Garnet-throated hummingbird
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The garnet-throated hummingbird (Lamprolaima rhami) is a species of hummingbird in tribe Lampornithini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico.[1][2]
Taxonomy and systematics
The garnet-throated hummingbird is the only member of genus Lamprolaima[1], a name which is a combination of two Greek words: Script error: No such module "Lang"., meaning brilliant or radiant and Script error: No such module "Lang"., meaning throat.[3] The specific epithet commemorates Henri-Casimir de Rham, a Swiss diplomat to the United States who was founder of the Swiss Benevolent Society in New York, a businessman, naturalist, and collector.[3]
Description
The garnet-throated hummingbird is Script error: No such module "convert". long and weighs Script error: No such module "convert".. Both sexes have a short, straight, black bill. The adult male's upperparts are iridescent green. Much of the face is black, with a small white spot behind the eye. The gorget is shining rosy pink and the breast iridescent violet-blue. The rest of the underparts are blackish with mottled green flanks. The wings are rufous with dark brown tips to the feathers. The tail is dark purple with gray tips on the outer feathers. The adult female also has iridescent green upperparts. The underparts are dusky gray, usually with small pinkish dots on the throat. The wings and tail are similar to the male's but the outer tail feathers have white tips. Juvenile males are similar to the adult female but with darker underparts and buff fringes on the chest feathers. Juvenile females are similar to the adult but with buff fringes on the head feathers.[4]
Distribution and habitat
The garnet-throated hummingbird is found discontinuously from Mexico's Guerrero, Puebla, and Veracruz states south through Guatemala into El Salvador and Honduras. It inhabits the interior and edges of tropical forest, cloudforest, and pine-oak forest and also scrublands. In elevation it ranges between Script error: No such module "convert". but is most numerous between Script error: No such module "convert".; in Honduras it occurs only above Script error: No such module "convert"..[4]
Behavior
Movement
The garnet-throated hummingbird moves between higher elevation during the breeding season to lower elevation outside it.[4]
Feeding
The garnet-throated hummingbird feeds on nectar from flowering shrubs and trees, especially those of genera Inga and Erythrina. It tends to forage below Script error: No such module "convert". of the ground. Males defend feeding territories. In addition to nectar, the species feeds on small insects captured by hawking from a perch.[4]
Breeding
The garnet-throated hummingbird breeds in April and May on the Atlantic slope and between December and March on the Pacific slope. The female builds a bulky cup nest of moss, leaf parts, and pine needles lined with softer plant fibers. It often attaches the nest to exposed roots on earth banks such as those of streams. The incubation length and time to fledging are not known.[4]
Vocalization
The garnet-throated hummingbird's song is "a soft, gruff, dry, crackling warble intermixed by nasal, gurgling notes." Its calls include "a nasal 'nyik' and 'choiw', high-pitched chips and a sharp, slightly buzzy 'tis-i-tyu-tyu'."[4]
Status
The IUCN has assessed the garnet-throated hummingbird as being of least concern, though its population size and trend are not known.[5] It is locally common, even in human-modified environments as long as some forest remains.[4] However, the Mexican government at one time considered it Threatened.[6]
References
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- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ HBW and BirdLife International (2020) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved 27 May 2021
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c d e f g Schuchmann, K.L. and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). Garnet-throated Hummingbird (Lamprolaima rhami), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.gathum1.01 retrieved 22 July 2022
- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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