Giera
Template:Infobox Romanian subdivision Giera (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Giera (commune seat), Grănicerii and Toager.
History
The first recorded mention of Giera dates from 1322, when it was a property of the Template:Ill;[1] Tivadar Vejtehi donated it to his son-in-law Omori Gál.[2] At the 1717 census, in Giera there were 12 houses inhabited by Serbs and an Orthodox church (built since 1667).[2] They settled here during the 17th century. From 1795, the domain (including Toager, Grănicerii and Livezile) came into the possession of the Template:Ill, a Hungarian noble family of Armenian origin, taking the name Gyér.[3] In 1829, Lukács Gyertyánffy built a mansion in Giera, near the grain storehouse (now a historical monument), built in turn by Andor Gyertyánffy; the mansion is preserved to this day.[3] The Gyertyánffys also owned a grove called Gradinaț (Template:Langx), where an Avar ring and a Turkish fortress were later unearthed.[2]
Demographics
Giera had a population of 1,239 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 6% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (65.54%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (17.03%), Roma (7.99%), Serbs (4.52%) and Germans (1.69%). For 2.99% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[4] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (68.2%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (20.82%), Serbian Orthodox (4.44%), Pentecostals (1.29%) and Baptists (1.13%). For 2.99% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[5]
| Census[6] | Ethnic composition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | Romanians | Hungarians | Germans | Roma | Serbs |
| 1880 | 2,888 | 834 | 353 | 1,290 | – | 397 |
| 1890 | 3,442 | 837 | 588 | 1,550 | – | 458 |
| 1900 | 3,504 | 850 | 668 | 1,514 | – | 457 |
| 1910 | 3,483 | 943 | 652 | 1,345 | – | 527 |
| 1920 | 3,461 | 875 | 732 | 1,362 | – | – |
| 1930 | 3,221 | 1,045 | 493 | 1,260 | 1 | 404 |
| 1941 | 3,261 | 1,177 | 560 | 1,147 | – | – |
| 1956 | 2,473 | 856 | 520 | 764 | – | 317 |
| 1966 | 2,185 | 774 | 512 | 652 | – | 244 |
| 1977 | 1,697 | 750 | 414 | 349 | 11 | 170 |
| 1992 | 1,228 | 719 | 303 | 43 | 64 | 97 |
| 2002 | 1,321 | 855 | 276 | 32 | 88 | 64 |
| 2011 | 1,239 | 812 | 211 | 21 | 99 | 56 |
References
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