Foreign relations of Uruguay

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Template:Short description

Script error: No such module "Sidebar". This article deals with the diplomatic affairs, foreign policy and international relations of Uruguay. At the political level, these matters are officially handled by the Ministry of Foreign Relations, also known as Cancillería, which answers to the President.

Overview

Uruguay traditionally has had strong political and cultural links with its neighbours and Europe. British diplomat Alfred Mitchell-Innes was Minister to Uruguay throughout the crucial years of World War I (1913–1919).

With globalization and regional economic problems, its links to North America have strengthened. Uruguay is a strong advocate of constitutional democracy, political pluralism, and individual liberties. Its international relations historically have been guided by the principles of nonintervention, multilateralism, respect for national sovereignty, and reliance on the rule of law to settle disputes. Uruguay's international relations also reflect its drive to seek export markets and foreign investment. It is a founding member of MERCOSUR. In June 1991, MERCOSUR and the United States signed the Rose Garden Agreement (also known as the "Four Plus One" Agreement). The agreement was non-operational until June 2001 when MERCOSUR invited the U.S. to discuss the feasibility of market access negotiations. The first U.S.-MERCOSUR meeting was held on September 24, 2001, and resulted in the creation of four working groups on industrial trade, e-commerce, agriculture, and investment.

Uruguay was a member of the Rio Group, an association of Latin American states that deals with multilateral security issues (under the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance), prior to the group's dissolution in 2011. Uruguay's location between Argentina and Brazil makes close relations with these two larger neighbors and MERCOSUR associate members Chile and Bolivia particularly important. An early proponent of the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, Uruguay has actively participated in the follow-up process to the periodic Summits of the Americas, especially the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). Often considered a neutral country and blessed with a professional diplomatic corps, Uruguay is often called on to preside international bodies. Most recently, Uruguay was selected to chair the FTAA and WTO agricultural committees and a Uruguayan presides over the WTO General Assembly. Uruguay also is a member of the Latin American Integration Association (ALADI), a trade association based in Montevideo that includes 10 South American countries plus Mexico and Cuba.

In 2020, the new right-wing president of Uruguay, Luis Lacalle Pou, announced that he will implement radical changes in Uruguay's foreign policy, taking a harder attitude against disputed President Nicolas Maduro's regime in Venezuela and improving relations with the U.S. The previous left-wing government of Uruguay had recognized Maduro as Venezuela's president. President Luis Lacalle Pou also declared the presidents of Venezuela and Cuba to be "dictators."[1]

Disputes - international: Uncontested disputes with Brazil over tiny Isla Brasilera at the mouth of the Quarai/Cuareim River near the Argentina tripoint, and, 225 kilometers upriver, over the 235 km2. Invernada River region, as to which tributary is the legitimate source of the Quarai/Cuareim River.

In the 1960s, the US Office of Public Safety helped in training Uruguayan police officers. Dan Mitrione taught torture methods used against the civilian population and the Tupamaros.[2]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Uruguay maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Uruguay.svg
# Country Date
1 File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina Template:Dts[3]
2 File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[4]
3 File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[5]
4 File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[6][7]
5 File:Flag of France.svg France Template:Dts[8]
6 File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[9]
7 File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[10]
8 File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile Template:Dts[11]
9 File:Flag of Paraguay.svg Paraguay Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[12]
10 File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal Template:Dts[13]
11 File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[14]
12 File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[15][16]
13 File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru Template:Dts[17]
14 File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[18]
15 File:Flag of the United States.svg United States Template:Dts[19]
16 File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain Template:Dts[20]
— File:Flag of Vatican City (2023–present).svg Holy See Template:DTS[21]
17 File:Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador Template:Dts[22]
18 File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia Template:Dts[23]
19 File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela Template:Dts[24]
20 File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[25]
21 File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Template:Dts[26][27]
22 File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba Template:Dts[28]
23 File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[29]
24 File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[30]
25 File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[31]
26 File:Flag of Guatemala.svg Guatemala Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[32]
27 File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[33]
28 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Template:Dts[34]
29 File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[35]
30 File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[36]
31 File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[37]
32 File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[38][39]
33 File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica Template:Dts[40][41]
34 File:Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[42]
35 File:Flag of Honduras (2022-).svg Honduras Template:Dts[43]
36 File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua Template:Dts[44][45]
37 File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
38 File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[47]
39 File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[48]
40 File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[49]
41 File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[50]
42 File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[51]
43 File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[52]
44 File:Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[53]
45 File:Flag of the Syrian revolution.svg Syria Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[54]
46 File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[55]
47 File:Flag of India.svg India Template:Dts[56]
48 File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[57]
49 File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia Template:Dts[58]
50 File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[59]
51 File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany Template:Dts[60]
52 File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[61]
53 File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[62]
54 File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[63]
55 File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[64]
56 File:Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[65]
57 File:Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
58 File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[66]
59 File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan 1964[67]
60 File:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
— File:Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg Sovereign Military Order of Malta Template:Dts[68]
61 File:Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
62 File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[69]
63 File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus Template:Dts[70]
64 File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia Template:Dts[71]
65 File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[72]
66 File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
67 File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[73]
68 File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta Template:Dts[74]
69 File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran Template:Dts[75]
70 File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[76]
71 File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[77]
72 File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
73 File:Flag of Suriname.svg Suriname Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[78]
74 File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[79]
75 File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait Template:Dts[80]
76 File:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg Equatorial Guinea Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
77 File:Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq Template:Dts[81]
78 File:Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
79 File:Flag of Gabon.svg Gabon Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
80 File:Flag of Kenya.svg Kenya Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[82]
81 File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[83]
82 File:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg Democratic Republic of the Congo Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[84]
83 File:Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg Ivory Coast Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
84 File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
85 File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
86 File:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[86]
87 File:Flag of Grenada.svg Grenada Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
88 File:Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[87]
89 File:Flag of Angola.svg Angola Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
90 File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[88]
91 File:Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
92 File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[89]
93 File:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg Antigua and Barbuda Template:Dts[90]
94 File:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[91]
95 File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh Template:Dts[92]
96 File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[93]
97 File:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg Republic of the Congo Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
98 File:Flag of Belize.svg Belize Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
99 File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
100 File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
101 File:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg Central African Republic Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
102 File:Flag of Mauritania.svg Mauritania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
103 File:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg Saint Lucia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
104 File:Flag of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg São Tomé and Príncipe Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
105 File:Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg Afghanistan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
106 File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[94]
107 File:Flag of Libya.svg Libya Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
108 File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[95]
109 File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[96]
110 File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
111 File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
112 File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
113 File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[97]
114 File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
115 File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
116 File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[98]
117 File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
118 File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
119 File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
120 File:Flag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[65]
121 File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein Template:Dts[99]
122 Template:Country data Georgia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[100]
123 File:Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
124 File:Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
125 File:Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
126 File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
127 File:Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[101]
128 File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
129 File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
130 File:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[102]
131 File:Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
132 File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra Template:Dts[103]
133 File:Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
134 File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Uzbekistan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[104]
135 File:Flag of Lesotho.svg Lesotho Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
136 File:Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
137 File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[65]
138 File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
139 File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
140 File:Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
141 File:Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco Template:Dts[105]
142 Template:Country data North Macedonia Template:Dts[106]
— File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
143 File:Flag of Botswana.svg Botswana Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
144 File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
145 File:Flag of Guinea.svg Guinea Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
146 File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg Burkina Faso Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
147 File:Flag of Madagascar.svg Madagascar Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[107]
148 File:Flag of The Gambia.svg Gambia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
149 File:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg Togo Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
150 File:Flag of Djibouti.svg Djibouti Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
151 File:Flag of Benin.svg Benin Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
152 File:Flag of East Timor.svg Timor-Leste Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[108]
153 File:Flag of Seychelles.svg Seychelles Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
154 File:Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
155 File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[109]
156 File:Flag of the Comoros.svg Comoros Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
157 File:Flag of Rwanda.svg Rwanda Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
158 File:Flag of Vanuatu.svg Vanuatu Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
159 File:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg Marshall Islands Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
160 File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
161 File:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg Sierra Leone Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
162 File:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg Solomon Islands Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
163 File:Flag of Dominica.svg Dominica Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[110][111]
164 File:Flag of Nauru.svg Nauru Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[112]
165 File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
— Template:Country data State of Palestine Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
166 File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
167 File:Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
168 File:Flag of Niger.svg Niger Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
169 File:Flag of Samoa.svg Samoa Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
170 File:Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg Federated States of Micronesia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
171 File:Flag of Cape Verde.svg Cape Verde Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
172 File:Flag of Cameroon.svg Cameroon Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[46]
173 File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
174 File:Flag of Tonga.svg Tonga Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
175 File:Flag of Laos.svg Laos Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[85]
176 File:Flag of Mali.svg Mali Unknown

Bilateral relations

Africa

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Angola.svg Angola See Angola–Uruguay relations
  • Angola has a consulate-general in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Angola from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
File:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg Democratic Republic of the Congo 31 March 1984[84]

See Democratic Republic of the Congo–Uruguay relations

In December 2021, President Luis Lacalle Pou paid a visit to Bukavu and Goma and visited with Uruguayan soldiers stationed there as part of MONUSCO in Eastern DR Congo.[113]

  • DR Congo is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to the DR Congo from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt See Egypt–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Libya.svg Libya 4 October 1991

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 October 1991.[116]

  • Libya is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Libya from its embassy in Cairo, Egypt.
File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa See South Africa–Uruguay relations
  • South Africa is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Pretoria.

Americas

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 20 July 1811 See Argentina–Uruguay relations

Uruguay and Argentina established diplomatic relations on July 20, 1811. Uruguay gained its independence after the Cisplatine War, with Argentine aid. During the Uruguayan Civil War, Argentina supported the National Party. The countries were allied during the Paraguayan War.

Since the end of the 19th century, both countries have shared a similar pattern of European immigration. They have very close economic, cultural and political ties with each other. Between the 1960s and the 1990s there was much Uruguayan immigration to Argentina. Today, there are around 120,000 people of Uruguayan descent living in Argentina.

In 2006 the countries had their first diplomatic tensions over the Pulp mill dispute, which was resolved in 2010.

  • Argentina has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Buenos Aires.
File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia See Bolivia–Uruguay relations
  • Bolivia has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in La Paz.
File:Flag of Belize.svg Belize 28 September 1987
File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil See Brazil–Uruguay relations
  • Brazil and Uruguay are neighboring countries that share close historical, cultural and geographical ties. The singularity of the bilateral relationship between the two countries originates from the strong historical connection - marked by important events, such as the establishment of the Colônia do Sacramento in 1680, the annexation by Brazil and the subsequent creation of the Província Cisplatina in 1815, and Uruguay's independence from Brazil in 1828.[118]
  • The signing of the Treaty of Asunción in 1991 initiated a period of closer political, economical and diplomatic ties.
  • Brazil has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Brasília.
File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada 1953 See Canada–Uruguay relations
  • Canada has an embassy in Montevideo.[119]
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Ottawa, two consulates general in Montreal and Toronto, and an honorary consulate in Vancouver.[120]
  • Canada and Uruguay have a Foreign Investment Protection Agreement (FIPA) which came into force in 1999; a bilateral Social Security Agreement that came into force in January 2002; and a bilateral Audiovisual Co-Production Agreement to encourage joint film productions, which came into force in October 2005.
  • Both countries are full members of the Cairns Group and of the Organization of American States.
File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile See Chile–Uruguay relations
  • Chile has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Santiago.
File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia See Colombia–Uruguay relations
  • Colombia has an embassy in Montevideo.[121]
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Bogotá.
File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica See Costa Rica–Uruguay relations
  • Costa Rica has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in San José.
File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba See Cuba–Uruguay relations
  • Cuba has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Havana.
File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic See Dominican Republic–Uruguay relations
  • Dominican Republic has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Santo Domingo.
File:Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador See Ecuador–Uruguay relations
  • Ecuador has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Quito.
File:Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador See El Salvador–Uruguay relations
  • El Salvador has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in San Salvador.
File:Flag of Guatemala.svg Guatemala See Guatemala–Uruguay relations
  • Guatemala has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Guatemala City.
File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana 3 June 1985
File:Flag of Honduras (2022-).svg Honduras See Honduras–Uruguay relations
  • Honduras is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Honduras from its embassy in Guatemala City, Guatemala.
File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 22 February 1831 See Mexico–Uruguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on the 22 February 1831.

File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua See Nicaragua–Uruguay relations
  • Nicaragua is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Santiago, Chile.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Nicaragua from its embassy in Guatemala City, Guatemala.
File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama See Panama–Uruguay relations
  • Panama has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Panama City.
File:Flag of Paraguay.svg Paraguay See Paraguay–Uruguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on April 6, 1845. During the Paraguayan War, even if Uruguay was the smallest member of the coalition which Paraguay had to face, soldiers of both countries fought each other during three major battles: Battle of Jataí, Battle of Tuyutí and Battle of Curupaity. Both countries were founding members of the Mercosur. Both countries are full members of the Latin Union, of the Association of Spanish Language Academies, of the Organization of American States, of the Organization of Ibero-American States, of the Union of South American Nations, and of the former Rio Group.

  • Paraguay has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Asunción.
File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru See Peru–Uruguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1912, but various agreements were informally passed during the second half of the 19th century. Both countries are full members of the Latin Union, of the Association of Spanish Language Academies, of the Organization of American States, of the Organization of Ibero-American States and of the Union of South American Nations, and of the former Rio Group.

  • Peru has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Lima.
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States See United States–Uruguay relations

Uruguay cooperates with the U.S. on law enforcement matters, such as regional efforts to fight drug trafficking and terrorism. It has also been very active in human rights issues. In 2002, Uruguay and the U.S. created a Joint Commission on Trade and Investment (JCTI) to exchange ideas on a variety of economic topics. In March 2003, the JCTI identified six areas of concentration until the eventual signing of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA): customs issues, intellectual property protection, investment, labor, environment, and trade in goods. In late 2004, Uruguay and the U.S. signed an Open Skies Agreement, which was ratified in May 2006. In November 2005, they signed a Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), which entered into force on November 1, 2006. A Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) was signed in January 2007. More than 80 U.S.-owned companies operate in Uruguay, and many more market U.S. goods and services.

File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela See Uruguay–Venezuela relations
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Caracas.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Montevideo.

Asia

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia 27 May 1992 See Armenia–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan 11 January 1995[127] See Azerbaijan–Uruguay relations
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 1988 See China–Uruguay relations
  • China has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Beijing.
File:Flag of India.svg India See India–Uruguay relations
  • India is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in New Delhi.
File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran See Iran–Uruguay relations
  • Iran has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Tehran.
File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel See Israel–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan September 1921 See Japan–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon 1945 See Lebanon–Uruguay relations
  • Lebanon has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Beirut.
File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia See Malaysia–Uruguay relations
  • Malaysia is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.
File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan
  • In 2006 a commercial agreement was celebrated between Pakistan and Mercosur (a trade bloc of which Uruguay is part).[131] There is a Pakistan-Uruguay Chamber of Commerce.[132][133][134] *When war broke out in East Pakistan in 1971, Uruguay initially hesistated to take sides. However, on August 24, 1971, Uruguay recognized Bangladesh (hithero East Pakistan) as an independent state.[135]
  • In 2007 Montevideo hosted the first 'International Kashmir Conference'. The Prime Minister of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Sardar Attique Ahmed Khan took part in the event, which was co-organized by the Catholic University of Uruguay.[136][137] Khan met with a number of Uruguayan senators during his stay.[138]
  • Pakistan is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Pakistan from is embassy in Tehran, Iran.
Template:Country data Palestine See Palestine–Uruguay relations
  • Palestine has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Ramallah.
File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Riyadh.
File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 7 October 1964[139] See South Korea–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 1929[141] See Turkey–Uruguay relations
  • Turkey has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate-general in Istanbul.[141]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$341.4 million in 2019 (Uruguay's exports/imports: 298.6/42.8 million USD).[141]
File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam See Uruguay–Vietnam relations
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Europe

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria See Austria–Uruguay relations
  • Austria is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Vienna.
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium See Belgium–Uruguay relations
  • Belgium is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Brussels.
File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic See Czech Republic–Uruguay relations
  • Czech Republic is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.[142]
  • Uruguay is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.[143]
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark
  • Denmark is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland 21 March 1935 See Finland–Uruguay relations
  • Uruguay recognised the independence of Finland on August 18, 1919.
  • Finland is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina and maintains an honorary consulate in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Helsinki.
File:Flag of France.svg France 1825 See France–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany 1850 See Germany–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece See Greece–Uruguay relations
  • Greece has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Athens.
File:Flag of Vatican City (2023–present).svg Holy See See Holy See–Uruguay relations
  • Holy See and an apostolic nunciature in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Rome accredited to the Holy See.
File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary See Hungary–Uruguay relations
  • Hungary is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina and has an embassy office in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Hungary from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.
File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy 1861 See Italy–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands See Netherlands–Uruguay relations
  • Netherlands is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in The Hague.
File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland See Poland–Uruguay relations
  • Poland is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal See Portugal–Uruguay relations
  • Portugal has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Lisbon.
File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania See Romania–Uruguay relations
  • Romania has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Bucharest.
File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia See Russia–Uruguay relations

Russia is looking for cooperation with Uruguay in the field of nuclear energy, the Russian ambassador to Latin America said: "Our countries could maintain cooperation in the sphere of nuclear energy although Uruguay's legislation bans the use of nuclear energy". The diplomat said Uruguayan officials had shown interest in a floating nuclear power plant, when the project's presentation took place at the Russian Embassy recently. The first floating plant will have capacity of 70 MW of electricity, and about 300 MW of thermal power. The cost of the first plant is estimated at US$400 million, but could later be reduced to $240 million. This year marks the 150th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Russia and Uruguay.

File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia 1950

Both countries have established diplomatic relations in September 1950.[146] A number of bilateral agreements in various fields have been concluded and are in force between both countries.[147]

  • Serbia is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Serbia from its embassy in Bucharest, Romania.
File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain 19 July 1870 See Spain–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden See Sweden–Uruguay relations
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina and maintains and honorary consulate in Montevideo.
File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 1828 See Switzerland–Uruguay relations

Both countries share a long history of mutual economic relations, and they established diplomatic relations in 1828.[150] In the twentieth century, Uruguay has looked to Switzerland as a model for government, historical and cultural ties go back to at least the nineteenth century.[151] There are 956 people with Swiss passports residing in Uruguay in 2009. Uruguay was described as the "Switzerland of the Americas" in a 1951 New York Times article for its popularity as a haven for capital fleeing Europe at the time and its adoption of Swiss-inspired banking laws. Thomas J. Knight also wrote that "Uruguay has for most of its history been the 'Switzerland' of South America."[152]

  • Switzerland has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Bern.
File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine See Ukraine–Uruguay relations
  • Ukraine is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires (Argentina).[153]
  • Uruguay is accredited to Ukraine from its embassy in Bucharest (Romania) and through an honorary consulate in Kyiv.[154]
  • There are around 10,000 people of Ukrainian descent living in Uruguay.
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 1833 See United Kingdom–Uruguay relations
File:Prime Minister Boris Johnson Bilateral with President of Uruguay (52092855197).jpg
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Uruguayan President Luis Lacalle Pou in 10 Downing Street, May 2022.

Uruguay established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom in 1833.[6][7]

  • Uruguay maintains an embassy in London.[7]
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Uruguay through its embassy in Montevideo.[155]

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,[156] the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.[157]

Oceania

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia See Australia–Uruguay relations
File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand

See also

References

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  118. ↑ Embaixada do Brasil em Montevideo: Relações Bilaterais Template:Webarchive
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  120. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  121. ↑ Embassy of Colombia in Montevideo
  122. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  123. ↑ Embassy of Mexico in Montevideo
  124. ↑ Embassy of Uruguay in Mexico City
  125. ↑ Relación Bilateral entre México y Uruguay (in Spanish only) Template:Webarchive
  126. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  127. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  128. ↑ Israeli embassy in Montevideo (in Spanish only)
  129. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  130. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  131. ↑ Pakistan-Mercosur Template:Webarchive Template:In lang
  132. ↑ Chamber of Commerce Template:Webarchive
  133. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
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  135. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  136. ↑ Associated Press of Pakistan. AJK PM arrives in Montevideo Template:Webarchive
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  140. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  141. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  142. ↑ Czech Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Embassy in Argentina
  143. ↑ Czech Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Embassy of Uruguay in Austria
  144. ↑ French embassy in Montevideo (in French and Spanish only) Template:Webarchive
  145. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  146. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  147. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  148. ↑ Embassy of Spain in Montevideo (in Spanish only) Template:Webarchive
  149. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  150. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  151. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  153. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  154. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  155. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  156. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  157. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

  • Cameselle-Pesce, Pedro M. "Forgotten neighbors: The challenge of Uruguay-United States relations during the era of Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1929-1945" (PhD. Diss. Fordham University, 2016; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2016. 10256204).
  • Knarr, James C., "Uruguay and the United States, 1903–1929: Diplomacy in the Progressive Era" New Studies in U.S. Foreign Relations (2012). online Template:Webarchive
  • Luján, Carlos. "Brazil as a global stakeholder: a view from Uruguay." in Foreign policy responses to the rise of Brazil: balancing power in emerging states (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016) pp. 90-113. online
  • Meyer, Peter J. "Uruguay: Political and Economic Conditions and US Relations." (Library Of Congress Washington Dc Congressional Research Service, 2010) online.
  • Travieso, Emiliano. "United by grass, separated by coal: Uruguay and New Zealand during the First Globalization." Journal of Global History 15.2 (2020): 269–289. online
  • Urdinez, Francisco, Camilo López Burian, and Amâncio Jorge de Oliveira. "Mercosur and the Brazilian leadership challenge in the era of Chinese growth: a Uruguayan foreign policy perspective." New Global Studies 10.1 (2016): 1-25. online Template:Webarchive
  • Winn, Peter. "British informal empire in Uruguay in the nineteenth century." Past & Present 73 (1976): 100-126. online

External links

Template:Foreign relations of Uruguay Template:Foreign relations in South America Template:Uruguay topics Template:Authority control

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