications. In 1650, the factories of Balasor and Hughli were united. On 14 December 1650, James Bridgman was appointed as the chief of the factories. However, in 1653, Bridgman left suddenly and Powle Waldegrave assumed his charge.
On 27 February 1657, the company resolved its holdings into four agencies:- Fort St. George, Bantam, Persia, and Hughli. George Gawton was appointed as the Agent of Hughly. Additional three factories in Ballasore, Cassambazar and Pattana were put under the Hughly agency. In 1658, Johnathan Trevisa was appointed as the second to Gawton and was meant to succeed him after the latter's death. On 6 February 1661, the company reduced the Hughly agency under the Fort St. George, and then agent Trevisa was made the "Chief of Factories in the Bay of Bengal". On 24 November 1681, William Hedges was appointed as the "Agent and Governor for the affairs of the East India Company in the Bay of Bengal". On 21 December 1684, William Gyfford who was the President and Governor of Fort St. George was given the additional charge of Bengal due to increasing mismanagement. John Beard was appointed as the "Agent and Chief in the Bay of Bengal" and become the subordinate to Gifford.
| Chief of the factories of Balasore and Hughli | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Portrait | Took Office | Left Office | Remarks |
| James Bridgman | 14 December 1650 | 1653 | ||
| Powle Waldegrave | 1653 | 1657 | ||
| Agent of Hughly Agency | ||||
| George Gawton | 27 February 1657 | 11 September 1658 | ||
| John Trevisa | 11 September 1658 | 6 February 1661 | ||
| Chief of Factories in the Bay of Bengal | ||||
| John Trevisa | 6 February 1661 | 31 January 1662 | ||
| William Blake | 31 January 1662 | 24 January 1668 | ||
| Shem Bridges | 24 January 1668 | 7 December 1669 | ||
| Henry Powell | 7 December 1669 | ? | ||
| Walter Clavell | ~June 1672 | 7 August 1677 | Died in office | |
| Mathias Vincent | 7 September 1677 | ~July 1682
(position superseded) |
Deposed in July 1682 | |
| Agent and Governor
for the affairs of the East India Company in the Bay of Bengal | ||||
| Sir William Hedges | 24 November 1681 | ~ August 1684 | Deposed in August 1864 | |
| Agent and Chief in the Bay of Bengal | ||||
| John Beard | 21 December 1863 | 28 August 1865 | Died in office | |
| Job Charnock | ~ April 1686 | 10 January 1693 | Died in office | |
| Francis Ellis | 10 January 1693 | January 1694 | ||
| Charles Eyre | 25 January 1694 | 1 February 1699 | Left for England in 1699 | |
| John Beard | 1 February 1699 | 20 December 1699
(position superseded) |
Second to Eyre | |
President and Governor of Fort William, in Bengal (1699-1705)
On 20 December 1699, the Court of Directors (London East India Company) declared Bengal a Presidency, and then Agent Charles Eyre was made the " President and Governor of Fort William, in Bengal". The President or Chief in the Bay of Bengal for the English East India Company was Sir Edward Littleton in whose commission and instructions, dated 12 January 1698, it was also stated that power had been obtained from his Majesty to constitute him the "Minister or Consul for the English Nation" with all powers requisite thereunto.” Littleton was later deposed by the Court of Directors in 1703.
The union of the two East India Companies took place on 23 July 1702. For united trade in Bengal, a Council was appointed, of which Nathaniel Halsey and Robert Hedges were to take chair each in their week alternatively as per the dispatch from United Company on 26 February 1702. In a dispatch of 12 February 1704, it was ordered that if Beard shall die, no one will be appointed as President to succeed him. After the departure of John Beard to Madras, Ralph Sheldon assumed the position of Chief of Council, and his appointment was confirmed in a dispatch of 7 February 1706.
| President and Governor of Fort William, in Bengal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Portrait | Took Office | Left Office | Remarks |
| Sir Charles Eyre | 20 December 1699 | 7 January 1701 | Left on account of health issues | |
| John Beard | 7 January 1701 | 7 July 1705 | Died in Office | |
President in the Bay, and Governor and Commander-in-Chief for Fort William, in Bengal (1705-1774)
On 30 December 1709, Anthony Weldon was appointed as the "President in the Bay, and Governor and Commander-in-Chief for Fort William, in Bengal" for the United East India Company. His appointment was later revoked and was supposed to be succeeded by Sheldon. Since Sheldon had died by the time dispatch arrived in Bengal, John Russell was ordered to succeed as the Governor. By a letter of 8 May 1771, the Court appointed Warren Hastings to be Governor of Bengal. By Act of Parliament 13 Geo. III., cap. 63, the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal will headed by a Governor-General, and Hastings was appointed as the first Governor-General. He assumed the office on 20 October 1774.
| President in the Bay, and Governor and Commander-in-Chief for Fort William, in Bengal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Portrait | Took Office | Left Office | Remarks | Appointee |
| 1 | Anthony Weldon | 30 December 1709 | 4 March 1711 | Appointment revoked by the Court of Directors
Resigned on March 1711 |
East India Company File:Coat of arms of the East India Company.svg | |
| 2 | John Rusell | 4 March 1711 | 3 December 1713 | Dismissed by the Court | ||
| 3 | Robert Hedges | 3 December 1713 | 28 December 1717 | died in office | ||
| 4 | Samuel Feake | 12 January 1718 | 17 January 1723 | Left for England due to illness | ||
| 5 | John Deane | 17 January 1723 | 30 January 1726 | Returned to England | ||
| 6 | Henry Frankland | 30 January 1726 | 25 February 1732 | Returned to Europe | ||
| 7 | John Stackhouse | 25 February 1732 | 29 January 1739 | Resigned | ||
| 8 | Thomas Broddyll | 29 January 1739 | 4 Feb 1746 | Left for England | ||
| 9 | John Forster | 4 Feb 1746 | March 1748 | Died in office | ||
| 10 | William Barewell | 18 April 1748 | 1749 | Dismissed by the Court | ||
| 11 | Adam Dawson | 17 July 1749 | 1752 | Dismissed by the Court | ||
| 12 | William Fycthe | File:Thomas Hudson (attributed) - Portrait of William Fytche of Bengal 1752.jpg | 5 July 1752 | 8 August 1752 | Died in Office | |
| 13 | Roger Drake | 8 August 1752 | 20 June 1758 | Deposed by the Court | ||
| 14 | Col. Robert Clive | File:Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive by Nathaniel Dance, (later Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland, Bt).jpg | 27 June 1758 | 23 January 1760 | Resigned | |
| 15 | John Zephaniah Holwell | File:John Zephaniah Holwell.jpg | 28 January 1760 | 27 July 1760 | Handed over to Vansittart who was appointed on
23 November 1759 to the office | |
| 16 | Henry Vansittart | File:Henry Vansittart.jpg | 27 July 1760 | 26 November 1764 | Returned to England | |
| 17 | John Spencer | 3 December 1764 | 3 May 1765 | |||
| 18 | The Lord Clive | File:Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive by Nathaniel Dance, (later Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland, Bt).jpg | 3 May 1765 | 20 January 1767 | Returned to England | |
| 19 | Harry Verelst | 29 January 1767 | 24 December 1769 | Retired from the service | ||
| 20 | John Cartier | 26 December 1769 | 13 April 1772 | |||
| 21 | Warren Hastings | File:Warren Hastings by Joshua Reynolds.jpg | 13 April 1772 | 20 October 1773
(office superseded) |
Appointed as the Governor-General of Fort William
in Bengal in 1773 | |
_-_Portrait_of_William_Fytche_of_Bengal_1752.jpg){kind=link}
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| Portrait | Name | Term | Appointer | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before 1773 the Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William was named as Governor of Bengal (1757–1772). | ||||
| Governors General of the Presidency of Fort William (1773–1833) | ||||
| Warren Hastings | 20 October
1773 |
8 February
1785 |
East India Company
(1773–1858) | |
| John Macpherson
(acting) |
8 February
1785 |
12 September
1786 | ||
| The Marquess Cornwallis | 12 September
1786 |
28 October
1793 | ||
| John Shore | 28 October
1793 |
18 March
1798 | ||
| Alured Clarke
(acting) |
18 March
1798 |
18 May
1798 | ||
| The Earl of Mornington | 18 May
1798 |
30 July
1805 | ||
| The Marquess Cornwallis | 30 July
1805 |
5 October
1805 | ||
| Sir George Barlow, Bt
(acting) |
10 October
1805 |
31 July
1807 | ||
| The Lord Minto | 31 July
1807 |
4 October
1813 | ||
| The Marquess of Hastings | 4 October
1813 |
9 January
1823 | ||
| John Adam
(acting) |
9 January
1823 |
1 August
1823 | ||
| The Lord Amherst | 1 August
1823 |
13 March
1828 | ||
| William Butterworth Bayley
(acting) |
13 March
1828 |
4 July
1828 | ||
| Governors-General of India (1834–1858) | ||||
| Lord William Bentinck | 4 July
1828 |
20 March
1835 |
East India Company
(1773–1858) | |
| Charles Metcalfe, Bt
(acting) |
20 March
1835 |
4 March
1836 | ||
| The Lord Auckland | 4 March
1836 |
15 November 1834 | ||
Governors of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal (1834-1854)
By an Act of 1833 (3 & 4 William IV. , cap. lxxxv., Section lvi . ), it was enacted " that the Executive Government of each of the several Presidencies of Fort William in Bengal, Fort St. George, Bombay, and Agra shall be administered by a Governor and three Councilors, to be styled the Governor-in-Council of the said Presidencies of Fort William in Bengal , Fort St. George, Bombay, and Agra respectively, and that the Governor General of India for the time being shall be Governor of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal. From this time the Governors General of India held also the separate office of Governor of Bengal, until the year 1854. Under the Charter Act 1853 the Governor General of India was relieved of his concurrent duties as Governor of Bengal and empowered to appoint a lieutenant-governor from 1854.
| Governors of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal
(ex-officio Governor-General of India, 1833-1857) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name
(birth–death) |
Portrait | Took office | Left office | Appointee |
| 1 | The Lord William Bentick
(1774–1839) |
File:Bentinck william.png | 15 November 1834
(1833) |
20 March 1835 | East India Company File:Coat of arms of the East India Company.svg |
| - | Sir Charles Metcalfe, Bt, ICS[3]
(acting) (1785–1846) |
File:Charles Theophilus Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe by George Chinnery.jpg | 20 March 1835 | 4 March 1836 | |
| 2 | The Lord Auckland (1784–1849) | File:George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland.png | 4 March 1836 | 28 February 1842 | |
| 3 | The Lord Ellenborough (1790–1871) | File:1stEarlOfEllenborough.jpg | 28 February 1842 | June 1844 | |
| - | William Wilberforce Bird, ICS[3]
(acting) (1784–1857) |
June 1844 | 23 July 1844 | ||
| 4 | Sir Henry Hardinge (1785–1856) | File:Henryhardinge.jpg | 23 July 1844 | 12 January 1848 | |
| 5 | The Earl of Dalhousie (1812–1860) | File:Dalhousie.jpg | 12 January 1848 | 1 May 1854
(28 February 1856) | |
Lieutenant Governors of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal (1854-1912)
Under the Charter Act 1853 the Governor General of India was relieved of his concurrent duties as Governor of Bengal and a separate Governor of Bengal shall be appointed. Until then a Lieutenant Governor will be appointed. F. J. Halliday became the first lieutenant governor of the Bengal presidency. William Duke served as the last lieutenant governor after which the office was superseded by the Governor of Bengal province in 1912.
Lieutenant governors of Bihar and Orissa Province
| # | Name | Portrait | Entered office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sir Charles Stuart Bayley | 1912 | 1915 | |
| 2 | Sir Edward Albert Gait | 1915 | 1918 | |
| 3 | Sir Edward Vere Levinge | 1918 | 1918 | |
| 4 | Sir Edward Albert Gait | 1918 | 1919 | |
| 1919 | 1920 |
Governors of Bihar and Orissa Province
| # | Name | Portrait | Entered office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | Satyendra Prasanna Sinha | 1920 | 1921 | |
| 6 | Havilland Le Mesurier | 1921 | 1922 | |
| 7 | Sir Henry Wheeler | 1922 | 1927 | |
| 8 | Hugh Lansdown Stephenson | 1927 | 1932 | |
| 9 | Sir James David Sifton | 1932 | 1936 |
Governors of Bihar
| • | indicates that this was an additional charge or acting |
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See also
References
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External links
Template:Government of Bihar Template:Governor of Bihar Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox".