Gilbert Hamilton
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Count Gustaf David Gilbert John William Hamilton (20 March 1869–11 August 1947) was a highly decorated Swedish soldier and noble who served in the Imperial German Army during World War I and served as commander of the 3rd (East Prussian) Cuirassiers "Count Wrangel.". Following the war, Hamilton resumed active service in the Swedish Army, reaching the rank of Colonel.
Early career
Gilbert was born on 20 March 1869 in Hedensberg manor, Västmanland. He was the second son of Count Gustaf Malcolm Hamilton and his wife, Baroness Sophia Lovisa Barnekow.[1] His father was a Fideicommissum to Hedensberg, a post that his older brother Hugo Hamilton would later take over following their father's death.[2]
Gilbert started off his military career in 1891 when he graduated from Karlberg with the rank of second lieutenant. Gilbert tried to volunteer in the Greco-Turkish War in 1897 but was denied. He also tried to, but was denied entry into both the Second Boer War (1899) and later the Russo-Japanese War (1904).
By the time of the start of the First World War, Hamilton was already a rittmeister (captain) in the Swedish Army and at the time held command as chief of the 2nd Squadron in the Royal Life Guards situated in Stockholm.
World War I
On 27 October 1914, Hamilton took discharge and left for Germany. There he joined the German Army and went into Prussian service with the rank of Major. He served on the eastern front and took part in, among others, the famous Battle at Tannenberg, which was a total German victory. He served as a cavalry officer and later as a squadron leader on the Austro-Hungarian Carpathian Front. Between the years 1915–18 he commanded the 22nd reserve jaeger battalion, which, at the time, was stationed between Belarus and Ukraine, directly north of the city of Pinsk. In 1918 he took part in the Finnish Civil War as part of the much larger conflict, the Russian Civil War, fighting for the whites against the reds. He did this as Commander of the Squadron "Hamilton" under the Brandenstein brigade as part of the German Expeditionary Corps, Die Ostseedivision.
In June 1918 he was made commander of the 3rd Cuirassier regiment "Graf Wrangel" in southern Ukraine. When the Kaiser abdicated and went into exile in Holland, a revolution had broken out across Germany. At Christmas 1918, he was forced to make a 100-mile-long march, comparable to those which the Caroleans undertook 200 years earlier. They made their journey via Kiev all the way back to Königsberg, during which they were constantly attacked in skirmishes. On February 20, 1919, they finally arrived in Königsberg and were received with cheers and a hero's welcome by the populace of the city.
Later life
After his return to Sweden in 1920, he was given command of the Småland hussars in Eksjö in 1921. Besides his military career he served as an adjutant to the exiled Kaiser Wilhelm II in Doorn for several weeks each year.[3][4]
On the 25th anniversary of the German victory at Tannenberg, during a ceremony on 25 August 1939, Adolf Hitler personally appointed him honorary General of the Wehrmacht, with the rank of Generalmajor in the Reserve.[5][6][3][4]
He remained fond and supportive of Germany until his death in 1947.
Gallery
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Uniform M/1915 for the 3rd Cuirassier regiment "Graf Wrangel"
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Uniform M/1910 for the 1st Cuirassier regiment "Grosser Kurfürst"
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Coat of Arms of the House Hamilton.
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Count Gilbert Hamilton in uniform as an Honurary Generalmajor in the Replacement Army (Template:Langx).
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Honours and awards
National
- File:Order of the Sword - Ribbon bar.svg Template:Flagicon Commander 1st Class of the Order of the Sword, 16 June 1928.[7]
- Template:Flagicon Graduate of the Military Academy Karlberg, 1891.
- Template:Flagicon Graduate of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences, – (Honorary), 1931.
Foreign
- File:D-PRU Royal Hohenzollern Order swords war-ribbon BAR.svg Template:Flagicon Commander of the Prussian House Order of Hohenzollern, with swords, latest 1921.[8][9]
- File:D-PRU EK 1914 2 Klasse BAR.svg Template:Flagicon Recipient of the Prussian Iron Cross 1st Class 1916.[8][9]
- File:D-PRU EK 1914 2 Klasse BAR.svg Template:Flagicon Recipient of the Prussian Iron Cross 2nd Class 1915.[8][9]
- File:FIN Order of the Cross of Liberty 2Class war BAR.svg Template:Flagicon Knight of the Finnish Order of the Cross of Liberty 2nd Class, with swords, latest 1921.[8]
- File:FIN Liberation War 1918 Comm Medal BAR.svg Template:Flagicon Recipient of the Medal of the Liberation War, 1918.
- File:AUT KuK Kriegsbande schwertern-gold BAR.svg Template:Flagicon Recipient of the Austrian Military Merit Cross, with war decoration, latest 1925.[8][9]
- File:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg Template:Flagicon Knight of the French Legion of Honour, latest 1921.[8]
- File:Order of Orange-Nassau ribbon - Knight.svg Template:Flagicon Knight of the Dutch Order of Orange-Nassau, latest 1921.[8]
- File:Ribbon bar of the Chinese Order of the Double Dragon.svg Template:Flagicon Knight Third Class, Third Grade of the Qing Order of the Double Dragon, latest 1921.[8]
- File:Order of Saint Anna ribbon bar.svg Template:Flagicon Knight of the Russian Order of St. Anna 3rd Class, latest 1921.[8]
Military ranks
| Date | Rank | Insignia |
|---|---|---|
| 13 November 1891 | Second Lieutenant Script error: No such module "Lang". |
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| 10 October 1897 | Lieutenant Script error: No such module "Lang". |
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| 1 May 1908 | Rittmeister Script error: No such module "Lang". |
File:9 Kapten Ryttmästare axelträns m1910.jpg Template:Flagicon |
| 26 November 1920 | Lieutenant Colonel Script error: No such module "Lang". |
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| 21 October 1921 | Colonel Script error: No such module "Lang". |
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| Date | Rank | Insignia |
|---|---|---|
| 27 January 1915 | Major Script error: No such module "Lang". |
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| 28 June 1916 | Lieutenant Colonel Script error: No such module "Lang". |
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| 25 August 1939 | Generalmajor in the reserve (Honorary) Script error: No such module "Lang". |
File:WMacht H OF6 GenMaj h 1935-1945.svg Template:Flagicon |
Count Gilbert in popular culture
- The popular brand of Swedish pipe tobacco, manufactured since 1924 in Denmark by Swedish Match called "Greve Gilbert Hamiltons Blandning" is named after him.
References
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- ↑ Kungl. Svärdsorden. i Sveriges statskalender 1947bih
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Livgardet tillhäst. i Sveriges statskalender 1921
- ↑ a b c d Smålands husarregemente. i Sveriges statskalender 1925
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- "Svenskar i Krig 1914-1945", Gyllenhaal, L., Westberg, L. (2004)
- Pages with script errors
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- Swedish nobility
- Swedish people of Scottish descent
- 1869 births
- Commanders First Class of the Order of the Sword
- Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
- Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Liberty, 2nd Class
- Knights of the Order of Orange-Nassau
- Recipients of the Order of St. Anna
- 1947 deaths
- Swedish Army colonels
- German Army personnel of World War I
- Major generals of the German Army (Wehrmacht)
- People from Tillberga
- Swedish volunteers in the Finnish Civil War (White side)