Fukui Domain
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The Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., also known as the Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., was a domain (han) of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1601 to 1871.[1]
The Fukui Domain was based at Fukui Castle in Echizen Province, the core of the modern city of Fukui, located in the Chūbu region of the island of Honshu. The Fukui Domain was founded by Yūki Hideyasu, the son of shōgun Tokugawa Ieyasu, and was ruled for all of its existence by the shinpan daimyō of the Matsudaira clan. The Fukui Domain was assessed under the Kokudaka system and its value peaked at 680,000 koku. The Fukui Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 after the Meiji Restoration and its territory was absorbed into Fukui Prefecture.
History
In the Sengoku period, the area around Fukui was known as Kita-no-sho, and controlled by Shibata Katsutoyo, the adopted son of Shibata Katsuie, one of Oda Nobunaga's leading generals, after the Asakura clan was dispossessed by Shibata Katsuie. After Shibata Katsutoyo died of illness during the Battle of Shizugatake in 1583, the area was given to the Aoyama clan. However, the Aoyama sided with the Western Army under Ishida Mitsunari during the Battle of Sekigahara and were thus dispossessed by the victorious Tokugawa Ieyasu. In 1601, Ieyasu awarded Echizen Province to his second son, Yūki Hideyasu as a 670,000 koku fief. Yūki Hideyasu was permitted to change his name to Matsudaira Hideyasu, and he rebuilt Fukui Castle and the surrounding jōkamachi as his capital.[2] His son, Matsudaira Tadanao was of violent disposition and was on bad terms with Shōgun Tokugawa Hidetada, and was consequently dispossessed and banished to Kyushu. He was replaced by his younger brother, Matsudaira Tadamasa, with a reduction in kokudaka to 500,000 koku. His descendants continued to rule over Fukui until the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Under Tadamasa's successor, Matsudaira Mitsumichi, the domain was reduced further with the creation of subsidiary domains as Yoshie Domain and Echizen-Maruoka Domain. the domain was plagued with financial difficulties through most of its history, due to frequent flooding, crop failure, epidemics and the profligate spending of its daimyō. In 1661, Fukui became the first han to issue hansatsu (domain paper money).[2]
In 1686, the domain faced a succession crisis and O-Ie Sōdō with the removal of Matsudaira Tsunamasa due to insanity was reduced from 475,000 koku to 250,000 koku.[3] A number of the later daimyō of Fukui were adopted into the clan from the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa family, one of the Gosankyō, the three lesser branches of the Tokugawa clan.
During the Bakumatsu period, Matsudaira Yoshinaga (better known as Matsudaira Shungaku), was one of the leading political figures in the final years of the Tokugawa shogunate. The final daimyō of Fukui was Matsudaira Mochiaki, who served as imperial governor under the Meiji government until the abolition of the han system in 1871 and the creation of modern Fukui Prefecture.
List of daimyō
Source:[4]
| # | Name | Tenure | Courtesy title | Court Rank | kokudaka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Mitsubaaoi.jpg Matsudaira clan (shinpan) 1601–1871 | |||||
| 1 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1601-1607 | Gon-chūnagon (正三位 権中納言) | Senior 3rd Rank (正三位 ) | 680,000 koku |
| 2 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1607–1623 | Sangi (参議) | Junior 3rd Rank (従三位) | 680,000 koku |
| 3 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1623–1645 | Iyo-no-kami, Sangi (伊予守 参議) | Senior 4th Rank (正四位) | 525,280 koku |
| 4 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1645–1674 | Echizen-no-kami ,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (越前守 左近衛少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従四位下) | 450,000 koku |
| 5 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1674–1676 | Hyōbu-daisuke,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (兵部大輔 左近衛権少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従四位下) | 450,000 koku |
| 6 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1676–1686 | Echizen-no-kami ,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (越前守 左近衛少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従四位下) | 450,000 koku |
| 7 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1686–1710 | Hyōbu-daisuke,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (兵部大輔 左近衛権少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従四位下) | 250,000 koku |
| 8 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1710–1721 | Iyo-no-kami,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (伊予守 左近衛権少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従四位下) | 250,000 koku |
| 9 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1721–1724 | Takumi-no-kami, Jijū (内匠頭 侍従) | Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従四位下) | 300,000 koku |
| 10 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1724–1749 | Hyōbu-daisuke,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (兵部大輔 左近衛権少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従四位下) | 300,000 koku |
| 11 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1749–1758 | Echizen-no-kami,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (越前守 左近衛権少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Upper Grade (従四位上) | 300,000 koku |
| 12 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1758–1799 | Echizen-no-kami,Sakonoue-gon-chūshō (越前守 左近衛権中将) | Senior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (正四位下) | 300,000 koku |
| 13 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1799–1825 | Echizen-no-kami,Sakonoue-gon-chūshō (越前守 左近衛権中将) | Senior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (正四位下) | 320,000 koku |
| 14 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1826–1835 | Echizen-no-kami,Sakonoue-gon-shōshō (越前守 左近衛権少将) | Junior 4th Rank, Upper Grade (従四位上) | 320,000 koku |
| 15 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1835–1838 | Echizen-no-kami,Sakonoue-gon-chūshō (越前守 左近衛権中将) | Senior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (正四位下) | 320,000 koku |
| 16 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1838–1858 | Ōkura-taisuke (大蔵大輔) | Senior 1st Rank (従一位) | 320,000 koku |
| 17 | Script error: No such module "Nihongo".[4] | 1858–1871 | Echizen-no-kami (越前守) | Senior 2nd Rank (従二位 ) | 320,000 koku |
Simplified family tree
- Mizuno Tadamasa, Lord of Kariya (1493–1543). Maternal grandfather of Tokugawa Ieyasu. He had issue, including a daughter:
- Template:Tree list/final branchO-dainokata (1528–1602). She married twice and had issue, including three sons:
- File:Tokugawa family crest.svg Tokugawa Ieyasu, 1st Tokugawa Shōgun (1543–1616; r. 1603–1605) (by O-dainokata's first husband Matsudaira Hirotada (1526–1549))
- File:Simple silver crown.svg I. Yūki (Matsudaira) Hideyasu, 1st Lord of Fukui (cr. 1601) (1574–1607; Lord of Fukui: 1601–1607) (mother: Kotoku-no-Tsubone)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg II. Matsudaira Tadanao, 2nd Lord of Fukui (1595–1650; r. 1607–1623) (mother: Nakagawa no Tsubone)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg III. Matsudaira Tadamasa, 3rd Lord of Fukui (1598–1645; r. 1623–1645) (mother: Nakagawa no Tsubone)
- Matsudaira Masakatsu, Lord of Matsuoka (1636–1693)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg VI. Matsudaira Tsunamasa, 6th Lord of Fukui (1661–1699; r. 1676-1686)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg IX. Matsudaira Munemasa, 9th Lord of Fukui (1675–1724; r. 1721–1724)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg VIII. Matsudaira Yoshikuni, 8th Lord of Fukui (1681–1722; r. 1710–1721)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg IV. Matsudaira Mitsumichi, 4th Lord of Fukui (1636–1674; r. 1645–1674)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg V & VII. Matsudaira Masachika (Yoshiyori, as 7th Lord), 5th and 7th Lord of Fukui (1640–1711; 5th Lord of Fukui: 1674–1676; 7th Lord of Fukui: 1686–1710)
- Matsudaira Masakatsu, Lord of Matsuoka (1636–1693)
- Matsudaira Naomasa, Lord of Matsue (1601–1666) (mother: Gesshoōin)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Chikayoshi, 1st Lord of Echizen-Matsudaira (1632–1717)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Chikatoki, 2nd Lord of Echizen-Matsudaira (1659–1702)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naoyuki, 1st Lord of Itoigawa (1682–1718)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Chikatoki, 2nd Lord of Echizen-Matsudaira (1659–1702)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Chikayoshi, 1st Lord of Echizen-Matsudaira (1632–1717)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naomoto, Lord of Himeji (1604–1648) (mother: Shinryō-in)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naonori, Lord of Shirakawa (1642–1695)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Motochika, Lord of Shirakawa (1682–1721)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg X. Matsudaira Munenori, 10th Lord of Fukui (1715–1749; r. 1724–1749)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Motochika, Lord of Shirakawa (1682–1721)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naonori, Lord of Shirakawa (1642–1695)
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Yorinobu, 1st Lord of Kishū (1602–1671) (mother: Kageyama-dono)
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Mitsutada, 2nd Lord of Kishū (1627–1705)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Tokugawa family crest.svg Tokugawa Yoshimune, 5th Lord of Kishū, 8th Tokugawa Shōgun (1684–1751; Lord of Kishū: 1705–1716; Shōgun: 1716–1745) (mother: Oyuri no Kata later Jōenin (1655–1726))
- Template:Tree list/final branch Tokugawa Munetada, 1st head of the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa line (1721–1765) (mother: Oume no Kata later Shinshin'in (1700–1721))
- File:Simple silver crown.svg XI. Matsudaira Shigemasa, 11th Lord of Fukui (1743–1758; r. 1749–1758) (mother: Ichijo Akiko later Fushin'in)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg XII. Matsudaira Shigetomi, 12th Lord of Fukui (1748–1809; r. 1758–1799) (mother: Oyuka no Kata)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg XIII. Matsudaira Haruyoshi, 13th Lord of Fukui (1768–1826; r. 1799–1825)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg XIV. Matsudaira Naritsugu, 14th Lord of Fukui (1811–1835; r. 1826–1835)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg XIII. Matsudaira Haruyoshi, 13th Lord of Fukui (1768–1826; r. 1799–1825)
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Harusada, 2nd head of the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa line (1751–1827) (mother: Oyuka no Kata)
- File:Tokugawa family crest.svg Tokugawa Ienari, 11th Tokugawa Shōgun (1773–1841; r. 1786–1841)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg XV. Matsudaira Narisawa, 15th Lord of Fukui (1820–1838; r. 1835–1838) (mother: Ohachi no Kata later Honrin'in (?-1850))
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Narimasa, 4th head of the Tayasu-Tokugawa line (1779–1848)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg XVI. Matsudaira Yoshinaga, 16th Lord of Fukui (1828–1890; r. 1838–1858)
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Yoshiyori, 8th head of the Tayasu-Tokugawa line (1828–1876)
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Satotaka, 9th head of the Tayasu-Tokugawa line, 1st Count (1865–1941)
- Template:Tree list/final branchCaptain Tokugawa Satonari IJN, 10th head of the Tayasu-Tokugawa line, 2nd Count (1899–1961)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Matsudaira Munetoshi, 20th family head (b. 1940; 20th family head: 1957–present), m. Matsudaira Tomoko (b. 1944, see below), and has issue, including:
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Teruyasu (b. 1965)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Matsudaira Shizuki (b. 1994)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Teruyasu (b. 1965)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Matsudaira Munetoshi, 20th family head (b. 1940; 20th family head: 1957–present), m. Matsudaira Tomoko (b. 1944, see below), and has issue, including:
- Template:Tree list/final branchCaptain Tokugawa Satonari IJN, 10th head of the Tayasu-Tokugawa line, 2nd Count (1899–1961)
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Satotaka, 9th head of the Tayasu-Tokugawa line, 1st Count (1865–1941)
- File:Tokugawa family crest.svg Tokugawa Ienari, 11th Tokugawa Shōgun (1773–1841; r. 1786–1841)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Tokugawa Munetada, 1st head of the Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa line (1721–1765) (mother: Oume no Kata later Shinshin'in (1700–1721))
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Tokugawa family crest.svg Tokugawa Yoshimune, 5th Lord of Kishū, 8th Tokugawa Shōgun (1684–1751; Lord of Kishū: 1705–1716; Shōgun: 1716–1745) (mother: Oyuri no Kata later Jōenin (1655–1726))
- Template:Tree list/final branchTokugawa Mitsutada, 2nd Lord of Kishū (1627–1705)
- File:Simple silver crown.svg I. Yūki (Matsudaira) Hideyasu, 1st Lord of Fukui (cr. 1601) (1574–1607; Lord of Fukui: 1601–1607) (mother: Kotoku-no-Tsubone)
- Matsudaira Yasumoto, 1st Lord of Sekiyado (1552–1603) (by O-dainokata's second husband Hisamatsu Toshikatsu (1526–1587))
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Tadayoshi, 2nd Lord of Sekiyado (1582–1624)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Yasunao, Lord of Nagashina (1623–1696)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Sadakazu (1662–1745), m. the daughter of Matsudaira Tadamasa, Lord of Kariya (1610–1673)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naoyoshi, 2nd Lord of Itoigawa (1701–1739)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Katafusa, 3rd Lord of Itoigawa (1734–1773)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naotsugu, 4th Lord of Itoigawa (1759–1814)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naomasu, 5th Lord of Itoigawa (1789–1833)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naoharu, 6th Lord of Itoigawa (1810–1878)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg XVII. Matsudaira Mochiaki, 17th Lord of Fukui, 7th Lord of Itoigawa, 17th family head, 1st Marquess (1836–1890; Lord of Itoigawa: 1857–1858; Lord of Fukui: 1858–1869; Governor of Fukui: 1869–1871; 17th family head: 1858–1890; Count: 1884; Marquess: 1888)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Matsudaira Yasutaka, 18th family head and 2nd Marquess (1867–1930; 18th family head and 2nd Marquess: 1890–1930)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Matsudaira Yasumasa, 19th family head and 3rd Marquess (1893–1957; 19th family head: 1930–1957; 3rd Marquess: 1930–1947)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Yasuchika (1916–1947)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Tomoko (b. 1944), m. Matsudaira Munetoshi, 20th family head (b. 1940)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Yasuchika (1916–1947)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Matsudaira Yasumasa, 19th family head and 3rd Marquess (1893–1957; 19th family head: 1930–1957; 3rd Marquess: 1930–1947)
- Template:Tree list/final branch Matsudaira Yasutaka, 18th family head and 2nd Marquess (1867–1930; 18th family head and 2nd Marquess: 1890–1930)
- Template:Tree list/final branchFile:Simple silver crown.svg XVII. Matsudaira Mochiaki, 17th Lord of Fukui, 7th Lord of Itoigawa, 17th family head, 1st Marquess (1836–1890; Lord of Itoigawa: 1857–1858; Lord of Fukui: 1858–1869; Governor of Fukui: 1869–1871; 17th family head: 1858–1890; Count: 1884; Marquess: 1888)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naoharu, 6th Lord of Itoigawa (1810–1878)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naomasu, 5th Lord of Itoigawa (1789–1833)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naotsugu, 4th Lord of Itoigawa (1759–1814)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Katafusa, 3rd Lord of Itoigawa (1734–1773)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Naoyoshi, 2nd Lord of Itoigawa (1701–1739)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Sadakazu (1662–1745), m. the daughter of Matsudaira Tadamasa, Lord of Kariya (1610–1673)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Yasunao, Lord of Nagashina (1623–1696)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Tadayoshi, 2nd Lord of Sekiyado (1582–1624)
- Template:Tree list/final branchHisamatsu Sadakatsu, Lord of Kuwana (1560–1624)
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Tadamasa, Lord of Kariya (1610–1673)
- Template:Tree list/final branchA daughter, who married Matsudaira Sadakazu (1662–1745), and had issue – see above.
- Template:Tree list/final branchMatsudaira Tadamasa, Lord of Kariya (1610–1673)
- File:Tokugawa family crest.svg Tokugawa Ieyasu, 1st Tokugawa Shōgun (1543–1616; r. 1603–1605) (by O-dainokata's first husband Matsudaira Hirotada (1526–1549))
- Template:Tree list/final branchO-dainokata (1528–1602). She married twice and had issue, including three sons:
Holdings at the end of the Edo period
Like most domains in the han system, Fukui Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned kokudaka, based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields,[6][7]
- Echizen Province
- 158 villages in Asuwa District
- 136 villages in Yoshida District
- 57 villages in Nanjō District
- 57 villages in Imadate District
- 93 villages in Nyū District
- 8 villages in Ōno District
- 168 villages in Sakai District
In addition, Fukui Domain administered the extensive tenryō territories in Echizen Province on behalf of the Tokugawa shogunate, deriving substantial revenue from these holdings, which were not counted as part of its nominal kokudaka.
See also
References
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- ↑ Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie du Japon; Papinot, (2003).
- ↑ a b Gow, Ian. (2004). Military Intervention in Pre-War Japanese Politics, p. 16.
- ↑ Gow, pp. 16–17.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie du Japon; Papinot, (2003). "Matsudaira" at Nobiliare du Japon, p. 30; retrieved April 9, 2013.
- ↑ Genealogy (jp)
- ↑ Mass, Jeffrey P. and William B. Hauser. (1987). The Bakufu in Japanese History, p. 150.
- ↑ Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987). Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century, p. 18.
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External links
- "Fukui" at Edo 300 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang
- 越前松平氏 (Echizen Matsudaira) at ReichsArchiv.jp Template:In lang
Template:Domains of Hokuriku and Kōshin Template:Authority control