Foreign relations of Papua New Guinea

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File:APEC Leaders Photo - Papua New Guinea 2018.jpg
APEC 2018 in Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea's foreign policy reflects close ties with Australia and other traditional allies and cooperative relations with neighboring countries. Its views on international political and economic issues are generally moderate.

Papua New Guinea belongs to a variety of regional organizations, including the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum; the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) (Papua New Guinea is an observer member of the ASEAN); the South Pacific Commission; the Pacific Islands Forum; the Melanesian Spearhead Group and the South Pacific Regional Environmental Program (SPREP).

Papua New Guinea has been a member of The Forum of Small States (FOSS) since the group's founding in 1992.[1]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Papua New Guinea maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Papua New Guinea.svg
# Country Date
1 File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Template:Dts[2]
2 File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Template:Dts[2]
3 File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia Template:Dts[2]
4 File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Template:Dts[2]
5 File:Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji Template:Dts[2]
6 File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines Template:Dts[2]
7 File:Flag of the United States.svg United States Template:Dts[2]
8 File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan Template:Dts[2]
9 File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand Template:Dts[2]
10 File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia Template:Dts[2]
11 File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania Template:Dts[2]
12 File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Template:Dts[2]
13 File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea Template:Dts[2]
14 File:Flag of India.svg India Template:Dts[2]
15 File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico Template:Dts[2]
16 File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia Template:Dts[2]
17 File:Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea Template:Dts[2]
18 File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Template:Dts[2]
19 File:Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia Template:Dts[2]
20 File:Flag of France.svg France Template:Dts[2]
21 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Template:Dts[2]
22 File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia Template:Dts[2]
23 File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada Template:Dts[2]
24 File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway Template:Dts[3]
25 File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile Template:Dts[2]
26 File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Template:Dts[2]
27 File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany Template:Dts[2]
28 File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Template:Dts[2]
29 File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan Template:Dts[4]
30 File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China Template:Dts[2]
31 File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal Template:Dts[2]
32 File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Template:Dts[2]
33 File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Template:Dts[5]
34 File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece Template:Dts[6][7]
— File:Flag of Vatican City (2023–present).svg Holy See Template:Dts[2]
35 File:Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana Template:Dts[8]
36 File:Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq Template:Dts[9]
37 File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland Template:Dts[10]
38 File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Template:Dts[11]
39 File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Template:Dts[12]
40 File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland Template:Dts[13]
41 File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus Template:Dts[14]
42 File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica Template:Dts[15]
43 File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel Template:Dts[16]
44 File:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg Solomon Islands Template:Dts[17]
45 File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain Template:Dts[18]
46 File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina Template:Dts[19]
47 File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy Template:Dts[20]
48 File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Template:Dts[21]
49 File:Flag of Samoa.svg Samoa Template:Dts[22]
50 File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu Template:Dts[23]
51 File:Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania Template:Dts[24][25]
52 File:Flag of Vanuatu.svg Vanuatu Template:Dts[26]
53 File:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria Template:Dts[27]
54 File:Flag of Tonga.svg Tonga Template:Dts[27]
55 File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka Template:Dts[28]
56 File:Flag of Kiribati.svg Kiribati Before Template:DTS[29]
57 File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh Template:Dts[30]
58 File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru Template:Dts[31]
59 File:Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei Template:Dts[32]
60 File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia Template:Dts[19]
61 File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe Template:Dts[33]
62 File:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg Marshall Islands Template:Dts[34]
63 File:Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg Federated States of Micronesia Template:Dts[35]
64 File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Template:Dts[36]
65 File:Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives Template:Dts[19]
66 File:Flag of Nauru.svg Nauru Template:Dts[37]
67 File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil Template:Dts[19]
68 File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba Template:Dts[38][39]
69 File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam Template:Dts[40]
70 File:Flag of Laos.svg Laos Template:Dts[19]
71 File:Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia Template:Dts[19]
72 File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela Template:Dts[41]
73 File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica Template:Dts[42]
74 File:Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar Template:Dts[19]
75 File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania Template:Dts[43]
76 File:Flag of Palau.svg Palau Template:Dts[44]
77 File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa Template:Dts[19]
— Template:Country data State of Palestine Template:Dts[19]
78 File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait Template:Dts[45]
— File:Flag of the Cook Islands.svg Cook Islands Template:Dts[46]
79 File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama Template:Dts[19]
80 File:Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia Template:Dts[19]
81 File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia Template:Dts[19]
82 File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia Template:Dts[47]
83 File:Flag of East Timor.svg Timor-Leste Template:Dts[48]
84 File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland Template:Dts[19]
85 File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Template:Dts[49]
86 File:Flag of Botswana.svg Botswana Template:Dts[50]
87 File:Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal Template:Dts[51]
— File:Flag of Niue.svg Niue Template:Dts[52]
88 File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt Template:Dts[53]
89 File:Flag of Paraguay.svg Paraguay Template:Dts[19]
90 File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Template:Dts[54]
91 Template:Country data Georgia Template:Dts[55]
92 File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar Template:Dts[19]
93 File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates Template:Dts[19]
94 File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta Template:Dts[56]
95 File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Template:Dts[19]
96 File:Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco Template:Dts[57]
97 File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Template:Dts[58]
98 File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua Template:Dts[19]
99 File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan Template:Dts[19]
100 File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan Template:Dts[19]
101 File:Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain Template:Dts[19]
102 File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria Template:Dts[19]
103 File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan Template:Dts[59]
104 File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine Template:Dts[60]

Bilateral relations

Americas

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada 9 August 1976
  • Canada is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its High Commission in Canberra, Australia.[61]
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[62]
File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 13 October 1989

In the late 2000s, Papua New Guinea began to strengthen its relations with Cuba. Cuba provides medical aid to the country.[63] In September 2008, a PNG government representative attended the first Cuba-Pacific Islands ministerial meeting in Havana, aimed at "strengthening cooperation" between Cuba and Pacific Island countries, notably in coping with the effects of climate change.[64]

File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 19 May 1976 See Mexico–Papua New Guinea relations
  • Mexico is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.[65]
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[62]
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 16 September 1975 See Papua New Guinea–United States relations

The U.S. and Papua New Guinea are signatories to the U.S.-Pacific Islands Multilateral Tuna Fisheries Treaty, under which the U.S. grants $63 million per year to Pacific Island parties and the latter provide access for U.S. fishing vessels. The U.S. also supports Papua New Guinea's efforts to protect biodiversity; the International Coral Reef Initiative is aimed at protecting reefs in tropical nations such as Papua New Guinea.

Asia

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 12 October 1976 See China–Papua New Guinea relations

The Independent State of Papua New Guinea and the People's Republic of China (PRC) established official diplomatic relations in 1976, soon after Papua New Guinea became independent. The two countries currently maintain diplomatic, economic and, to a lesser degree, military relations. Relations are cordial; China is a significant provider of both investments and development aid to Papua New Guinea.

File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus 20 April 1978
File:Flag of India.svg India 19 May 1976 See India-Papua New Guinea Relations
  • India has a High Commission in Port Moresby.[68]
  • Papua New Guinea maintains a High Commission in New Delhi.[69]
File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia 16 September 1975 See Indonesia–Papua New Guinea relations

Western New Guinea (which consists of six Indonesian provinces: Papua, West Papua, Central Papua, Highland Papua, South Papua, and Southwest Papua) and Papua New Guinea share a Script error: No such module "convert". border that has raised tensions and ongoing diplomatic issues over many decades.[70] Indonesia is represented in Papua New Guinea with an embassy in Port Moresby and a consulate in Vanimo. Reciprocally, Papua New Guinea has an Ambassador in Jakarta and a Consul-General in Jayapura.

File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 16 September 1975

Diplomatic relations between Japan and Papua New Guinea were established on 16 September 1975, the date Papua-New Guinea became independent. Japan maintains an embassy at Port Moresby. Papua-New Guinea is currently the largest recipient of Japanese foreign aid in the Pacific. Ministerial level visits are frequent between the two countries.[71] Reciprocally, Papua New Guinea has an embassy in Tokyo.

File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait Template:Dts Diplomatic relations between both countries established 5 April 1995 when first Ambassador of Kuwait to Papua New Guinea with residence in Tokyo Mr.Suhail K. Shuhaiber presented his credentials to Governor General of Papua New Guinea Sir Wiwa Korowi.[45]
File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines 16 September 1975

In March 2009, The Philippines and Papua New Guinea entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that would enhance the cooperation between the two countries on the development of fisheries. The MoU will facilitate technology transfer in aquaculture development, promotion of shipping ventures, investments, technical training, joint research, and "strategic complementation" of each country's plans in the "Coral Triangle" – or the waters between the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Pacific Islands.[72] In the same year, Papua New Guinea asked the Philippines for help in its pursuit of membership to ASEAN.[73][74]

File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 19 May 1976 See Papua New Guinea–South Korea relations.

The Independent State of Papua New Guinea and the Republic of Korea have established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1976.[75]

  • Papua New Guinea and South Korea have good relations.
    • Papua New Guinean embassy in Seoul.[76]
    • South Korean embassy in Port Moresby.[77]
  • South Koreans of Long-Term Residents in Papua New Guinea was about around 201 in 2019.
File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 30 May 1979[78]

Europe

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of France.svg France 22 June 1976 See France–Papua New Guinea relations

Official diplomatic relations were established in 1976. Papua New Guinea is a member of the United Nations' Special Committee on Decolonization. The French government has noted what it calls Port Moresby's "moderate" attitude on the issue of the decolonisation of New Caledonia - which, like Papua New Guinea, is located in Melanesia.[79] The French National Assembly maintains a Friendship Group with Papua New Guinea.

File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland 10 February 1978 See Papua New Guinea–Poland relations.
File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia 23 May 1976

Both countries have established diplomatic relations in 1976.[80] Papua New Guinea recognized Kosovo as independent from 3 October 2012 until withdrawing its recognition on 5 July 2018.

File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain 28 August 1978 See Papua New Guinea–Spain relations.
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
  • Spain is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 16 September 1975 See Papua New Guinea–United Kingdom relations
File:Foreign Secretary James Cleverly visits Papua New Guinea (52829685765).jpg
Papua New Guinean Prime Minister James Marape with British Foreign Secretary James Cleverly in Port Moresby, April 2023.

Papua New Guinea established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 16 September 1975.[81] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms.

The UK governed Papua New Guinea from 1884 until 1906, when the territory was transferred to Australia.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement,[84] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.,[85] an Investment Agreement.[86] and a Security Agreement,[87]

Oceania

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia 16 September 1975 See Australia–Papua New Guinea relations

Relations with Australia were strained in 2006 when Prime Minister Sir Michael Somare was accused of having facilitated Julian Moti's escape to the Solomon Islands.[88] Moti was wanted in Australia for serious alleged child sex offences. In retaliation, the Australian government banned Somare from entering Australia; all talks between Canberra and Port Moresby were suspended. In September 2007, relations began to thaw,[89] and in December 2007, the new Australian Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd, met Sir Michael in Bali. Rudd announced what appears to be a normalisation of relations: "This relationship has been through a very difficult period in recent times. There has in effect been a freeze on ministerial contact between the two governments. I do not believe that's an appropriate way for the future."[90]

File:Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji 16 September 1975

As of November 2005, relations with Pacific neighbor Fiji have been strained by revelations that a number of Fijian mercenaries have been operating illegally on the island of Bougainville, arming and training a rebel militia. Both Fiji and Papua New Guinea are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.

File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand 16 September 1975 See New Zealand–Papua New Guinea relations

Papua New Guinea and the Commonwealth of Nations

Papua New Guinea has been a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations since 1975, when it gained independence from Australia under the terms of the Australian Parliament's Papua New Guinea Independence Act 1975.

See also

References

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  73. ↑ Papua New Guinea asks RP support for Asean membership bid Template:Webarchive Retrieved 8 July 2009
  74. ↑ Somare seeks PGMA's support for PNG's ASEAN membership bid Template:Webarchive Retrieved 8 July 2009
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